Proverbs 14:10
in Proverbs 14The heart knows its own bitterness, and no stranger shares in its joy.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
The heart knoweth its own bitterness; And a stranger doth not intermeddle with its joy.
KJV
The heart knoweth his own bitterness; and a stranger doth not intermeddle with his joy.
⋯
This verse in Proverbs 14
Commentary
7 notes on this verseThe heart knoweth his own bitterness,.... Or "the bitterness of his soul" (l), the distress of his conscience, the anguish of his mind; the heart of man only knows the whole of it; something of it may be known to others by his looks, his words, and gestures, but not all of it; see 1Co 2:10; bitterness of soul often arises from outward troubles, pains, and diseases of body, losses, crosses, and disappointments, 1Sa 1:
This site's exposition
The heart knows its own bitterness
Every heart carries a bitterness and a joy that belong to it alone, and no stranger, however close, can fully enter either one. Gill reads the verse against easy comfort offered from outside, since grief and gladness both have an interior the nearest friend can only stand beside.
The record, by era
The Medieval Church1 voice
The heart that knows the bitterness of its soul, etc. The elect have bitterness of soul as long as they are deferred from eternal joys; and the wicked, when they are afflicted by perverse desires. But the elect, because they walk in the light, foresee …
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
YOU lift up your eyes and you behold the stars. Surely, it is no idle imagination that these heavenly lights are distant worlds. But they are entirely separated from the inhabitants of this globe. You may peer at them through the telescope as long as you will, but you cannot enter into the feelings and pursuits of the dwellers in those worlds. You know nothing of the nearest planet, nor even of the world's own satellite. Some look up and declare that they see a man in the moon. It is the fancy of the ignorant. Others gaze at it till they discover huge volcanoes. It is the belief of the astronomer. But do what you will, you cannot enter into conversation with the moon-dwellers. You cannot sympathize with their politics, nor share their domestic experiences. There is a great gulf fixed and we who would pass to them cannot—neither can they pass to us who would come from there. In a great measure such is our relation to our fellow men. Men are microcosms, or little worlds—each man has his distinct sphere, wherein he dwells. We are so many worlds and no one world of man exactly overlaps another. You cannot completely know your fellow man. All that you know concerning your fellows—and there is much which we can know—leaves a great deal as unknown to us as the fixed stars. There is a bitterness which each man feels alone and a sweetness with which none can understand. Every man is, in a measure, self-contained. His being is detached from other beings in certain matters. There are bonds which unite us to our fellow man, and there is a solidarity about the race. But for all that, each man is a distinct atom and item and there are portions of his nature in which he does not touch his fellow man at all but displays his own individuality and personality. Alone are we born, one by one. Alone do we die, one by one.
YOU lift up your eyes and you behold the stars. Surely, it is no idle imagination that these heavenly lights are distant worlds. But they are entirely separated from the inhabitants of this globe. You may peer at them through the telescope as long as you will, but you cannot enter into the feelings and pursuits of the dwellers in those worlds. You know nothing of the nearest planet, nor even of the world's own satellite. Some look up and declare that they see a man in the moon. It is the fancy of the ignorant.
The heart knoweth his own bitterness - מרת נפשו morrath naphsho, “The bitterness of its soul.” Under spiritual sorrow, the heart feels, the soul feels; all the animal nature feels and suffers. But when the peace of God is spoken to the troubled soul, the joy is indescribable; the whole man partakes of it. And a stranger to these religious feelings, to the travail of the soul, and to the witness of the Spirit, does not intermeddle with them; he does not understand them: indeed they may be even foolishness to him, because they are spiritually discerned.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
A striking expression of the ultimate solitude of each man’s soul at all times, and not merely at the hour of death. Something there is in every sorrow, and in every joy, which no one else can share. Beyond that range it is well to remember that there is a Divine Sympathy, uniting perfect knowledge and perfect love.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
One’s heart knows the bitterness of his soul His toil and labor that he toiled with the Torah. Therefore, in his joy a stranger shall not mingle.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 2 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
8 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| לֵ֗ב | lev | a heart | H3820 → | 595 times |
| י֭וֹדֵעַ | yodea' | [is] knowing | H3045 → | 945 times |
| מָרַּ֣ת | marat | [the] bitterness of | H4787 → | |
| נַפְשׁ֑וֹ | nafsho | own self its | H5315 → | 754 times |
| וּ֝בְשִׂמְחָת֗וֹ | uvesimchato | and in joy its | H8057 → | 94 times |
| לֹא־ | lo'- | not | H3808 → | 5168 times |
| יִתְעָ֥רַב | yitarav | he shares | H6148 → | 22 times |
| זָֽר׃ | zar | a stranger | H2114 → | 77 times |
לֵ֗בa heart
levH3820 →595 times
י֭וֹדֵעַ[is] knowing
yodea'H3045 →945 times
מָרַּ֣ת[the] bitterness of
maratH4787 →
נַפְשׁ֑וֹown self its
nafshoH5315 →754 times
וּ֝בְשִׂמְחָת֗וֹand in joy its
uvesimchatoH8057 →94 times
לֹא־not
lo'-H3808 →5168 times
יִתְעָ֥רַבhe shares
yitaravH6148 →22 times
זָֽר׃a stranger
zarH2114 →77 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Philippians 4:7And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.
it leads to
- John 14:27
Peace I leave with you; My peace I give to you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled; do not be afraid.
- Isaiah 26:3
You will keep in perfect peace the steadfast of mind, because he trusts in You.
- 2 Thessalonians 3:16
Now may the Lord of peace Himself give you peace at all times and in every way. The Lord be with all of you.
- Colossians 3:15
Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, for to this you were called as members of one body. And be thankful.
- Psalms 29:11
The LORD gives His people strength; the LORD blesses His people with peace.
- John 14:27
Through
Proverbs 15:13A joyful heart makes a cheerful countenance, but sorrow of the heart crushes the spirit.
it leads to
- Proverbs 17:22
A joyful heart is good medicine, but a broken spirit dries up the bones.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Proverbs 17:22
Through
John 14:18I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you.
it leads to
- Psalms 23:4
Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me.
- John 14:3
And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back and welcome you into My presence, so that you also may be where I am.
- Psalms 23:4
Where this verse is studied
About Proverbs

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Bede, Commentary on Proverbs; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2079: “Man Unknown To Man” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
