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Psalms 19:13

in Psalms 19

Keep Your servant also from willful sins; may they not rule over me. Then I will be blameless and cleansed of great transgression.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; Let them not have dominion over me: Then shall I be upright, And I shall be clear from great transgression.

KJV

Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression.

This verse in Psalms 19

Commentary

16 notes on this verse
Keep back thy servant also - Restrain thy servant; or, do not suffer him to commit those sins. From presumptuous sins - The word used here is manifestly designed to stand in some respects in contrast with the secret faults mentioned in the previous verse. The word - זד zêd - means properly that which is boiling, swelling, inflated; then proud, arrogant; with the accessory notion of shameless wickedness or impiety. Gesenius, Lexicon.

This site's exposition

Who can discern his own errors

on Psalms 19:12-14

The law that gives light now shows the man himself. Hidden faults are those he cannot see, and willful sins are those that would rule over him. The psalm closes on a prayer that the words of his mouth and thoughts of his heart please God, his Rock and Redeemer.

This site's exposition

Keep Your servant also from willful sins

Albert Barnes set willful sins against the hidden faults of verse 12, from a Hebrew word for pride boiling over. Charles Spurgeon drew from the prayer that even the best servant must be held back by grace, as a horse by the bit.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

Exposition on Psalm 19 · Written before 430.

proposed

"Cleanse me, O Lord, from my secret faults." From the lusts which lie hidden in me, cleanse me, O Lord. "And from the" faults "of others preserve Your servant" [Psalm 19:13]. Let me not be led astray by others. For he is not a prey to the faults of others, who is cleansed from his own. Preserve therefore from the lusts of others, not the proud man, and him who would be his own master, but, Your servant. "If they get not the dominion over me, then shall I be undefiled." If neither my own secret sins, nor those of others, get the dominion over me, then shall I be undefiled. For there is no third source of sin, but one's own secret sin, by which the devil fell, and another's sin, by which man is seduced, so as by consenting to make it his own. "And I shall be cleansed from the great offense." What but pride? For there is none greater than apostasy from God, which is "the beginning of the pride of man." [Sirach 10:12] And he shall indeed be undefiled, who is free from this offense also; for this is the last to them who are returning to God, which was the first as they departed from Him.

The Medieval Church2 voices

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Exposition on the Psalms of David · Written before 1274.

proposed

"If they shall not." Here he sets forth the reason for the petition. And first, on David's part, he asks for immunity from evil. Second, for perfection in good: "And they shall be pleasing." He asks for immunity from evil in two ways: from future …

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Exposition on the Psalms of David · Written before 1274.

proposed

Sometimes they take their origin from another; therefore he says, "From those of others spare your servant." But is another's sin imputed to someone? Ezek. 18: "The soul that sins, it shall die." It must be said that it is not, when it is entirely …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

Note, First, Presumptuous sins are very heinous and dangerous. those that sin against the habitual convictions and actual admonitions of their consciences, in contempt and defiance of the law and its sanctions, that sin with a high hand, sin presumptuously, and it is a great transgression.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

1 The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament showeth his handywork. 2 Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night showeth knowledge. 3 There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard.

quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — scripture-overlap:94%@v1-3

8 more voices on this verse

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

Presumptuous - From known and evident sins, such as are committed against knowledge, against the checks of conscience, and the motions of God's spirit. Dominion - If I be at any time tempted to such sins, Lord let them not prevail over me, and if I do fall into them, let me speedily rise again.
Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins,....

The Nineteenth Century6 voices

A commentator

Charles Spurgeon

1834–1892

The Treasury of David, Vol. 1 (1869)

"Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me." This earnest and humble prayer teaches us that saints may fall into the worst of sins unless restrained by grace, and that therefore they must watch and pray lest they enter into temptation. There is a natural proneness to sin in the best of men, and they must be held back as a horse is held back by the bit or they will run into it. Presumptuous sins are peculiarly dangerous. All sins are great sins, but yet some sins are greater than others.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

The clearer our view of the law, the more manifest are our sins. Still for its full effect we need divine grace to show us our faults, acquit us, restrain us from the practice, and free us from the power, of sin.

A commentator

Charles Spurgeon

1834–1892

The Treasury of David, Vol. 1 (1869)

proposed

"Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me." This earnest and humble prayer teaches us that saints may fall into the worst of sins unless restrained by grace, and that therefore they must watch and pray lest they enter into temptation. There is a natural proneness to sin in the best of men, and they must be held back as a horse is held back by the bit or they will run into it. Presumptuous sins are peculiarly dangerous. All sins are great sins, but yet some sins are greater than others. Every sin has in it the very venom of rebellion, and is full of the essential marrow of traitorous rejection of God; but there be some sins which have in them a greater development of the essential mischief of rebellion, and which wear upon their faces more of the brazen pride which defies the Most High. It is wrong to suppose that because all sins will condemn us, that therefore one sin is not greater than another. The fact is, that while all transgression is a greatly grievous and sinful thing, yet there are some transgressions which have a deeper shade of blackness, and a more double scarlet-dyed hue of criminality than others. The presumptuous sins of our text are the chief and worst of all sins; they rank head and foremost in the list of iniquities. It is remarkable that though an atonement was provided under the Jewish law for every kind of sin, there was this one exception: "But the soul that sinneth presumptuously shall have no atonement; it shall be cut off from the midst of the people."
ALL SINS are great sins, but yet some sins are greater than others. Every sin has in it the very venom of rebellion, and is full of the essential marrow of traitorous rejection of God. But there be some sins which have in them a greater development of the essential mischief of rebellion, and which wear upon their faces more of the brazen pride which defies the Most High. It is wrong to suppose that because all sins will condemn us, that therefore one sin is not greater than another.
ALL SINS are great sins, but yet some sins are greater than others. Every sin has in it the very venom of rebellion, and is full of the essential marrow of traitorous rejection of God. But there be some sins which have in them a greater development of the essential mischief of rebellion, and which wear upon their faces more of the brazen pride which defies the Most High. It is wrong to suppose that because all sins will condemn us, that therefore one sin is not greater than another. The fact is, that while all transgression is a greatly grievous sinful thing, yet there are some transgressions which have a deeper shade of blackness, and a more double scarlet-dyed hue of criminality than others. Now the presumptuous sins of our text are just the chief of all sins: they rank head and foremost in the list of iniquities. It is remarkable, that though an atonement was provided under the Jewish law for every kind of sin, there was this one exception: “But the soul that sinneth presumptuously shall have no atonement; it shall be out off from the midst of my people.” And now, under the Christian dispensation, although in the sacrifice of our blessed Lord there is a great and precious atonement for presumptuous sins, whereby sinners who have sinned in this manner are made clean, yet, without doubt, presumptuous sinners, dying without pardon, must expect to receive a double portion of the wrath of God, and a more wonderful manifestation of the unutterable anguish of the torment of eternal punishment in the pit that is digged for the wicked.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

From presumptuous sins - Sins committed not through frailty or surprise, but those which are the offspring of thought, purpose, and deliberation. Sins against judgment, light, and conscience. The words might be translated, Preserve thy servant also from the proud; from tyrannical governors, i.e., from evil spirits - Bishop Horsley. So most of the versions understand the place. Let them not have dominion over me - Let me never be brought into a habit of sinning. He who sins presumptuously will soon be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin. Then shall I be upright - Let me be preserved from all the evil that the craft and malice of the devil or man work against me, then shall I continue to walk uprightly, and shall be innocent from the great transgression - from habitual sinning, from apostasy, from my easily-besetting sin. He who would be innocent from the great transgression, must take care that he indulge not himself in any. See Bishop Horne. Most men have committed some particular sin which they ought to deplore as long as they breathe, and on account of the enormity of which they should for ever be humbled.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

Who understands errors? I was careful with them but it is impossible to be so careful that one does not err in them, and You cleanse me of hidden sins, which were hidden from me; of which I was unaware when I sinned inadvertently.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Psalms 19:13:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
for in observing them there is great reward I was careful in its observance because of Your great good that You have hidden away, and according to this usage, עקב is like (Gen.:5): “because (עקב) Abraham hearkened to My voice.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Psalms 19:12:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 5 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

12 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • גַּ֤םalso

    gamH1571 →769 times

  • מִזֵּדִ֨ים׀from presumptuous [sins]

    mizedimH2086 →13 times

  • חֲשֹׂ֬ךְkeep back

    chasokhH2820 →

  • עַבְדֶּ֗ךָservant your

    ʾavdekhaH5650 →799 times

  • אַֽל־may not

    ʾal-H408 →724 times

  • יִמְשְׁלוּ־they rule

    yimshelu-H4910 →81 times

  • בִ֣יover me

    vi

  • אָ֣זthen

    ʾazH227 →141 times

  • אֵיתָ֑םI will be blameless

    ʾeitamH8552 →63 times

  • וְ֝נִקֵּ֗יתִיand I will be acquitted

    venikeitiH5352 →

  • מִפֶּ֥שַֽׁעfrom transgression

    mipesha'H6588 →93 times

  • רָֽב׃great

    ravH7227 →454 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Psalms 84:11

    For the LORD God is a sun and a shield; the LORD gives grace and glory; He withholds no good thing from those who walk with integrity.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 34:9–10

      Fear the LORD, you His saints, for those who fear Him lack nothing.

    • Proverbs 2:7

      He stores up sound wisdom for the upright; He is a shield to those who walk with integrity,

    • Matthew 6:33

      But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things will be added unto you.

    • Philippians 4:19

      And my God will supply all your needs according to His glorious riches in Christ Jesus.

    • Psalms 85:12

      The LORD will indeed provide what is good, and our land will yield its increase.

  • Through

    Psalms 119:133

    Order my steps in Your word; let no sin rule over me.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 17:5

      My steps have held to Your paths; my feet have not slipped.

    • Psalms 119:116

      Sustain me as You promised, that I may live; let me not be ashamed of my hope.

    • Psalms 32:8

      I will instruct you and teach you the way you should go; I will give you counsel and watch over you.

Where this verse is studied

About Psalms

The Starry Night. Vincent van Gogh, 1889. Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
The Starry Night. Vincent van Gogh, 1889. Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments; Augustine of Hippo, Exposition on Psalm 19; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David, Vol. 1; Charles Spurgeon, The New Park Street Pulpit, Sermon No. 135: “Presumptuous Sins” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Exposition on the Psalms of David.