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Zephaniah 2:14

in Zephaniah 2

Herds will lie down in her midst, creatures of every kind. Both the desert owl and screech owl will roost atop her pillars. Their calls will sound from the window, but desolation will lie on the threshold, for He will expose the beams of cedar.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And herds shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the pelican and the porcupine shall lodge in the capitals thereof; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds: for he hath laid bare the cedar-work.

KJV

And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the cormorant and the bittern shall lodge in the upper lintels of it; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds: for he shall uncover the cedar work.

This verse in Zephaniah 2

Commentary

7 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Zephaniah · Written before 420.

(Verse 12 and following) But even you, Ethiopians, will be killed by my sword: and he will stretch out his hand over the North, and will destroy Assyria: and he will make a beautiful place desolate, and like a deserted wilderness. And flocks will lie down in the midst of it: all the beasts of the nations, and the pelican, and the hedgehog will dwell in its thresholds: the voice of the singer in the window, the raven on the top. For I will weaken its strength.

This site's exposition

and destroy Assyria

on Zephaniah 2:13-15

The oracle against Assyria answers Nahum's whole book in a stanza, Nineveh made a desolation and dry like a wilderness, the city that could not be starved by siege pictured instead as ground with no water left in it at all. Flocks and beasts of the nations lying down among cormorant and bittern in the ruined lintels turn the palace's own carved cedar work into a habitat for creatures rather than kings, and the bench reads the picture as literal fulfillment once Nineveh's mounds lay abandoned for centuries. This is the rejoicing city that dwelt carelessly names Nineveh's own pride in its own words, I am, and there is none beside me, the identical boast Isaiah puts in Babylon's mouth at 47:8, one empire's arrogance quoted back at its ruin.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

3 Seek ye the L ORD , all ye meek of the earth, which have wrought his judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may be ye shall be hid in the day of the L ORD 's anger. Here we see what the prophet meant in that terrible description of the approaching judgments which we had in the foregoing chapter.

quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-run:27w-of-58

And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her,....

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her - Nineveh was so completely destroyed, that its situation is not at present even known. The present city of Mossoul is supposed to be in the vicinity of the place where this ancient city stood. The cormorant קאת kaath; and the bittern, קפד kippod.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

flocks--of sheep; answering to "beasts" in the parallel clause. Wide pastures for sheep and haunts for wild beasts shall be where once there was a teeming population (compare Zep 2:6). MAURER, needlessly for the parallelism, makes it "flocks of savage animals." beasts of the nations--that is, beasts of the earth (Ge 1:24).

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase

And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her - No desolation is like that of decayed luxury. It preaches the nothingness of man, the fruitlessness of his toils, the fleetingness of his hopes and enjoyments, and their baffling when at their height. Grass in a court or on a once beaten road, much more, in a town, speaks of the passing away of what has been, that man was accustomed to be there, and is not, or is there less than he was. It leaves the feeling of void and forsakenness. But in Nineveh not a few tufts of grass here and there shall betoken desolation, it shall be one wild rank pasture, where “flocks” shall not feed only, but “lie down” as in their fold and continual resting place, not in the outskirts only or suburbs, but in the very center of her life and throng and busy activity, “in the midst of her,” and none shall fray them away. So Isaiah had said of the cities of Aroer, “they shall be for flocks, which shall lie down and none shall make them afraid” Isa 17:2, and of Judah until its restoration by Christ, that it should be “a joy of wild asses, a pasture of flocks” (Isa 32:14, compare Jer 6:2). And not only those which are wont to be found in some connection with man, but “all the beasts of a nation” , the troops of wild and savage and unclean beasts which shun the dwellings of man or are his enemies, these in troops have their lair there. Both the cormorant and the bittern - They may be the same. The pelican retires inland to consume its food. Tristram, Houghton, in Smith’s Bible Dictionary, “Pelican” note. It could be a hedgehog. Shall lodge in the upper lintels of it. - The “chapiters” (English margin) or capitals of the pillars of the temples and palaces shall lie broken and strewn upon the ground, and among those desolate fragments of her pride shall unclean animals haunt. The pelican has its Hebrew name from vomiting. […]

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

On the verses either side of this one

on the north Assyria is on the north, neighboring on Babylon.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Zephaniah 2:13:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 5 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

20 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וְרָבְצ֨וּand they will lie down

    veravetzuH725730 times

  • בְתוֹכָ֤הּin [the] midst of it

    vetokhahH8432

  • עֲדָרִים֙herds

    ʾadarimH5739

  • כָּל־every

    kol-H36055413 times

  • חַיְתוֹ־animal of

    chaytov-H2416498 times

  • ג֔וֹיa nation

    goyH1471561 times

  • גַּם־both

    gam-H1571769 times

  • קָאַת֙desert owl

    kaatH6893

  • גַּם־as well as

    gam-H1571769 times

  • קִפֹּ֔דhedgehog

    kipodH7090

  • בְּכַפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָon capitals its

    bekhaftoreihaH3730

  • יָלִ֑ינוּthey will spend [the] night

    yalinuH3885

  • ק֠וֹלa sound

    kolH6963506 times

  • יְשׁוֹרֵ֤רit will sing

    yeshorerH7891

  • בַּֽחַלּוֹן֙in the window

    bachalonH2474

  • חֹ֣רֶבdesolation

    chorevH2721

  • בַּסַּ֔ף[will be] on the threshold

    basafH5592

  • כִּ֥יfor

    kiH35884482 times

  • אַרְזָ֖הcedar-work

    ʾarzahH731

  • עֵרָֽה׃he will lay bare

    ʾerahH6168

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Amos 9:1

    I saw the Lord standing beside the altar, and He said: “Strike the tops of the pillars so that the thresholds shake. Topple them on the heads of all the people, and I will…

    it leads to

    • Psalms 68:21

      Surely God will crush the heads of His enemies, the hairy crowns of those who persist in guilty ways.

    • Amos 3:14

      On the day I punish Israel for their transgressions, I will visit destruction on the altars of Bethel; the horns of the altar will be cut off, and they will fall to the ground.

    • Isaiah 6:3–4

      And they were calling out to one another: “Holy, holy, holy is the LORD of Hosts; all the earth is full of His glory.”

    • Habakkuk 3:13

      You went forth for the salvation of Your people, to save Your anointed. You crushed the head of the house of the wicked and stripped him from head to toe. Selah

  • Through

    Isaiah 14:23

    “I will make her a place for owls and for swamplands; I will sweep her away with the broom of destruction,” declares the LORD of Hosts.

    it leads to

    • 1 Kings 14:10

      Because of all this, behold, I am bringing disaster on the house of Jeroboam: I will cut off from Jeroboam every male, both slave and free, in Israel; I will burn up the house…

    • Isaiah 34:11–15

      The desert owl and screech owl will possess it, and the great owl and raven will dwell in it. The LORD will stretch out over Edom a measuring line of chaos and a plumb…

    • Isaiah 13:21–22

      But desert creatures will lie down there, and howling creatures will fill her houses. Ostriches will dwell there, and wild goats will leap about.

    • Revelation 14:8

      Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”

Where this verse is studied

About Zephaniah

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Edward Bouverie Pusey, The Minor Prophets: A Commentary; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Zephaniah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.