Creditor

How Nave’s arranged it

• LAWS CONCERNINGExodus 21:2–6Exodus 22:25–27Leviticus 25:14–17Leviticus 25:35–37Deuteronomy 15:2Deuteronomy 15:3Deuteronomy 23:19Deuteronomy 23:20Deuteronomy 24:6Deuteronomy 24:10–13Deuteronomy 24:17Matthew 5:42Luke 6:34
• OPPRESSIONS OF2 Kings 4:1Nehemiah 5:1–13Job 20:18–20Job 22:6Job 24:3Job 24:9Proverbs 22:26Proverbs 22:27Matthew 5:25Matthew 5:26Matthew 18:28–35Luke 12:58Luke 12:59
• MERCIFULPsalms 112:5Matthew 18:23–27Luke 7:41–43
• See Debt
• See Debtor
• See Jubilee
• See Surety

The passages, in Bible order (29)

The same references, sorted Genesis to Revelation. The first 16 are quoted in full; the rest are one click beneath them, book by book.

1. Exodus 21:2–6

   If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free without paying anything.

   ›Commentary on Exodus 21:2–62 voices

   “If thou buy an Hebrew servant--Every Israelite was free-born; but slavery was permitted under certain restrictions. An Hebrew might be made a slave through poverty, debt, or crime; but at the end of six years he was entitled to freedom, and his wife, if she had voluntarily shared his state of bondage, also obtained release.

   “We read that every Hebrew keeps the same Passover, and that in the seventh year every prisoner is set free, and that at Jubilee, that is, the fiftieth year, every possession returns to its owner. All this refers not to the present but to the future. For being in bondage during the six days of this world, on the seventh day, the true and eternal sabbath, we shall be free. If we wish to be free, we will be free even while still in bondage in the world.

   Everything gathered on Exodus 21:2–6→

   Verse page →Original language →

2. Exodus 22:25–27

   If you lend money to one of My people among you who is poor, you must not act as a creditor to him; you are not to charge him interest.

   ›Commentary on Exodus 22:25–272 voices

   “And such provision the law made for the preserving estates to their families by the year of Jubilee, that a people who had little concern in trade could not be supposed to borrow money but for necessity; therefore it was generally forbidden among themselves; but to a stranger they were allowed to lend upon usury.

   “There is a great deal about sharing and exchanging, but it is enough to say that the law forbids lending at interest to a brother. By brother it means not merely one born of the same parents but a member of the same tribe or one of the same faith, who shares in the same Logos. The law does not deem it right to collect interest on the capital. It seeks to enable free giving to those in need, with hands and minds wide open. God is the creator of this free gift.

   Everything gathered on Exodus 22:25–27→

   Verse page →Original language →

3. Leviticus 25:14–17

   If you make a sale to your neighbor or a purchase from him, you must not take advantage of each other.

   ›Commentary on Leviticus 25:14–171 voice

   “In short, the buyer must not give less, nor the seller take more, than the just value of the thing, considered as necessarily returning at the year of jubilee. It must be settled what the clear yearly value of the land was, and then how many years' purchase it was worth till the year of jubilee.

   Everything gathered on Leviticus 25:14–17→

   Verse page →Original language →

4. Leviticus 25:35–37

   Now if your countryman becomes destitute and cannot support himself among you, then you are to help him as you would a foreigner or stranger, so that he can continue to live among you.

   ›Commentary on Leviticus 25:35–371 voice

   “Rather, And if thy brother (an Israelite) becomes poor and falls into decay with thee, thou shalt assist him and let him live with thee like a resident foreigner. He was not to be regarded as an outcast, but was to be treated with the same respect and consideration as a resident foreigner who, like him, could possess no land, but could accumulate property and live in comfort as a free man. See Lev 16:29 note.

   Everything gathered on Leviticus 25:35–37→

   Verse page →Original language →

5. Deuteronomy 15:2

   This is the manner of remission: Every creditor shall cancel what he has loaned to his neighbor. He is not to collect anything from his neighbor or brother, because the LORD’s time of release has been proclaimed.

   ›Commentary on Deuteronomy 15:22 voices

   “THIS wonderful transaction of "the Lord's release" came at the end of every seven years. It was according to the gracious Law of God for Israel that there should be, first of all, a rest one day in seven. Next, there were feast days one month in seven—and then there came, every seventh year, a year of rest for the land in which they did not till it, but left it to lie fallow.

   “On that day something really extraordinary happened — all debts are wiped out! All credits are wiped out. The financial realm is wiped clean every seven years.

   Everything gathered on Deuteronomy 15:2→

   Verse page →Original language →

6. Deuteronomy 15:3

   You may collect something from a foreigner, but you must forgive whatever your brother owes you.

   Verse page →Original language →

7. Deuteronomy 23:19

   Do not charge your brother interest on money, food, or any other type of loan.

   ›Commentary on Deuteronomy 23:192 voices

   “This among them would be little or no loss to the lender, because their land was so divided, their estates so settled, and there was so little a merchandise among them, that it was seldom or never they had occasion to borrow any great sums, but only for the subsistence of their family, or some uncommon emergence.

   “[Scripture] orders money to be returned without usury. It is a mark of kindly feeling to help one who has nothing. It is a sign of a hard nature to extort more than one has given. If one has need of your assistance because he has not enough of his own wherewith to repay a debt, is it not a wicked thing to demand under the guise of kindly feeling a larger sum from him who has not the means to pay off a lesser amount?

   Everything gathered on Deuteronomy 23:19→

   Verse page →Original language →

8. Deuteronomy 23:20

   You may charge a foreigner interest, but not your brother, so that the LORD your God may bless you in everything to which you put your hand in the land that you are entering to possess.

   ›Commentary on Deuteronomy 23:201 voice

   “By this it appears that usury is not in itself oppressive; for they must not oppress a stranger, and yet might exact usury from him. The performance of the vows wherewith we have bound our souls is here required; and it is a branch of the law of nature,

   Everything gathered on Deuteronomy 23:20→

   Verse page →Original language →

9. Deuteronomy 24:6

   Do not take a pair of millstones or even an upper millstone as security for a debt, because that would be taking one’s livelihood as security.

   ›Commentary on Deuteronomy 24:62 voices

   “Mill-stone - Used in their hand-mills. Under this, he understands all other things necessary to get a livelihood, the taking away whereof is against the laws both of charity and prudence, seeing by those things alone he can be enabled both to subsist and to pay his debts.

   “The nether or the upper mill-stone - Small hand-mills which can be worked by a single person were formerly in use among the Jews, and are still used in many parts of the East. As therefore the day’s meal was generally ground for each day, they keeping no stock beforehand, hence they were forbidden to take either of the stones to pledge, because in such a case the family must be without bread. On this account the text terms the millstone the man’s life.

   Everything gathered on Deuteronomy 24:6→

   Verse page →Original language →

10. Deuteronomy 24:10–13

    When you lend anything to your neighbor, do not enter his house to collect security.

    ›Commentary on Deuteronomy 24:10–131 voice

    “The borrower (says Solomon) is servant to the lender; therefore lest the lender should abuse the advantage he has against him, and improve it for his own interest, it is provided that he shall take not what he pleases, but what the borrower can best spare. A man's house is his castle, even the poor man's house is so, and is here taken under the protection of the law.

    Everything gathered on Deuteronomy 24:10–13→

    Verse page →Original language →

11. Deuteronomy 24:17

    Do not deny justice to the foreigner or the fatherless, and do not take a widow’s cloak as security.

    Verse page →Original language →

12. 2 Kings 4:1

    Now the wife of one of the sons of the prophets cried out to Elisha, “Your servant, my husband, is dead, and you know that your servant feared the LORD. And now his creditor is coming to take my two children as his slaves!”

    ›Commentary on 2 Kings 4:12 voices

    “The creditor is come ... - The Law of Moses, like the Athenian and the Roman law, recognized servitude for debt, and allowed that pledging of the debtor’s person, which, in a rude state of society, is regarded as the safest and the most natural security (see the marginal reference). In the present case it would seem that, so long as the debtor lived, the creditor had not enforced his right over his sons, but now on his death he claimed their services, to which he was by law entitled.

    “Prophets - Who, though they were wholly devoted to sacred employment, were not excluded from marriage, any more than the priests and Levites. Fear the Lord - His poverty therefore was not procured by his idleness, or prodigality; but by his piety, because he would not comply with the king's way of worship, and therefore lost all worldly advantages.

    Everything gathered on 2 Kings 4:1→

    Verse page →Original language →

13. Nehemiah 5:1–13

    About that time there was a great outcry from the people and their wives against their fellow Jews.

    ›Commentary on Nehemiah 5:1–131 voice

    “The condition of the poorer inhabitants was indeed deplorable; for, besides the deficient harvests caused by the great rains (Ezr 10:9; also Hag 1:6-11), a dearth was now threatened by the enemy keeping such a multitude pent up in the city, and preventing the country people bringing in provisions.

    Everything gathered on Nehemiah 5:1–13→

    Verse page →Original language →

14. Job 20:18–20

    He must return the fruit of his labor without consuming it; he cannot enjoy the profits of his trading.

    ›Commentary on Job 20:18–202 voices

    “Image from food which is taken away from one before he can swallow it. restitution--(So Pr 6:31). The parallelism favors the English Version rather than the translation of GESENIUS, "As a possession to be restored in which he rejoices not." he shall not rejoice--His enjoyment of his ill-gotten gains shall then be at an end (Job 20:5).

    “That which he laboureth for shall he restore - I prefer here the reading of the Arabic, which is also supported by the Syriac, and is much nearer to the Hebrew text than the common version. He shall return to labor, but he shall not eat; he shall toil, and not be permitted to enjoy the fruit of his labor. The whole of this verse Mr. Good thus translates: - “To labor shall he return, but he shall not eat. A dearth his recompense: yea, nothing shall he taste.” It may be inquired how Mr. Good arrives at this meaning.

    Everything gathered on Job 20:18–20→

    Verse page →Original language →

15. Job 22:6

    For you needlessly demanded security from your brothers and deprived the naked of their clothing.

    ›Commentary on Job 22:61 voice

    “For thou hast taken a pledge from thy brother for nought,.... It can hardly be thought that it was for nothing at all, on no consideration whatever, or that nothing was lent, for which the pledge was taken; but that it was a small trifling sum, and comparatively nothing, not to be spoken of; or it was borrowed for so short a time, that there needed not any pledge it; and it was unkind to take it, especially of a brother, whether in nature, or in religion, whether a near kinsman, or friend, or neighbour.

    Everything gathered on Job 22:6→

    Verse page →Original language →

16. Job 24:3

    They drive away the donkey of the fatherless and take the widow’s ox in pledge.

    ›Commentary on Job 24:31 voice

    “They drive away the ass of the fatherless - Of the orphan, who cannot protect himself, and whose only property may consist in this useful animal. Injury done to an orphan is always regarded as a crime of special magnitude, for they are unable to protect themselves; see the notes at Job 22:9. They take the widow’s ox for a pledge - See the notes at Job 22:6. The widow was dependent on her ox to till the ground, and hence, the crime of taking it away in pledge for the payment of a debt.

    Everything gathered on Job 24:3→

    Verse page →Original language →