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Scripture: The text alone. Study: The verses explained. Original: The Hebrew and Greek, and the tradition.

Psalm 65

13 verses · KJVPsalms book hub →

Key verse

Which stilleth the noise of the seas, the noise of their waves, and the tumult of the people.

The chapter

Chapter summary

Harvest thanksgiving in Zion: 'Praise waiteth for thee, O God, in Zion; and unto thee shall the vow be performed. O thou that hearest prayer, unto thee shall all flesh come.' Iniquities prevail against me; 'as for our transgressions, thou wilt forgive them.' The God of our salvation stills the roaring of the seas and the tumult of the peoples. Then the year crowned with goodness: the river of God full of water, the pastures clothed with flocks, the valleys covered over with grain: 'they shout for joy, they also sing.'

Context

Poetry · David, Asaph, Sons of Korah, others · Psalms overview

Where the chapter sits

Psalms 65 falls in Book II: Davidic + Korahite (chapters 42–72). Sons of Korah cluster (42–49); Davidic continuation (51–65, 68–70); Ps 51 as penitential anchor (David + Bathsheba). Doxology at 72:18–20: ''the prayers of David the son of Jesse are ended.''

Before it: Book I: Davidic core, chapters 1–41. After it: Book III: Asaph and covenant crisis, chapters 73–89.

The whole shape of Psalms

The world behind this chapter

Psalms 65
When
Date unstated; sung at the harvest festivals · Attributed to David, c. 1000 BC
Where
The temple courts at the turn of the agricultural year, with the grain in and the flocks fat
Who first heard it
Farmers whose whole year depended on rain they could not command

The history

Israel farmed without a river. Egypt had the Nile flood and Mesopotamia had canal irrigation, but Canaan drank rain out of the sky, which is exactly how the Law describes the difference. Two rains mattered: the early rain in autumn that softened ground baked to concrete so a plough could enter it, and the latter rain in spring that filled out the grain. Miss either one and the year was lost.

The rest of the history, and what it meant to them

The ploughing lines are technical. A wooden ard pulled by a pair of oxen scratched shallow furrows and threw up ridges between them; heavy rain knocked the ridges down into the furrows and settled the whole field level. The psalm watches God do the second half of the farmer's job.

The year the psalm celebrates ran on a fixed calendar. Barley came in first in spring, then wheat about seven weeks later, and Israel's two spring feasts sat on exactly those dates, the sheaf of firstfruits, then the Feast of Weeks. The vows the psalm says will be paid were paid at those gatherings, with a shared meal in the courts.

One line reaches past the farm: the God who stills the roaring of the seas also stills the tumult of the peoples. Israel's neighbours told long stories about a storm god who had to fight the sea for his throne. This psalm has no fight in it. He quiets the sea the way a man quiets a room.

What it meant to them

Everyone in the region believed harvest came from keeping a fertility god happy. This song says the rain comes from the God who forgives sins, the same hand does both, and the second is named first.

So the wagon tracks dripping with plenty are not proof that the ritual worked. They are evidence of a character.

Sources cited

  • Oded Borowski, Agriculture in Iron Age Israel
  • John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews & Mark W. Chavalas, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament

Every work MannaFest builds on →

A. Verses 1 to 13

1. (vv. 1-2)

a.Praise waits for God in Zion, and the vows made there will be paid. Verse 2 widens the address from Zion to all people, who will come to the God who listens to prayer. Praise here is a debt, kept by a vow.

Psalms 65:1, 4 voicesWhat preachers and commentators have said about these verses, in their own words.

Psalms 65:1

Praise waiteth for thee, O God, in Sion. Though Babylon adores Antichrist, Zion remains faithful to her King; to him, and to him only, she brings her perpetual oblation of worship. Those who have seen in Zion the blood of sprinkling, and know themselves to belong to the church of the firstborn, can never think of her without presenting humble praise to Zion's God; his mercies are too numerous and precious to be forgotten. The praises of the saints wait for a signal from the divine Lord, and when he shows his face they burst forth at once.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:1-2

UPON Zion there was erected an altar dedicated to God for the offering of sacrifices. Except when prophets were commanded by God to break through the rule, burnt offering was only to be offered there. The worship of God upon the high places was contrary to the divine command: “Take heed to thyself that thou offer not thy burnt offerings in every place that thou seest: but in the place which the Lord shall choose in one of thy tribes, there thou shalt offer thy burnt offerings, and there thou shalt do all that I command thee.”

Psalms 65:1

Praise waiteth for thee--literally, "To Thee silence praise," or (compare Ps 62:1), To Thee silence is praise--that is, Praise is waiting as a servant; it is due to Thee. So the last clause expresses the duty of paying vows. These two parts of acceptable worship, mentioned in Ps 50:14, are rendered in Zion, where God chiefly displays His mercy and receives homage.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed

Psalms 65:1

By sincere faithfulness: Unto thee shall the vow be performed, that is, the sacrifice shall be offered up which was vowed. We shall not be accepted in our thanksgivings to God for the mercies we have received unless we make conscience of paying the vows which we made when we were in pursuit of the mercy; for better it is not to vow than to vow and not to pay.

Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan

Psalms 65:2, 1 voice

Psalms 65:2

O thou that hearest prayer. This is thy name, thy nature, thy glory. God not only has heard, but is now hearing prayer, and always must hear prayer, since he is an immutable being and never changes in his attributes. What a delightful title for the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! Every right and sincere prayer is as surely heard as it is offered.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

2. (vv. 3-4)

a.Iniquities prevail against me: , and the same verse says God atones for them, which means He covers the sin and puts it away. Verse 4 calls blessed the man God chooses and brings near to dwell in His courts. Nearness is God's own choice.

Psalms 65:3, 2 voices

Psalms 65:3

Iniquities prevail against me. Others accuse and slander me, and in addition to my own sins rise up and would beset me to my confusion, were it not for the remembrance of the atonement which covers every one of my iniquities. Our sins would, but for grace, prevail against us in the court of divine justice, in the court of conscience, and in the battle of life. Unhappy is the man who despises these enemies, and worse still is he who counts them his friends!

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:3

God's mercy alone delivers us from the burden of iniquities, by purging or expiating by an atonement the transgressions with which we are charged, and which are denoted by-- Iniquities--or, literally, "Words of iniquities."

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed

Psalms 65:4, 2 voices

Psalms 65:4

Blessed is the man whom thou choosest, and causest to approach unto thee. After cleansing comes benediction, and truly this is a very rich one. It comprehends both election, effectual calling, access, acceptance, and sonship. First, we are chosen of God, according to the good pleasure of his will, and this alone is blessedness. Then, since we cannot and will not come to God of ourselves, he works graciously in us, and attracts us powerfully; he subdues our unwillingness, and removes our inability by the almighty workings of his transforming grace. This also is no slight blessedness.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:4

Approach - To draw near to God in his house and ordinance, by prayer and praise, and other acts of communion with him. Satisfied - With the blessings there conferred upon thy people, the favour and fellowship of God, remission of sins, renovation of heart and life, joy and peace, and well-grounded assurance of eternal life.

John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical

3. (vv. 5-8)

a.Awesome deeds of righteousness are how God answers, and He is the hope of the farthest seas. Verse 7 sets the roaring seas, the pounding waves and the tumult of the nations in one line, all stilled by the same hand that formed the mountains. The dawn and sunset shout for joy.

Psalms 65:5, 2 voices

Psalms 65:5

By terrible things in righteousness wilt thou answer us, O God of our salvation. God's memorial is that he hears prayer, and his glory is that he answers it in a manner fitted to inspire awe in the hearts of his people. The saints, in the commencement of the Psalm, offered praise in reverential silence; and now, in the like awe stricken spirit, they receive answers to their prayers.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:5

Righteousness - By virtue of thy faithfulness, and goodness. Wilt thou - Thou wilt graciously answer our prayers. The confidence - Thou art the stay and support of all mankind, by thy powerful and gracious providence.

John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical

Psalms 65:6, 2 voices

Psalms 65:6

Which by his strength setteth fast the mountains. He, as it were, fixed them in their sockets, and preserved them from falling by earthquake or storm. The firmest owe their stability to him. Philosophers of the forget God school are too much engrossed with their laws of upheaval to think of the Upheaver. Their theories of volcanic action and glacier action, etc., etc., are frequently used as bolts and bars to shut the Lord out of his own world.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:6

Hence they are called everlasting mountains, Hab. iii. Yet God's covenant with his people is said to stand more firmly than they, Isa. liv. He stills the sea, and it is quiet,

Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan

Psalms 65:7, 2 voices

Psalms 65:7

Which stilleth the noise of the seas, the noise of their waves,.... By a word speaking; as our Lord did when here on earth, and which was a proof and evidence of his eternal power and Godhead.

Psalms 65:7

Which stilleth the noise of the seas. His soft breath smooths the sea into a glass, and the mountainous waves into ripples. God does this. Calms are of the God of peace; it needs not that we look for a hurricane when it is said that he cometh. He walked of old in the garden in the cool of the day; he is resting even now, for his great seventh day is not yet over, and he is always "the Lord and giver of peace." Let mariners magnify the God who rules the waves. The noise of their waves.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:8, 4 voices

Psalms 65:8

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens,.... The tokens of his wrath and displeasure at wicked men, seen in the punishments inflicted on them, which cause them to fear and tremble. Some interpret them of the sun, moon, and stars, which are set for "signs", as the word (m) used signifies; and which declare the glory of God to the uttermost parts of the earth, and strike men with awe and reverence of him; and others of thunder and lightning, which are sometimes very dreadful and terrible.

Psalms 65:8

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid of thy tokens. Signs of God's presence are not few, nor confined to any one region. Zembla sees them as well as Zion, and Terra del Fuego as surely as the Terra Sacra. These tokens are sometimes terrible phenomena in nature—such as earthquakes, pestilence, tornado, or storm; and when these are seen, even the most barbarous people tremble before God. At other times they are dread works of providence—such as the overthrow of Sodom, and the destruction of Pharaoh.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:8

Morning - The successive courses of the morning and evening; or of the sun and moon which go forth at those times. Thus the whole verse speaks of the natural works of God, the former clause, of such as are extraordinary and terrible, the latter of such as are ordinary and delightful.

John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical

Psalms 65:8

So does the hireling earnestly desire the shadow. Some understand it of the morning and evening sacrifice, which good people greatly rejoiced in and in which God was constantly honoured. Thou makest them to sing (so the word is); for every morning and every evening songs of praise were sung by the Levites; it was that which the duty of every day required.

Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan

4. (vv. 9-10)

a.The psalm turns from the nations to the soil. Every verb in verses 9 and 10 has God as its subject: He waters, enriches, soaks the furrows, levels the ridges and softens the ground with showers. The field work is His.

Psalms 65:9, 2 voices

Psalms 65:9

Thou visitest the earth, and waterest it. God's visits leave a blessing behind; this is more than can be said of every visitor. When the Lord goes on visitations of mercy, he has abundance of necessary things for all his needy creatures. He is represented here as going round the earth, as a gardener surveys his garden, and as giving water to every plant that requires it, and that not in small quantities, but until the earth is drenched and soaked with a rich supply of refreshment.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:9

It is a visit in mercy, which the inhabitants of the earth ought to return in praises. (2.) God, that made it dry land, hereby waters it, in order to its fruitfulness. Though the productions of the earth flourished before God had caused it to rain, yet even then there was a mist which answered the intention, and watered the whole face of the ground, Gen. ii.

Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan

Psalms 65:10, 1 voice

Psalms 65:10

Thou waterest the ridges thereof abundantly: thou settlest the furrows thereof. Ridge and furrow are drenched. The ridges beaten down and settled, and the furrows made to stand like gutters flooded to the full. Thou makest it soft with showers. The drought turned the clods into iron, but the plenteous showers dissolve and loosen the soil. Thou blessest the springing thereof. Vegetation enlivened by the moisture leaps into vigour, the seed germinates and sends forth its green shoot, and the smell is that as of a field which the Lord has blessed.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

5. (vv. 11-13)

a.The year wears a crown of bounty. God's paths overflow, the hills are robed with joy, and flocks and grain cover the pastures and the valleys. The land itself shouts and sings the praise that waited in Zion at verse 1.

Psalms 65:11, 2 voices

Psalms 65:11

David moved by the Holy Spirit thus in a psalm addresses God: Bless thou the crown of the year of thy goodness; thus in a remarkable way styling the cycle of the twelve months of the year a crown of goodness, as crowning the surface …

Psalms 65:11

Thou crownest the year with thy goodness. The harvest is the plainest display of the divine bounty, and the crown of the year. The Lord himself conducts the coronation, and sets the golden coronal upon the brow of the year. Or we may understand the expression to mean that God's love encircles the year as with a crown; each month has its gems, each day its pearl. Unceasing kindness girdles all time with a belt of love. The providence of God in its visitations makes a complete circuit, and surrounds the year. And thy paths drop fatness.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:12, 2 voices

Psalms 65:12

They drop upon the pastures of the wilderness. Not alone where man is found do the showers descend, but away in the lone places, where only wild animals have their haunt, there the bountiful Lord makes the refreshing rain to drop. Ten thousand oases smile while the Lord of mercy passes by. The birds of the air, the wild goats, and the fleet stags rejoice as they drink from the pools, new filled from heaven. The most lonely and solitary souls God will visit in love. And the little hills rejoice on every side.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 65:12

So extensive are the gifts of God's bounty that in them the hills, the little hills, rejoice on every side, even the north side, that lies most from the sun. Hills are not above the need of God's providence; little hills are not below the cognizance of it.

Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan

Psalms 65:13, 1 voice

Psalms 65:13

The pastures are clothed with flocks. The clothing of man first clothes the fields. Pastures appear to be quite covered with numerous flocks when the grass is abundant. The valleys also are covered over with corn. The arable as well as the pasture land is rendered fruitful. God's clouds, like ravens, bring us both bread and flesh. Grazing flocks and waving crops are equally the gifts of the Preserver of men, and for both praise should be rendered. Sheep shearing and harvest should both be holiness unto the Lord. They shout for joy.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

The text of this chapter

This page carries no textual note on Psalms 65. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Psalms; Charles Spurgeon; Cosmas Indicopleustes, The Christian Topography, Book 8; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Psalms; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871); John Gill; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765) and Matthew Henry.

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