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Cyril of Alexandria

A patriarch whose early years in office were genuinely violent, and whose defense of the one Christ shaped every council that came after him.

Summary

This site quotes Cyril of Alexandria 632 times across 25 books, and lists 0 works.

  • Lived died 444.
  • Quoted here most in John: 328 of 632.
Cyril of Alexandria. Painted by Ted. The file is marked cc by-sa 2.0. This site's record does not give the artist's death year, which is what settles the painting's own rights. The file record

Cyril of Alexandria

Lived
died 444
Tradition
Patristic

5 of 632 quotations

Own words

Quoted in full, because Cyril of Alexandria died in 444 and these works are out of copyright. Each citation below names its edition and its year. A citation naming a modernised text means that edition makes its own editorial changes, and that edition's terms are not in this site's record.

The fact that the world should have been offended because of Christ, after the increase in the flocks of believers, and that it, excited by its anger, would have reacted, does not need to be confirmed with a long speech.

GLAPHYRA ON Genesis, 5.5, 444

The rest of the quotation

Just see how Laban, together with his sons, pursued Jacob, who was running away, and recalled him. Christ himself, in a sense, departed from the world with his brides, that is, the churches, and moved out with the entire household by spiritually addressing his companions with these words: "Arise, let us go from here."

Genesis 31:21 So he fled with all his possessions, crossed the Euphrates, and headed for the hill country of Gilead. BSB

This forecasts the coming of the Savior and our redemption by his coming. It also foretells the granting of riches to those who believe in him.… Concerning that which is new, that is, the church, it may be fittingly said that it is the daughter…

COMMENTARY ON ISAIAH 5:5.62:11-12, 444

The rest of the quotation

of Zion.… For whom does he order to proclaim good news to Zion? Those holy spiritual guides, of course, who took on the leadership role in the church and whose job it was to open the gates and to remove the stones from their midst. And what were they to announce?

Isaiah 62:11 Behold, the LORD has proclaimed to the ends of the earth, “Say to Daughter Zion: See, your Savior comes! Look, His reward is with Him, and His recompense goes before Him.” BSB

But perhaps you say that the outcome of these matters grieves you not moderately. Will there then be an affliction in a city, perchance, which the Lord has not done?

Commentary on Amos, 444

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It is like as if one should say: Will there then be anyone among men able to afflict a city either with diseases or sieges or destructions of crops or even in some other such way? But if no one of men could do such things, and it lies rather in the authority and power of God, why are you angry with those who announce it beforehand?

Amos 3:6 If a ram’s horn sounds in a city, do the people not tremble? If calamity comes to a city, has not the LORD caused it? BSB

The divine nature of the only begotten Son was already scorching the demons in unspeakable flames. Christ was shutting up the fiercest demons in blocked roads. He was undoing the devil's tyranny. "You have come before the time," they cried out.

FRAGMENT 101, 444

The rest of the quotation

For they knew from the Scriptures that Christ was going to come and would judge them. Treating the incarnation as if it had happened at the wrong time, they pled that he had come in an untimely way. This misrepresentation is not surprising. In their deceptiveness, they did not hesitate to say even this.

Matthew 8:28–29 When Jesus arrived on the other side in the region of the Gadarenes, He was met by two demon-possessed men coming from the tombs. They were so violent that no one could pass that way. “What do You want with us, Son of God?” they shouted. “Have You come here to torture us before the appointed time?” BSB

Peter did not say "you are a Christ" or "a son of God" but "the Christ, the Son of God." For there are many christs by grace, who have attained the rank of adoption [as sons], but [there is] only one who is by nature…

FRAGMENT 190, 444

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the Son of God. Thus, using the definite article, he said, the Christ, the Son of God. And in calling him Son of the living God, Peter indicates that Christ himself is life and that death has no authority over him.

Matthew 16:16 Simon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” BSB

Influence, on the record

The life, in order

The life told as one accountfrom this site's record

Cyril was born in Egypt about 376 and raised for the church by his uncle Theophilus, the patriarch of Alexandria. When Theophilus died in 412, Cyril succeeded him after three days of street fighting between rival factions. He held the see for thirty-two years. His early years in office were violent, and the record should be stated plainly. He closed the churches of the Novatianists and seized their goods. After a riot, the Jewish community of Alexandria — ancient, large, and long established — was driven out of the city. He quarreled bitterly with Orestes, the imperial prefect. In 415 the philosopher Hypatia, a friend of Orestes, was dragged from her carriage by a mob and murdered in a church. Socrates Scholasticus, a contemporary historian hostile to Cyril, lays the atmosphere at his door; no source proves he ordered it. Both facts belong in the account. The work he is honored for began in 428, when Nestorius became bishop of Constantinople and objected to calling Mary Theotokos, the God-bearer. Nestorius preferred Christ-bearer, holding that the title as used made God the subject of birth. Cyril saw what was underneath the word: if the one born of Mary is not God the Son himself, then the one who died on the cross is not God the Son himself, and the incarnation dissolves into a partnership between a divine person and a human one. He wrote to Nestorius, to the monks of Egypt, to Rome, to the emperor and empresses. He drew up Twelve Anathemas that even his allies found hard. At the Council of Ephesus in 431 he presided, opened the council before the Syrian bishops arrived, and had Nestorius deposed. The Antiochenes arrived and deposed Cyril in return. It took the emperor, imprisonment, enormous bribes to the court, and two years of negotiation before Cyril and John of Antioch signed the Formula of Reunion in 433 — Cyril accepting language about two natures he had resisted, and John accepting Theotokos. Underneath the politics is a vast body of exegesis. Cyril wrote commentaries on John, Luke, Isaiah, the Twelve Prophets and the Pentateuch, an enormous refutation of the emperor Julian's attack on Christianity, and On the Unity of Christ. His single sentence — that in Christ God the Word made a human life his own — is the foundation Chalcedon built on twenty years after his death. He died in 444. Rome named him a Doctor of the Church in 1882; the Coptic and Orthodox churches have honored him as the Pillar of the Faith without interruption. Sources: The Acts of the Council of Ephesus; Socrates Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, book VII; Cyril of Alexandria, On the Unity of Christ; Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. III.

632 quotations across 25 books

Where this voice is quoted

Luke 19:48Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

Yet they could not find a way to do so, because all the people hung on His words.

But the people held Christ in far higher estimation than the Scribes and Pharisees, and chiefs of the Jews, who not receiving the faith of Christ themselves, rebuked others.

Luke 20:1–2COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 132 (444)

One day as Jesus was teaching the people in the temple courts and proclaiming the gospel, the chief priests and scribes, together with the elders, came up to Him.

For the Saviour Himself reproached them, saying, "And to you, lawyers, woe! for you have taken away the key of knowledge: you enter not in yourselves, and those that are entering in you have hindered."

Luke 20:10–12COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 134 (444)

At harvest time, he sent a servant to the tenants to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard.

He went away, but plainly he cared for his farm and kept it in his mind. He sent faithful servants to them at three different times to receive produce or fruit from the tillers of the vineyard.

Luke 20:13–15COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 134 (444)

‘What shall I do?’ asked the owner of the vineyard. ‘I will send my beloved son. Perhaps they will respect him.’

But the lord of the vineyard considers with himself, saying, "What shall I do?" And we must carefully examine in what sense he says this. Does then the householder use these words because he had no more servants?

Luke 20:17Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

But Jesus looked directly at them and said, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’?

But holy Scripture compares to a corner the meeting together of the two nations, the Jew and the Gentile, into one faith. (1 Pet. 2:7. Eph. 2:20.)

Luke 20:19COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 135 (444)

When the scribes and chief priests realized that Jesus had spoken this parable against them, they sought to arrest Him that very hour. But they were afraid of the people.

Again the gang of Pharisees is inflamed with unbridled rage. They draw the bow of their envy. They grind their teeth at him who calls them to life.

Luke 20:20COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 135 (444)

So they watched Him closely and sent spies who pretended to be sincere.

These bold and hardhearted men, being ready for only evil, do not entertain a good purpose, but with their mind full of the craftiness of the devil, they commit themselves to wicked plans.

Luke 20:21–22COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 135 (444)

“Teacher,” they inquired, “we know that You speak and teach correctly. You show no partiality, but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth.

What do they say? "Teacher, we know that you speak and teach rightly, nor do you accept persons but teach the way of God in truth. Is it lawful for us to give tribute to Caesar, or not?" O what polluted dishonesty!

Luke 20:34–36COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 136 (444)

Jesus answered, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage.

Let us also see what Christ said to them. He says, "The children of this world that lead worldly, fleshly lives full of fleshly lust marry and are married for the procreation of children.

Luke 20:36Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

In fact, they can no longer die, because they are like the angels. And since they are sons of the resurrection, they are sons of God.

For as the multitude of the angels is indeed very great, yet they are not propagated by generation, but have their being from creation, so also to those who rise again, there is no more necessity for marriage; as it follows, And are the children…

Luke 20:37–38COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 136 (444)

Even Moses demonstrates that the dead are raised, in the passage about the burning bush.

The Savior also demonstrated the great ignorance of the Sadducees by bringing forward their own leader Moses, who was clearly acquainted with the resurrection of the dead.

Luke 20:45–47COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 137 (444)

In the hearing of all the people, Jesus said to His disciples, “Beware of the scribes.

To keep the company of the holy disciples free from disgraceful faults, he usefully testifies. He says, "Beware of the scribes and Pharisees."

Luke 21:3–4Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

“Truly I tell you,” He said, “this poor widow has put in more than all the others.

She offered two oboli, which with the sweat of her brow she had earned for her daily living, or what she daily begs for at the hands of others she gives to God, showing that her poverty is fruitful to her.

Luke 21:13Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

This will be your opportunity to serve as witnesses.

It follows, And it shall turn to you for a testimony. In the Greek it is εἰς μαρτύριον, that is, for the glory of martyrdom.

Luke 21:37–38COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 140 (444)

Every day Jesus taught at the temple, but every evening He went out to spend the night on the Mount of Olives.

The crowd of the Jews and their ruler stood up against the glory of Christ and argued with the Lord of all.

Luke 22:7COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 141 (444)

Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed.

By its shadows, the law prefigured from of old the mystery of Christ. He is himself the witness of this when he said to the Jews, "If you would have believed Moses, you would have also believed me, for he wrote concerning me."

Luke 22:13COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 141 (444)

So they went and found it just as Jesus had told them. And they prepared the Passover.

When then the disciples had prepared the passover, Christ ate it with them, being long-suffering towards the traitor, and deigning to admit him to the table from His infinite loving-kindness: for he was already a traitor, because Satan was lodging within him.

Luke 22:15–16COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 141 (444)

And He said to them, “I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before My suffering.

He says, "I will no longer come near to such a Pascha as this," one that consisted in the typical eating.

Luke 22:20COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 142 (444)

In the same way, after supper He took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood, which is poured out for you.

By uniting flesh that was subject to death to himself, the Word being God and life drove corruption away from it. Christ also made it to be the source of life.

Luke 22:27COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 143 (444)

For who is greater, the one who reclines at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who reclines?

In the passage that has just been read, Christ says, "For which is the chief, he that reclines at table, or he that serves? Is it not he that reclines? But I am in the midst of you as he that serves."

Luke 22:30Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

so that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

By means of the things of our present life He describes spiritual things. For they exercise a high privilege with earthly kings, who sit at their table as guests.

Luke 22:38Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

So they said, “Look, Lord, here are two swords.” “That is enough,” He answered.

These things then God prophesied concerning what should befall the country of the Jews, but the disciples understood not the depth of His words, thinking they had need of swords against the coming attack of the traitor.

Luke 22:39–40COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 146 (444)

Jesus went out as usual to the Mount of Olives, and the disciples followed Him.

The Savior stayed in Jerusalem during the day, evidently teaching the Israelites and revealing to them the way of the kingdom of heaven. When the evening came, he continued with the holy disciples on the Mount of Olives at a spot called Gethsemane.

Luke 22:41Catena Aurea by Aquinas (444)

And He withdrew about a stone’s throw beyond them, where He knelt down and prayed,

But not to do good by words only, He went forward a little and prayed; as it follows, And he was withdrawn from them about a stone's cast.

Luke 22:49–51COMMENTARY ON LUKE, HOMILY 148 (444)

Those around Jesus saw what was about to happen and said, “Lord, should we strike with our swords?”

The blessed disciples, wounded with the prodding of divine love, drew their swords to repel the attack. Christ would not permit this, but he rebuked Peter, saying, "Put your sword into its sheath; for all who have taken swords shall die by swords."