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Ezekiel 1:19

in Ezekiel 1

So as the living creatures moved, the wheels moved beside them, and when the creatures rose from the ground, the wheels also rose.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And when the living creatures went, the wheels went beside them; and when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up.

KJV

And when the living creatures went, the wheels went by them: and when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up.

This verse in Ezekiel 1

Commentary

11 notes on this verse

This site's exposition

the wheels moved beside them

on Ezekiel 1:19-21

The wheels followed the creatures in every motion: “When the creatures moved, the wheels moved; when the creatures stood still, the wheels stood still.” Twice, in verses 20 and 21, the text gives the one reason, “because the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels.”

The record, by era

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Ezekiel · Written before 420.

proposed

(Vers. 19 seqq.) When the animals walked, the wheels walked alongside them. And when the animals were lifted up from the ground, the wheels were also lifted up. Wherever the spirit went, the wheels went there too, for the spirit of life was in the wheels. As the animals went, the wheels went, and as they stood, the wheels stood. And when the animals were lifted up from the ground, the wheels were lifted up as well, following them, for the spirit of life was in the wheels. Four animals followed the spirit, and the cloud that was in the spirit. And again, the wheels lifted themselves off the ground, not the animals, but the spirit followed, to show its own will: because the spirit of life was in the wheels. Three, however, are indicated both in the animals and in the wheels, when they stood, when they walked, when they were lifted up, which both the animals and the wheels did in common. For neither could animals that were standing walk on wheels, nor could animals walking on the ground lift themselves on wheels, but of those actions, one was rest, one was motion, and elevation. And secondly it is said, because the spirit of life was in the wheels: so that we should in no way consider the wheels as vessels, which we see in the carts of wagons and chariots, but as living beings, indeed above living beings. For the animal man does not perceive those things that are spirits. Therefore, these wheels, in which the spirit of life was, do all things in order and measure, and they have harmony with animals, following them, and through them, the Holy Spirit; indeed, having skipped the middle, they enjoy the fellowship of the Holy Spirit. All of which, according to the earlier understanding, a wise reader can fit into various interpretations.

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Gregory the Dialogist

Homilies on Ezekiel, Book 1, Homily 7 · Written before 604.

proposed

"And when the living creatures walked, the wheels also walked beside them; and when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up together with them." The living creatures walk when holy men understand in Sacred Scripture how they should live morally. But the living creatures are lifted from the earth when holy men suspend themselves in contemplation. And because each of the saints, the more he himself has advanced in Sacred Scripture, the more that same Sacred Scripture advances in him, it is rightly said: "When the living creatures walked, the wheels walked equally with them; and when the living creatures were lifted from the earth, the wheels were lifted together with them," because the divine words grow with the reader; for each one understands them more deeply to the degree that he attends to them more deeply. Hence the wheels are not lifted if the living creatures are not lifted, because unless the minds of readers have advanced to higher things, the divine sayings lie as if in the depths, not understood. For when the words of Sacred Scripture do not arouse the mind of any reader (if the sense of the divine word seems lukewarm to him), and no light of understanding flashes forth in his thought, the wheel is both idle and on the ground, because the living creature is not lifted from the earth. But if the living creature walks, that is, seeks the order of living well, and through the steps of the heart finds how to place the steps of good work, the wheels walk equally with it, because you find as much progress in the sacred word as you yourself have advanced in relation to it. […]

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

): When the living creatures went, to bring about any business, the wheels went by them; when God has work to do by the ministry of angels second causes are all found, or made, ready to concur in it; and (

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation

And when the living creatures went, the wheels went by them,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

The glory of God appears not only in the splendour of his retinue in the upper world, but in the steadiness of his government here in this lower world.
5 more voices on this verse

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

The reason given of this is because the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels; the same wisdom, power, and holiness of God, the same will and counsel of his, that guides and governs the angels and all their performances, does, by them, order and dispose of all the motions of the creatures in this lower world and the events and issues of them.

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

IN my preaching, I am constantly talking about Providence, so I thought it would be well to devote a whole sermon to explaining what I believe are God's great wonder-working processes which we call, "Providence." In looking for a suitable text, I found this one. These "wheels" signify Divine Providence and I trust, while explaining them, I may be so assisted by God's Spirit that I may say many things to you concerning God's Government which may lift up any who are despondent and lift up the souls of many who are distressed. I.
IN my preaching, I am constantly talking about Providence, so I thought it would be well to devote a whole sermon to explaining what I believe are God's great wonder-working processes which we call, "Providence." In looking for a suitable text, I found this one. These "wheels" signify Divine Providence and I trust, while explaining them, I may be so assisted by God's Spirit that I may say many things to you concerning God's Government which may lift up any who are despondent and lift up the souls of many who are distressed. I. Going at once to my divisions, my first remark will be that PROVIDENCE IS HERE COMPARED TO A "WHEEL." When the Prophet had "beheld the living creatures," which I take it were angels, he opened his eyes again and he saw a wonderful illustration of Divine Providence—and this exhibition was in the figure of a wheel. You must know that this is not the only place where this comparison is to be found, for the Romans and Greeks were accustomed to compare the wondrous working of God in Providence to the revolutions of a wheel. The story goes that a certain king, being taken prisoner, was bound in chains and dragged along at the chariot wheels of his conqueror. As he went along, he kept looking at the wheel and shedding tears, and then looking at the wheel, again, and lifting up his eyes and smiling. The conqueror turned and said, "Why are you looking at that wheel?" He said, "I was thinking, such is the lot of man—just now I was here, now I am there—but soon I may be here again at the top of the wheel, and you may be grinding the dust." This was well for a heathen. The Prophet had the very same idea—he was permitted by God to see that the wheel is a very beautiful figure of Divine Providence. Let me show you that it is so.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

When the living creatures went, the wheels went - The wheels were attached to the living creatures, so that, in progress, they had the same motion.

Modern Voices1 voice

A commentator

GK Chesterton

Alarms and Discursions, The Wheel (1910) (1910)

proposed

For wheels are the mark of a man quite as much as wings are the mark of an angel. Wheels are the things that are as old as mankind and yet are strictly peculiar to man, that are prehistoric but not pre-human. A distinguished psychologist, …

The words behind it

11 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וּבְלֶ֙כֶת֙and when moved

    uvelekhetH1980 →1546 times

  • הַֽחַיּ֔וֹתthe living creatures

    hachaiyotH2416 →498 times

  • יֵלְכ֥וּthey moved

    yelekhuH1980 →1546 times

  • הָאוֹפַנִּ֖יםthe wheels

    haofanimH212 →35 times

  • אֶצְלָ֑םbeside them

    ʾetzlamH681 →61 times

  • וּבְהִנָּשֵׂ֤אand when were lifted up

    uvehinase'H5375 →656 times

  • הַֽחַיּוֹת֙the living creatures

    hachaiyotH2416 →498 times

  • מֵעַ֣לfrom on

    mealH5921 →5755 times

  • הָאָ֔רֶץthe ground

    haaretzH776 →2504 times

  • יִנָּשְׂא֖וּthey were lifted up

    yinaseuH5375 →656 times

  • הָאוֹפַנִּֽים׃the wheels

    haofanimH212 →35 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Psalms 103:20

    Bless the LORD, all His angels mighty in strength who carry out His word, who hearken to the voice of His command.

    it leads to

    • Hebrews 1:14

      Are not the angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?

    • Psalms 148:2

      Praise Him, all His angels; praise Him, all His heavenly hosts.

    • Luke 1:19

      “I am Gabriel,” replied the angel. “I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to bring you this good news.

    • Matthew 26:53

      Are you not aware that I can call on My Father, and He will at once put at My disposal more than twelve legions of angels?

    • 2 Kings 19:35

      And that very night the angel of the LORD went out and struck down 185,000 men in the camp of the Assyrians. When the people got up the next morning, there were all the…

  • Through

    Ezekiel 10:16

    When the cherubim moved, the wheels moved beside them, and even when they spread their wings to rise from the ground, the wheels did not veer away from their side.

    it leads to

    • Ezekiel 1:19–21

      So as the living creatures moved, the wheels moved beside them, and when the creatures rose from the ground, the wheels also rose.

  • Through

    Ezekiel 10:19

    As I watched, the cherubim lifted their wings and rose up from the ground, with the wheels beside them as they went. And they stopped at the entrance of the east gate of the…

    it leads to

    • Ezekiel 1:17–21

      As they moved, they went in any of the four directions, without pivoting as they moved.

    • Ezekiel 43:4

      and the glory of the LORD entered the temple through the gate facing east.

Where this verse is studied

About Ezekiel

The Prophet Ezekiel — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
The Prophet Ezekiel — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3114: “God's Providence” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); GK Chesterton, Alarms and Discursions, The Wheel (1910); Gregory the Dialogist, Homilies on Ezekiel, Book 1, Homily 7; Jerome, Commentary on Ezekiel; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.