Genesis 10:3
in Genesis 10The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
KJV
And the sons of Gomer; Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
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This verse in Genesis 10
Commentary
5 notes on this verseAshkenaz - Probably gave his name to Sacagena, a very excellent province of Armenia. Pliny mentions a people called Ascanitici, who dwelt about the Tanais and the Palus Maeotis; and some suppose that from Ashkenaz the Euxine Sea derived its name, but others suppose that from him the Germans derived their origin. Riphath - Or Diphath, the founder of the Paphlagonians, which were anciently called Riphataei. Togarmah - The Sauromates, or inhabitants of Turcomania. See the reasons in Calmet.
This site's exposition
The sons of Japheth
on Genesis 10:2-4
Japheth's line is taken first, though verse 1 names him last. Ezekiel 38:2 and 6 name Magog, Meshech, Tubal, Gomer and Togarmah again in the oracle against Gog. Noah had asked God to expand the territory of Japheth at 9:27, and this list counts that expansion out, clearing the outer nations before the story narrows.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
(Verse 3) The sons of Gomer are Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. The Greeks call Ashkenaz 'Reginos', Riphath is the ancestor of the Paphlagonians, and Togarmah is the ancestor of the Phrygians.
The Medieval Church1 voice
Furthermore, the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. Ashkenaz are the Sarmatians whom the Greeks call the Medes. Riphath the Paphlagonians, Togarmah the Phrygians.
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
And the sons of Gomer,....
The words behind it
5 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וּבְנֵ֖י | uvenei | and [the] sons of | H1121 → | 4930 times |
| גֹּ֑מֶר | gomer | Gomer | H1586 → | |
| אַשְׁכֲּנַ֥ז | ʾashkanaz | [were] Ashkenaz | H813 → | |
| וְרִיפַ֖ת | verifat | and Riphath | H7384 → | |
| וְתֹגַרְמָֽה׃ | vetogarmah | and Togarmah | H8425 → |
וּבְנֵ֖יand [the] sons of
uveneiH1121 →4930 times
גֹּ֑מֶרGomer
gomerH1586 →
אַשְׁכֲּנַ֥ז[were] Ashkenaz
ʾashkanazH813 →
וְרִיפַ֖תand Riphath
verifatH7384 →
וְתֹגַרְמָֽה׃and Togarmah
vetogarmahH8425 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
6 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Jeremiah 51:27“Raise a banner in the land! Blow the ram’s horn among the nations! Prepare the nations against her. Summon the kingdoms against her—Ararat, Minni, and Ashkenaz. Appoint a captain against her; bring up horses…
it leads to
- 1 Chronicles 1:6
The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Genesis 8:4
On the seventeenth day of the seventh month, the ark came to rest on the mountains of Ararat.
- Jeremiah 25:14
For many nations and great kings will enslave them, and I will repay them according to their deeds and according to the work of their hands.’”
- Jeremiah 51:12
Raise a banner against the walls of Babylon; post the guard; station the watchmen; prepare the ambush. For the LORD has both devised and accomplished what He spoke against the people of Babylon.
- Jeremiah 50:2
“Announce and declare to the nations; lift up a banner and proclaim it; hold nothing back when you say, ‘Babylon is captured; Bel is put to shame; Marduk is shattered, her images are disgraced,…
- 1 Chronicles 1:6
Through
Ezekiel 27:14The men of Beth-togarmah exchanged horses, war horses, and mules for your wares.
it leads to
- Ezekiel 38:6
as well as Gomer with all its troops, and Beth-togarmah from the far north with all its troops—the many nations with you.
- Ezekiel 38:6
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Genesis
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Bede, Commentary on Genesis (Hexaemeron); Jerome, Hebrew Questions on Genesis; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament and John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763).