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Psalms 19:4

in Psalms 19

their voice has gone out into all the earth, their words to the ends of the world. In the heavens He has pitched a tent for the sun.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Their line is gone out through all the earth, And their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun,

KJV

Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun,

This verse in Psalms 19

Commentary

22 notes on this verse

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON THE GOSPEL OF LUKE 6:9 · Written before 253.

Behold the Lord's greatness. "The sound of his teaching has gone out into every land." Our Lord Jesus has been spread out to the whole world, because he is God's power.… The power of the Lord and Savior is with those who are in Britain, separated from our world, and with those who are in Mauretania and with everyone under the sun who has believed in his name. Behold the Savior's greatness. It extends to all the world.

This site's exposition

Without speech or language

on Psalms 19:3-4

There is no sound to be heard, and the voice still reaches all the earth. Paul quotes this line at Romans 10:18, answering whether they have heard. In the heavens a tent is pitched for the sun.

This site's exposition

their voice has gone out

The Hebrew word behind voice is qav, a line. Albert Barnes traced it from a measuring line to the string of a lyre, and so to a sound, as the Septuagint read it. Charles Spurgeon took the line as the measure of the domain of the heavens.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

354–430

Exposition on Psalm 19 · Written before 430.

proposed

"Their sound is gone out into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world" [Psalm 19:4].

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

Exposition on Psalm 19 · Written before 430.

proposed

"Their sound is gone out into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world" [Psalm 19:4].

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

HOMILIES ON 1 JOHN 1:2 · Written before 430.

proposed

The sun's maker could only be seen by the sun's light, because he "set his tabernacle in the sun." He who was before the sun that he made, before the day star and all stars, before all angels, the true Creator (for all things were made by him, and without him was nothing made), that he might be seen by the eyes of flesh that see the sun, set his own tabernacle in the sun—showed his flesh in manifestation by this light.

A commentator

Gregory of Nyssa

ANSWER TO EUNOMIUS' SECOND BOOK · Written before 395.

proposed

Yet how can such declaring and showing forth be other than words, and how is it that no voice addresses itself to the ear? Is the prophet contradicting himself, or is he stating an impossibility, when he speaks of words without sound, and declaration without language, and announcement without voice? or, is there not rather the very perfection of truth in his teaching, which tells us, in the words which I have quoted, that the declaration of the heavens, and the word shouted forth by the day, is no articulate voice nor language of the lips, but is a revelation of the power of God to those who are capable of hearing it, even though no voice be heard?… The very heavens, he says, in displaying the wisdom of Him Who made them, all but shout aloud with a voice, and, though without voice, proclaim the wisdom of their Creator. For we can hear as it were words teaching us: "O men, when ye gaze upon us and behold our beauty and magnitude, and this ceaseless revolution, with its well-ordered and harmonious motion, working in the same direction and in the same manner, turn your thoughts to Him Who presides over our system, and, by aid of the beauty which you see, imagine to yourselves the beauty of the invisible Archetype. For in us there is nothing without its Lord, nothing that moves of its own proper motion: but all that appears, or that is conceivable in respect to us, depends on a Power Who is inscrutable and sublime." This is not given in articulate speech, but by the things which are seen, and it instils into our minds the knowledge of Divine power more than if speech proclaimed it with a voice.

A commentator

Arnobius the Younger

COMMENTARY ON THE PSALMS 19 · Written before 460.

proposed

The Lord placed his own tabernacle in the sun. Not in that sun that, by arranging the days, directs the measure of the hours according to the seasons, but "the sun of righteousness," which, having been brought forth from the virginal womb in the splendor …
14 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers3 voices

A commentator

Diodorus of Tarsus

COMMENTARY ON PSALM 19 · Written before 390.

proposed

The voices of visible creation … are equally clear to everyone, both Greeks and barbarians, giving everyone the one message, that they were made by someone and do not exist of themselves.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

ON PROVIDENCE 5:2 · Written before 407.

proposed

The providence of God is clearer than the sun and its rays. On every occasion and in every place you will see clear and abundant evidence of this providence—in the desert, on cultivated and uncultivated land, on land and sea, wherever you go. This evidence is old and new. Voices are raised from every side that sound more clearly than the voices of our reason, and they tell of God's care to one who wishes to hear.… Our tongue is known only to those who share our language, not to those of other tongues; but the voice of creation is audible to all peoples who dwell in the inhabited world. Those of good judgment regard as sufficient God's proclamation, without the demonstration of deeds. It reveals not only his providence but also his abundant love for us; for he does not merely take thought for us but is also our lover, and he loves us boundlessly with an inconceivable love. It is a love that knows no emotion, but it is most warm and intense, noble, insoluble, unquenchable.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 9:5 · Written before 407.

proposed

… the Scythian, and Barbarian, and Indian, and Egyptian, and every man that walks upon the earth, shall hear this voice; for not by means of the ears, but through the sight, it reaches our understanding. And of the things that are seen, there is one uniform perception; and there is no difference, as is the case with respect to languages. Upon this volume the unlearned, as well as the wise man, shall be alike able to look; the poor man as well as the rich man; and wherever any one may chance to come, there looking upwards towards the heavens, he will receive a sufficient lesson from the view of them: and the prophet himself intimated and indicated this fact, that the creation utters this voice so as to be intelligible to barbarians, and to Greeks, and to all mankind without exception, when he spoke on this wise; "There is no speech, nor language, where their voice is not heard." What he means is to this effect, that there is no nation or tongue which is unable to understand this language; but that such is their utterance, that it may be heard of all mankind.

The Medieval Church3 voices

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Exposition on the Psalms of David · Written before 1274.

proposed

"In the sun." Above, the Psalmist made mention of the heavens; and here, to show the praise of the Creator, he treats of the sun. And just as by the heavens the apostles are understood, so by the sun Christ is understood: Mal. 4: "To …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 13 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

Concerning the second allegory, about the blessed Virgin Mary, it is said in the Psalm: "He has pitched a tent there for the sun." Wherefore she is "as beautiful as the moon, as resplendent as the sun, as awe-inspiring as bannered troops." Hence she is …

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Exposition on the Psalms of David · Written before 1274.

proposed

Likewise, an impediment to teaching is the diversity and remoteness of place, because teaching sometimes does not reach remote parts; but it is not so with this teaching, because "Their sound has gone forth into all the earth," namely of the heavens, or of the …

The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

): There is no speech nor language (no nation, for the nations were divided after their tongues, Gen. x. 31, 32 ) where their voice is not heard. Their line has gone through all the earth (the equinoctial line, suppose) and with it their words to the end of the world, proclaiming the eternal power of God of nature,

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

Line - Their lines, the singular number being put for the plural. And this expression is very proper, because the heavens do not teach men audibly, or by speaking to their ears, but visibly by propounding things to their eyes, which is done in lines or writings.
Their line is gone out through all the earth,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

In singing these verses we must give God the glory of all the comfort and benefit we have by the lights of the heaven, still looking above and beyond them to the Sun of righteousness. The Excellency of the Scriptures. 7 The law of the L ORD is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the L ORD is sure, making wise the simple.

The Nineteenth Century4 voices

Their line - That is, of the heavens. The word used here - קו qav - means properly a cord, or line: (a) a measuring line, Eze 47:3; Job 38:5; Isa 44:13; and then (b) a cord or string as of a lyre or other instrument of music; and hence, a sound. So it is rendered here by the Septuagint, φθόγγος phthongos. By Symmachus, ἦχος ēchos. By the Vulgate, sonus. DeWette renders it Klang, sound. Prof.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

Paul (Ro 10:8), quoting from the Septuagint, uses "sound," which gives the same sense. The sun, as the most glorious heavenly body, is specially used to illustrate the sentiment; and his vigorous, cheerful, daily, and extensive course, and his reviving heat (including light), well display the wondrous wisdom of his Maker.

A commentator

Charles Spurgeon

1834–1892

The Treasury of David, Vol. 1 (1869)

proposed

"Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world." Although the heavenly bodies move in solemn silence, yet in reason's ear they utter precious teachings. They give forth no literal words, but yet their instruction is clear enough to be so described. Horne says that the phrase employed indicates a language of signs, and thus we are told that the heavens speak by their significant actions and operations. Nature's words are like those of the deaf and dumb, but grace tells us plainly of the Father.

A commentator

Charles Spurgeon

1834–1892

The Treasury of David, Vol. 1 (1869)

proposed

"Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world." Although the heavenly bodies move in solemn silence, yet in reason's ear they utter precious teachings. They give forth no literal words, but yet their instruction is clear enough to be so described. Horne says that the phrase employed indicates a language of signs, and thus we are told that the heavens speak by their significant actions and operations. Nature's words are like those of the deaf and dumb, but grace tells us plainly of the Father. By their line is probably meant the measure of their domain which, together with their testimony, has gone out to the utmost end of the habitable earth. No man living beneath the copes of heaven dwells beyond the bounds of the diocese of God's Court- preachers; it is easy to escape from the light of ministers, who are as stars in the right hand of the Son of Man; but even then men, with a conscience yet unseared, will find a Nathan to accuse them, a Jonah to warn them, and an Elijah to threaten them in the silent stars of night. To gracious souls the voices of the heavens are more influential far, they feel the sweet influences of the Pleiades, and are drawn towards their Father God by the bright bands of Orion. "In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun." In the heavens the sun encamps, and marches like a mighty monarch on his glorious way. He has no fixed abode, but as a traveler pitches and removes his tent, a tent which will soon be taken down and rolled together as a scroll. As the royal pavilion stood in the centre of the host, so the sun in his place appears like a king in the midst of attendant stars.

The words behind it

11 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • בְּכָל־in all

    bekholH3605 →5413 times

  • הָאָ֨רֶץ׀the earth

    haaretzH776 →2504 times

  • יָ֘צָ֤אit has gone out

    yatza'H3318 →1067 times

  • קַוָּ֗םline their

    kavamH6957 →

  • וּבִקְצֵ֣הand at [the] end of

    uviktzehH7097 →97 times

  • תֵ֭בֵל[the] world

    tevelH8398 →36 times

  • מִלֵּיהֶ֑םwords their

    mileihemH4405 →

  • לַ֝שֶּׁ֗מֶשׁfor the sun

    lashemeshH8121 →134 times

  • שָֽׂם־he has put

    sam-H7760 →584 times

  • אֹ֥הֶלa tent

    ʾohelH168 →345 times

  • בָּהֶֽם׃in them

    bahem

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Malachi 4:2

    “But for you who fear My name, the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings, and you will go out and leap like calves from the stall.

    it leads to

    • Jeremiah 33:6

      Nevertheless, I will bring to it health and healing, and I will heal its people and reveal to them the abundance of peace and truth.

    • Psalms 84:11

      For the LORD God is a sun and a shield; the LORD gives grace and glory; He withholds no good thing from those who walk with integrity.

    • Isaiah 30:26

      The light of the moon will be as bright as the sun, and the light of the sun will be seven times brighter—like the light of seven days—on the day that the LORD binds…

    • Luke 1:78

      because of the tender mercy of our God, by which the Dawn will visit us from on high,

    • John 8:12

      Once again, Jesus spoke to the people and said, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows Me will never walk in the darkness, but will have the light of life.”

  • Through

    Romans 10:18

    But I ask, did they not hear? Indeed they did: “Their voice has gone out into all the earth, their words to the ends of the world.”

    it leads to

    • Matthew 24:14

      And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in all the world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.

    • Romans 1:8

      First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, because your faith is being proclaimed all over the world.

  • Through

    Psalms 104:2

    He wraps Himself in light as with a garment; He stretches out the heavens like a tent,

    it leads to

    • Isaiah 40:22

      He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth; its dwellers are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a curtain, and spreads them out like a tent to dwell in.

Where this verse is studied

What the record shows

1 entry
◈Paul's use of Psalm 19:4 in Romans 10:18contested

Paul quotes Psalm 19:4 — "their line is gone out through all the earth" — in Romans 10:18, applying the heavens' silent witness to the preached gospel. This is the hinge of the natural-versus-special-revelation question.

The case against it

The quotation is real and near-verbatim from the Septuagint, and it is the hinge the gospel-in-the-stars argument tries to turn. Psalm 19:4 says of the heavens "Their line is gone out through all the earth", and Paul renders it "Their sound went out into all the earth" (Romans 10:18, ASV) while arguing about gospel proclamation - so does the sky preach the gospel? Read in context it points the other way. Paul's argument in Romans 10 runs from verse 17 - faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ - so the Psalm 19 line is applied to the PREACHED word going everywhere, not to a message legible in the constellations (Beale and Carson, Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament, 2007).

The whole register →

About Psalms

The Starry Night. Vincent van Gogh, 1889. Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
The Starry Night. Vincent van Gogh, 1889. Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
This page draws on 19 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Psalms; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Arnobius the Younger, COMMENTARY ON THE PSALMS 19; Augustine of Hippo, Exposition on Psalm 19; Augustine of Hippo, HOMILIES ON 1 JOHN 1:2; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 13; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David; Charles Spurgeon, The Treasury of David, Vol. 1; Diodorus of Tarsus, COMMENTARY ON PSALM 19; Gregory of Nyssa, ANSWER TO EUNOMIUS' SECOND BOOK; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, ON PROVIDENCE 5:2; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES CONCERNING THE STATUES 9:5; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON THE GOSPEL OF LUKE 6:9 and Thomas Aquinas, Exposition on the Psalms of David.