Exodus 11:10
in Exodus 11Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and Jehovah hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
KJV
And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
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This verse in Exodus 11
Commentary
6 notes on this verseThis site's exposition
Pharaoh will not listen to you
on Exodus 11:9-10
God announces the hardening at 4:21 and 7:3. The first five plagues put the act on Pharaoh, and from 9:12 the LORD is the subject.
This site's exposition
Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh
Verse 10 sums up every wonder Moses and Aaron did before Pharaoh, from the first plague to the ninth. The clause on the hardened heart repeats 10:20 almost exactly. John Wesley reads the long order of plagues as the LORD's slowness to wrath, with lighter judgments tried first.
The record, by era
The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices
Moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people. The high favour Moses and Israel were in with God. Moses was a favourite of Heaven, for God will not hide from him the thing he will do.
quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-run:26w-of-54
), that Moses did all these wonders, as they are here related, before Pharaoh (he himself was an eye-witness of them), and yet he could not prevail, which was a certain sign that God himself had, in a way of righteous judgment, hardened his heart.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens
The death of the first-born had been threatened, chap. iv, 23, but is last executed, and less judgments tried, which, if they had done the work, would have prevented this. See how slow God is to wrath, and how willing to be met in the way of his judgments, and to have his anger turned away! That sitteth upon his throne - That is to set.
And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, Which are related in the preceding chapters: and the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart: one time after another, and yet more and more: so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land; until the last plague, the slaying of the firstborn, was brought upon him and his people, related in the following chapter.
The words behind it
20 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה | umosheh | and Moses | H4872 → | 765 times |
| וְאַהֲרֹ֗ן | veaharon | and Aaron | H175 → | 347 times |
| עָשׂ֛וּ | ʾasu | they did | H6213 → | 2628 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| כָּל־ | kol- | all | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| הַמֹּפְתִ֥ים | hamofetim | the wonders | H4159 → | 36 times |
| הָאֵ֖לֶּה | haeleh | <the> these | H428 → | 746 times |
| לִפְנֵ֣י | lifnei | <to> before | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| פַרְעֹ֑ה | faroh | Pharaoh | H6547 → | 274 times |
| וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק | vaychazek | and he made strong | H2388 → | 291 times |
| יְהוָה֙ | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| לֵ֣ב | lev | [the] heart of | H3820 → | 595 times |
| פַּרְעֹ֔ה | paroh | Pharaoh | H6547 → | 274 times |
| וְלֹֽא־ | velo'- | and not | H3808 → | 5168 times |
| שִׁלַּ֥ח | shilach | he let go | H7971 → | 845 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| בְּנֵֽי־ | benei- | [the] people of | H1121 → | 4930 times |
| יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | yisrael | Israel | H3478 → | 2507 times |
| מֵאַרְצֽוֹ׃ פ | meartzo | from land his | H776 → | 2504 times |
וּמֹשֶׁ֣הand Moses
umoshehH4872 →765 times
וְאַהֲרֹ֗ןand Aaron
veaharonH175 →347 times
עָשׂ֛וּthey did
ʾasuH6213 →2628 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
כָּל־all
kol-H3605 →5413 times
הַמֹּפְתִ֥יםthe wonders
hamofetimH4159 →36 times
הָאֵ֖לֶּה<the> these
haelehH428 →746 times
לִפְנֵ֣י<to> before
lifneiH6440 →2123 times
פַרְעֹ֑הPharaoh
farohH6547 →274 times
וַיְחַזֵּ֤קand he made strong
vaychazekH2388 →291 times
יְהוָה֙Yahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
לֵ֣ב[the] heart of
levH3820 →595 times
פַּרְעֹ֔הPharaoh
parohH6547 →274 times
וְלֹֽא־and not
velo'-H3808 →5168 times
שִׁלַּ֥חhe let go
shilachH7971 →845 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
בְּנֵֽי־[the] people of
benei-H1121 →4930 times
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsrael
yisraelH3478 →2507 times
מֵאַרְצֽוֹ׃ פfrom land his
meartzoH776 →2504 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Romans 9:22What if God, intending to show His wrath and make His power known, bore with great patience the vessels of His wrath, prepared for destruction?
it leads to
- Proverbs 16:4
The LORD has made everything for His purpose—even the wicked for the day of disaster.
- Jude 1:4
For certain men have crept in among you unnoticed—ungodly ones who were designated long ago for condemnation. They turn the grace of our God into a license for immorality, and they deny our only…
- Romans 9:21
Does not the potter have the right to make from the same lump of clay one vessel for special occasions and another for common use?
- 1 Peter 2:8
and, “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense.” They stumble because they disobey the word—and to this they were appointed.
- Proverbs 16:4
Through
Exodus 4:21The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that…
it leads to
- Romans 9:18
Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Exodus 14:8
And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out defiantly.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Exodus 9:12
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Romans 9:18
Through
Exodus 10:20But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go.
it leads to
- Exodus 4:21
The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that…
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Exodus 4:21
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies1
About Exodus
Who and where
2 names in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and R.C. Sproul, Chosen by God.