1 Samuelchapter 27
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Original Language
1 Samuel 27— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Ziklag: David takes refuge with the king of Gath1
1 Samuel 27:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִד֙davidDavidH1732אֶל־ʾel-toH413לִבּ֔וֹliboheart hisH3820עַתָּ֛הʾatahnowH6258אֶסָּפֶ֥הʾesapehI will be swept awayH5595יוֹם־yom-a dayH3117אֶחָ֖דʾechadoneH259בְּיַד־beyad-by [the] hand ofH3027שָׁא֑וּלshaulSaulH7586אֵֽין־ʾein-notH369לִ֨יli[belongs] to <the> meט֜וֹבtovgoodH2896כִּ֣יkiforH3588הִמָּלֵ֥טhimaletreally <escape>H4422אִמָּלֵ֣ט׀ʾimaletI will escapeH4422אֶל־ʾel-toH413אֶ֣רֶץʾeretz[the] land ofH776פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יםpelishtim[the] PhilistinesH6430וְנוֹאַ֨שׁvenoashand he will desistH2976מִמֶּ֤נִּיmimenifrom meH4480שָׁאוּל֙shaulSaulH7586לְבַקְשֵׁ֤נִיlevakshenito seek meH1245עוֹד֙ʾodagainH5750בְּכָל־bekholin allH3605גְּב֣וּלgevul[the] territory ofH1366יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyisraelIsraelH3478וְנִמְלַטְתִּ֖יvenimlatiand I will be deliveredH4422מִיָּדֽוֹ׃miyadofrom hand hisH3027
Rashi on I Samuel 27:1
Now I might perish one day. Perhaps he will ambush me and suddenly attack me. 1 Dovid did not trust Shaul and was convinced that he was laying a trap for him by asking him to remain.—Metzudas Dovid
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
1 Samuel 27:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיָּ֣קָםvaiyakomand he aroseH6965דָּוִ֔דdavidDavidH1732וַיַּעֲבֹ֣רvaiyaavorand he passed overH5674ה֔וּאhu'heH1931וְשֵׁשׁ־veshesh-and sixH8337מֵא֥וֹתmeothundred<s>H3967אִ֖ישׁʾishmanH376אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhoH834עִמּ֑וֹimo[were] with himH5973אֶל־ʾel-toH413אָכִ֥ישׁʾakhishAchishH397בֶּן־ben-[the] son ofH1121מָע֖וֹךְmaokhMaochH4582מֶ֥לֶךְmelekh[the] king ofH4428גַּֽת׃gatGathH1661
1 Samuel 27:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֵּשֶׁב֩vaiyeshevand he dweltH3427דָּוִ֨דdavidDavidH1732עִם־ʾim-withH5973אָכִ֥ישׁʾakhishAchishH397בְּגַ֛תbegatin GathH1661ה֥וּאhu'heH1931וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יוvaanashavand men hisH582אִ֣ישׁʾisheach oneH376וּבֵית֑וֹuveitoand household hisH1004דָּוִד֙davidDavidH1732וּשְׁתֵּ֣יusheteiand [the] twoH8147נָשָׁ֔יוnashavwives hisH802אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙ʾachinoamAhinoamH293הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔יתhaiyizreelitthe Jezreelite [woman]H3158וַאֲבִיגַ֥יִלvaavigayiland AbigailH26אֵֽשֶׁת־ʾeshet-[the] wife ofH802נָבָ֖לnavalNabalH5037הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽית׃hakarmelitthe Carmelite [woman]H3761
1 Samuel 27:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
1 Samuel 27:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidH1732אֶל־ʾel-toH413אָכִ֗ישׁʾakhishAchishH397אִם־ʾim-ifH518נָא֩na'pleaseH4994מָצָ֨אתִיmatzatiI have foundH4672חֵ֤ןchenfavorH2580בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙beeineikhain view yourH5869יִתְּנוּ־yitenu-let people giveH5414לִ֣יlito <the> meמָק֗וֹםmakoma placeH4725בְּאַחַ֛תbeachatin one ofH259עָרֵ֥יʾarei[the] cities ofH5892הַשָּׂדֶ֖הhasadehthe fieldH7704וְאֵ֣שְׁבָהveeshevahso I may dwellH3427שָּׁ֑םshamthereH8033וְלָ֨מָּהvelamahand <to> why?H4100יֵשֵׁ֧בyeshevwill he dwellH3427עַבְדְּךָ֛ʾavdekhaservant yourH5650בְּעִ֥ירbeirin [the] city ofH5892הַמַּמְלָכָ֖הhamamlakhah<the> royaltyH4467עִמָּֽךְ׃ʾimakhwith youH5973
Rashi on I Samuel 27:5
Why should your servant remain… And be a burden to you. 2 Probably, Dovid did not want to live with idolaters and therefore asked in a diplomatic fashion, e.g., ‘Why should your servant be a burden to you,’ to settle in a separate city.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
1 Samuel 27:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּתֶּן־vaiyiten-and he gaveH5414ל֥וֹloto <the> himאָכִ֛ישׁʾakhishAchishH397בַּיּ֥וֹםbaiyomon the dayH3117הַה֖וּאhahu'<the> thatH1931אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853צִֽקְלָ֑גtziklagZiklagH6860לָכֵ֞ןlakhen<to> thereforeH3651הָיְתָ֤הhayetahit has belongedH1961צִֽקְלַג֙tziklagZiklagH6860לְמַלְכֵ֣יlemalkheito [the] kings ofH4428יְהוּדָ֔הyehudahJudahH3063עַ֖דʾaduntilH5704הַיּ֥וֹםhaiyomthe dayH3117הַזֶּֽה׃ פhazeh<the> thisH2088
1 Samuel 27:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַֽיְהִי֙vayhiand it wasH1961מִסְפַּ֣רmispar[the] number ofH4557הַיָּמִ֔יםhaiyamimthe daysH3117אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whichH834יָשַׁ֥בyashavhe dweltH3427דָּוִ֖דdavidDavidH1732בִּשְׂדֵ֣הbisdehin [the] region ofH7704פְלִשְׁתִּ֑יםfelishtim[the] PhilistinesH6430יָמִ֖יםyamimdaysH3117וְאַרְבָּעָ֥הvearbaahand fourH702חֳדָשִֽׁים׃chodashimmonthsH2320
Raids reported crooked, and an enemy who trusts him8
1 Samuel 27:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּ֤עַלvaiyaaland he went upH5927דָּוִד֙davidDavidH1732וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יוvaanashavand men hisH582וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֛וּvaiyifshetuand they made raidsH6584אֶל־ʾel-againstH413הַגְּשׁוּרִ֥יhageshurithe Geshurite[s]H1651וְהַגִּזְרִ֖יvehagirziand the Gizrite[s]H1511וְהָעֲמָלֵקִ֑יvehaamalkiand the Amalekite[s]H6003כִּ֣יkiforH3588הֵ֜נָּהhenahtheyH2007יֹשְׁב֤וֹתyoshevot[were] dwellingH3427הָאָ֙רֶץ֙haaretzthe landH776אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhichH834מֵֽעוֹלָ֔םmeolam[is] from antiquityH5769בּוֹאֲךָ֥boakhacoming youH935שׁ֖וּרָהshurahShur towardsH7793וְעַד־vead-and toH5704אֶ֥רֶץʾeretz[the] land ofH776מִצְרָֽיִם׃mitzrayimEgyptH4714
1 Samuel 27:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהִכָּ֤הvehikahand he struckH5221דָוִד֙davidDavidH1732אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הָאָ֔רֶץhaaretzthe landH776וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808יְחַיֶּ֖הyechaiyehhe let liveH2421אִ֣ישׁʾisha manH376וְאִשָּׁ֑הveishahand a womanH802וְלָקַח֩velakachand he tookH3947צֹ֨אןtzonsheepH6629וּבָקָ֜רuvakarand cattleH1241וַחֲמֹרִ֤יםvachamorimand donkeysH2543וּגְמַלִּים֙ugemalimand camelsH1581וּבְגָדִ֔יםuvegadimand clothesH899וַיָּ֖שָׁבvaiyashovand he returnedH7725וַיָּבֹ֥אvaiyavo'and he wentH935אֶל־ʾel-toH413אָכִֽישׁ׃ʾakhishAchishH397
1 Samuel 27:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אָכִ֔ישׁʾakhishAchishH397אַל־ʾal-against [where]H413פְּשַׁטְתֶּ֖םpeshatemdid you make a raidH6584הַיּ֑וֹםhaiyomthis dayH3117וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִ֗דdavidDavidH1732עַל־ʾal-onH5921נֶ֤גֶבnegev[the] Negev ofH5045יְהוּדָה֙yehudahJudahH3063וְעַל־veal-and onH5921נֶ֣גֶבnegev[the] Negev ofH5045הַיַּרְחְמְאֵלִ֔יhaiyarchemeelithe Jerahmeelite[s]H3397וְאֶל־veel-and againstH413נֶ֖גֶבnegev[the] Negev ofH5045הַקֵּינִֽי׃hakeinithe Kenite[s]H7017
1 Samuel 27:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְאִ֨ישׁveishand a manH376וְאִשָּׁ֜הveishahand a womanH802לֹֽא־lo'-notH3808יְחַיֶּ֣הyechaiyehhe let liveH2421דָוִ֗דdavidDavidH1732לְהָבִ֥יאlehavi'to bringH935גַת֙gatGathH1661לֵאמֹ֔רlemor<to> sayingH559פֶּן־pen-lestH6435יַגִּ֥דוּyagiduthey should tellH5046עָלֵ֖ינוּʾaleinuon usH5921לֵאמֹ֑רlemor<to> sayingH559כֹּֽה־koh-thusH3541עָשָׂ֤הʾasahhe has doneH6213דָוִד֙davidDavidH1732וְכֹ֣הvekhohand [is] thusH3541מִשְׁפָּט֔וֹmishpatopractice hisH4941כָּל־kol-allH3605הַ֨יָּמִ֔יםhaiyamimthe daysH3117אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhichH834יָשַׁ֖בyashavhe has dweltH3427בִּשְׂדֵ֥הbisdehin [the] region ofH7704פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃felishtim[the] PhilistinesH6430
1 Samuel 27:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּאֲמֵ֥ןvaiyaamenand he trustedH539אָכִ֖ישׁʾakhishAchishH397בְּדָוִ֣דbedavidin DavidH1732לֵאמֹ֑רlemor<to> sayingH559הַבְאֵ֤שׁhaveshcertainly <to become odious>H887הִבְאִישׁ֙hivishhe has become odiousH887בְּעַמּ֣וֹbeamoamong people hisH5971בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לveyisraelamong IsraelH3478וְהָ֥יָהvehayahand he will becomeH1961לִ֖יliof meלְעֶ֥בֶדleeved<into> a servant ofH5650עוֹלָֽם׃ פolamperpetuityH5769