Nahum 3:16
in Nahum 3You have multiplied your merchants more than the stars of the sky. The young locust strips the land and flies away.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of heaven: the canker-worm ravageth, and fleeth away.
KJV
Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of heaven: the cankerworm spoileth, and flieth away.
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This verse in Nahum 3
Commentary
7 notes on this verseThou hast multiplied thy merchants - Like Tyre, this city was a famous resort for merchants; but the multitudes which were there previously to the siege, like the locusts, took the alarm, and fled away.
This site's exposition
Thou hast multiplied thy merchants
on Nahum 3:16-17
Her merchants outnumber the stars, her wealth built on trade across the whole ancient world, and the cankerworm image returns to strip even that away, the insect that spoils and simply flies off with nothing left behind to show for it. Her crowned officials and captains are locusts and grasshoppers camping in the hedges through the cold, gone the moment the sun rises and warms them into flight, leaving no one able to say where they went. The bench reads both verses together as one picture, an empire's apparent abundance and its armed strength alike proving to have no more staying power than an insect swarm.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
(Verse 13 onwards) Behold, your people, women in your midst: the gates of your land will be opened wide to your enemies: fire will devour your bars. Draw water for the siege: build your fortifications, go into the mud, and trample: force the brick. There the fire will consume you; you will perish by the sword, you will be devoured like the chigoe: gather therefore like the chigoe: multiply like the locust. You have made more deals than there are stars in the sky: the chigoe has spread out and flown away.
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
Note, It is rare to find even those that have shared with us in our joys willing to share with us in our griefs too. The canker-worms will continue upon the field while there is any thing to be had, but they are gone when all is gone.
Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of heaven,....
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
Nineveh, by large canals, had easy access to Babylon; and it was one of the great routes for the people of the west and northwest to that city; lying on the Tigris it had access to the sea. The Phœnicians carried its wares everywhere. Hence its merchandise is so much spoken of. the cankerworm spoileth, and fleeth away--that is, spoiled thy merchants.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-curly-quotes
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of heaven - Not numerous only but glorious in the eyes of the world, and, as thou deemest, safe and inaccessible; yet in an instant all is gone. The commerce of Nineveh was carried back to prehistoric times, since its rivers bound together the mountains of Armenia with the Persian gulf, and marked out the line, by which the distant members of the human family should supply each others’ needs. “Semiramis” they say , “built other cities on the Euphrates and the Tigris, where she placed emporia for those who convey their goods from Media and Paraetacene. Being mighty rivers and passing through a populous country, they yield many advantages to those employed in commerce; so that the places by the river are full of wealthy emporia.” The Phoenicians traced back their Assyrian commerce (and as it seems, truly) to those same prehistoric times, in which they alleged, that they themselves migrated from the Persian gulf. They commenced at once, they said , the long voyages, in which they transported the wares of Egypt and Assyria. The building of “Tadmor in the wilderness” 1Ki 9:18 on the way to Tiphsach (Thapsacus) the utmost bound of Solomon’s dominions (1Ki 5:4 1Ki 4:24), connected Palestine with that commerce. The great route for couriers and for traffic, extending for 1,500 or 1,600 miles in later times, must have lain through Nineveh, since, although no mention is made of the city which had perished, the route lay across the two rivers , the greater and lesser Zab, of which the greater formed the Southern limit of Nineveh. Those two rivers led up to two mountain-passes which opened a way to Media and Agbatana; and pillars at the summit of the N. pass attest the use of this route over the Zagros chain about 700 b.c. . […]
The words behind it
7 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| הִרְבֵּית֙ | hirbeit | you have increased | H7235 → | |
| רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְ | rokhelayikh | traders your | H7402 → | |
| מִכּוֹכְבֵ֖י | mikokhvei | more than [the] stars of | H3556 → | |
| הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם | hashamayim | the heavens | H8064 → | |
| יֶ֥לֶק | yelek | a locust | H3218 → | 9 times |
| פָּשַׁ֖ט | pashat | it strips off | H6584 → | |
| וַיָּעֹֽף׃ | vaiyaof | and it flew away | H5774 → |
הִרְבֵּית֙you have increased
hirbeitH7235 →
רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְtraders your
rokhelayikhH7402 →
מִכּוֹכְבֵ֖יmore than [the] stars of
mikokhveiH3556 →
הַשָּׁמָ֑יִםthe heavens
hashamayimH8064 →
יֶ֥לֶקa locust
yelekH3218 →9 times
פָּשַׁ֖טit strips off
pashatH6584 →
וַיָּעֹֽף׃and it flew away
vaiyaofH5774 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Genesis 22:17I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies.
it leads to
- Genesis 15:5
And the LORD took him outside and said, “Now look to the heavens and count the stars, if you are able.” Then He told him, “So shall your offspring be.”
Reached by 3 separate paths from here.
- Genesis 24:60
And they blessed Rebekah and said to her, “Our sister, may you become the mother of thousands upon thousands. May your offspring possess the gates of their enemies.”
- Jeremiah 33:22
As the hosts of heaven cannot be counted and as the sand on the seashore cannot be measured, so too will I multiply the descendants of My servant David and the Levites who minister…
- Genesis 26:4
I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky, and I will give them all these lands, and through your offspring all nations of the earth will be blessed,
- Psalms 2:8–9
Ask Me, and I will make the nations Your inheritance, the ends of the earth Your possession.
- Genesis 15:5
Through
Genesis 15:5And the LORD took him outside and said, “Now look to the heavens and count the stars, if you are able.” Then He told him, “So shall your offspring be.”
it leads to
- Hebrews 11:12
And so from one man, and he as good as dead, came descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and as countless as the sand on the seashore.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Genesis 22:17
I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies.
Reached by 3 separate paths from here.
- Romans 4:18
Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations, just as he had been told, “So shall your offspring be.”
- Hebrews 11:12
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies2
About Nahum
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Nahum; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
