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Isaiah 21:4

in Isaiah 21

My heart falters; fear makes me tremble. The twilight of my desire has turned to horror.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

My heart fluttereth, horror hath affrighted me; the twilight that I desired hath been turned into trembling unto me.

KJV

My heart panted, fearfulness affrighted me: the night of my pleasure hath he turned into fear unto me.

This verse in Isaiah 21

Commentary

10 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

(Vers. 4, 5.) I fell down when I heard, I was troubled when I saw: my heart grew faint, darkness overwhelmed me: Babylon, my beloved, has become a wonder to me. Set the table, watch those who eat and drink: rise up, princes, take the shield. LXX: I acted unjustly so that I would not hear, I hastened so that I would not see, my heart went astray: iniquity has flooded over me; my soul is filled with fear. Set the table, watch the watchtower: eat, drink: rise up, princes, prepare the shields.

This site's exposition

the Desert by the Sea

on Isaiah 21:1-4

The older writers read "the Desert by the Sea" as a play on the plain of Babylon turned to wilderness. The prophet feels it in his body: "Pain grips me, like the pains of a woman in labor". Elam and Media are the powers behind the fall of Babylon.

This site's exposition

The twilight of my desire has turned to horror

The twilight Isaiah desired turns into horror. The scene fits the night of the feast of Belshazzar in Daniel 5, when Babylon fell while its nobles ate and drank at the table. Barnes takes the faltering heart as the stagger of a drunken man.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers2 voices

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

proposed

(Verse 3, 4.) Therefore my loins are filled with pain: anguish has taken hold of me, like the anguish of a woman in labor: I am bowed down when I hear it, I am troubled when I see it. My heart is faint, darkness has overwhelmed me. Babylon, my beloved, has become a wonder to me. The prophets are therefore obscured, because many individuals are changed in them.

A commentator

Jerome

St. Jerome, Commentary on Daniel, CHAPTER FIVE · Written before 420.

proposed

[Daniel 5:30-31] "On that same night Belshazzar, King of the Chaldeans, was slain, and Darius the Mede succeeded to his kingdom at the age of sixty-two." Josephus writes in his tenth book of the Jewish Antiquities that when Babylon had been laid under siege by the Medes and Persians, that is, by Darius and Cyrus, Belshazzar, King of Babylon, fell into such forgetfulness of his own situation as to put on his celebrated banquet and drink from the vessels of the Temple, and even while he was besieged he found leisure for banqueting. From this circumstance the historical account could arise, that he was captured and slaughtered on the same night, while everyone was either terrified by fear of the vision and its interpretation, or else taken up with festivity and drunken banqueting. As for the fact that while Cyrus, King of the Persians, was the victor, and Darius was only King of the Medes, it was Darius who was recorded to have succeeded to the throne of Babylon, this was an arrangement occasioned by factors of age, family relationship, and the territory ruled over. By this I mean that Darius was sixty-two years old, and that, according to what we read, the kingdom of the Medes was more sizable than that of the Persians, and being Cyrus's uncle, he naturally had a prior claim, and ought to have been accounted as successor to the rule of Babylon. Therefore also in a vision of Isaiah which was recited against Babylon, after many other matters too lengthy to mention, an account is given of these things which are to take place: "Behold I Myself will rouse up against them the Medes, a people who do not seek after silver nor desire gold, but who slay the very children with their arrows and have no compassion upon women who suckle their young" (Isaiah 13:17-18). […]

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 1274.

proposed

Second, as to the affections: my heart, that is, the affections, failed, in sadness: my bowels are in pain (Jer 4:19). Third, as to astounded understanding: darkness, that is, the troubles I have foreseen, amazed me, as if I were in darkness: every one that …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

My heart panted,....

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

Let this give an effectual check to vain mirth and sensual pleasures, and forbid us ever to lay the reins on the neck of them--that we know not what heaviness the mirth may end in, nor how soon laughter may be turned into mourning; but this we know that for all these things God shall bring us into judgment; let us therefore mix trembling always with our joys.
2 more voices on this verse

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

My heart panted - Margin, ‘My mind wandered.’ The Hebrew word rendered ‘panted’ (תעה tâ‛âh) means to wander about; to stagger; to be giddy; and is applied often to one that staggers by being intoxicated. Applied to the heart, it means that it is disquieted or troubled. The Hebrew word “heart” here is to be taken in the sense of “mind.” The night of my pleasure - There can be no doubt that the prophet here refers to the night of revelry and riot in which Babylon was taken.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

panted--"is bewildered" [BARNES]. night of my pleasure--The prophet supposes himself one of the banqueters at Belshazzar's feast, on the night that Babylon was about to be taken by surprise; hence his expression, "my pleasure" (Isa 14:11;

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase+unbalanced-parens

The words behind it

10 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • תָּעָ֣הit has wandered

    taahH8582 →50 times

  • לְבָבִ֔יheart my

    levaviH3824 →252 times

  • פַּלָּצ֖וּתshuddering

    palatzutH6427 →

  • בִּֽעֲתָ֑תְנִיit has overwhelmed me

    biatateniH1204 →

  • אֵ֚ת<obj.>

    ʾetH853 →10935 times

  • נֶ֣שֶׁף[the] twilight of

    neshefH5399 →12 times

  • חִשְׁקִ֔יdesire my

    chishkiH2837 →

  • שָׂ֥םit has made

    samH7760 →584 times

  • לִ֖יfor me

    li

  • לַחֲרָדָֽה׃<into> trembling

    lacharadahH2731 →

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Daniel 5:1

    Later, King Belshazzar held a great feast for a thousand of his nobles, and he drank wine with them.

    it leads to

    • Esther 1:3

      In the third year of his reign, Xerxes held a feast for all his officials and servants. The military leaders of Persia and Media were there, along with the nobles and princes of the…

    • Mark 6:21–22

      On Herod’s birthday, her opportunity arose. Herod held a banquet for his nobles and military commanders and the leading men of Galilee.

    • Isaiah 21:4–5

      My heart falters; fear makes me tremble. The twilight of my desire has turned to horror.

    • Isaiah 22:14

      The LORD of Hosts has revealed in my hearing: “Until your dying day, this sin of yours will never be atoned for,” says the Lord GOD of Hosts.

    • Isaiah 22:12

      On that day the Lord GOD of Hosts called for weeping and wailing, for shaven heads and the wearing of sackcloth.

  • Through

    Esther 5:12

    “What is more,” Haman added, “Queen Esther invited no one but me to join the king at the banquet she prepared, and I am invited back tomorrow along with the king.

    it leads to

    • Proverbs 27:1

      Do not boast about tomorrow, for you do not know what a day may bring.

    • Psalms 37:35–36

      I have seen a wicked, ruthless man flourishing like a well-rooted native tree,

    • Job 20:5–8

      the triumph of the wicked has been brief and the joy of the godless momentary?

Where this verse is studied

On this page

About Isaiah

The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 9 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Prophecies of Isaiah; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; Jerome, St. Jerome, Commentary on Daniel, CHAPTER FIVE; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.