Job 35:11
in Job 35who teaches us more than the beasts of the earth and makes us wiser than the birds of the air?’
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth, And maketh us wiser than the birds of the heavens?
KJV
Who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth, and maketh us wiser than the fowls of heaven?
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This verse in Job 35
Commentary
13 notes on this verseWho teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth?.... Who are taught and know much, especially some of them; but not so much as man, see Isa 1:3; and maketh us wiser than the fowls of heaven? who are wise to provide food and nests for themselves and their young; and such as are birds of passage, as the turtledove, the crane, the stork, and the swallow, to know the time of their coming and returning, see Jer 8:
This site's exposition
Men cry out under great oppression
on Job 35:9-11
Elihu names a real evil, “Men cry out under great oppression”, and Barnes reads this as the honest half of his argument. Yet no one asks after “God my Maker, who gives us songs in the night”. Gill takes the songs as mercies given while the trouble continues.
This site's exposition
wiser than the birds of the air
Albert Barnes reads the verse as a word on suffering. The beasts suffer and die without knowing why, and a man has reason to ask God the meaning of his pain. Matthew Henry calls that reason the gift that makes a man able to worship.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers1 voice
"Who makes me different from the four-footed beasts of the earth?" If you are a sinner, you were not distinguished from the four-footed beasts of the earth. "Man that has honor does not understand, he is compared to the senseless cattle, and is like them." If you are a sinner, you were not distinguished from the four-footed beasts of the earth, but it is said to you, "So that you might not be like horses and mules that have no understanding."
The Medieval Church2 voices
A commentator
Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book XXVI · Written before 604.
proposed
Who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth, and instructeth us more than the fowls of heaven. The beasts of the earth are they, who seek the lowest things, from the habit of a carnal life. But the fowls of the heaven are they, who search into lofty things, with the eagerness of a proud curiosity. These degrade themselves, by their conduct, below what they are in themselves; these exalt themselves, by their enquiries, beyond what they are able. The pleasure of the flesh casts down those to the very bottom, the lust of curiosity exalts these, as it were, in things above them. To those it is said by holy Scripture, Be ye not as the horse, and the mule, which have no understanding. [Ps. 32, 9] The proud labour of these is blamed, when it is said, Seek not out the things that are higher than thou, neither search the things that are above thy strength. [Ecclus. 3, 21] To those it is said, Mortify your members which are upon the earth, fornication, lust, evil concupiscence. [Col. 3, 5] To these it is said, Let no man deceive you through philosophy and vain deceit. [Col. 2, 8] God teaches us, therefore, more than the beasts and the fowls of the air, because, while we understand what we are, neither does the infirmity of the flesh cast us down, nor does the spirit of pride raise us up. We do not, by sinking down, fall beneath the lowest things, nor are we puffed up, by pride, as to those above us. For he, who falls in the flesh, is overcome by the appetite of beasts, but he, who is exalted in mind, is raised up, like the fowls, as if with the wing of lightness. But if we keep strict watch, that both humility of mind and chastity of body be preserved, we soon know that the one is preserved by the other. For pride has often been to many a seed-plot of lust; for, whilst their spirit raised them, as it were, on high, their flesh plunged them in the lowest depths. […]
Third, he brings in the infusion of natural light by which we discern good from evil by reason, in which we are higher than brute animals, and so he says, "He who teaches us above the flocks of the earth," which lack reason. Since the …
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
This is the greatest excellency of reason, that it makes us capable of religion, and it is in that especially that we are taught more than the beasts and the fowls.
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
Who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth - Who is able to teach us mere than the irrational creation; that is, in regard to the nature and design of affliction. They suffer without knowing why. They are subjected to toil and hardships; endure pain, and die, without any knowledge why all this occurs, and without any rational view of the government and plans of God. It is not, or need not be so, says Elihu, when man suffers. He is intelligent. He can understand why he is afflicted.
5 more voices on this verse
The Nineteenth Century5 voices
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Man's spirit, which distinguishes him from the brute, is the strongest proof of God's beneficence; by the use of it we may understand that God is the Almighty helper of all sufferers who humbly seek Him; and that they err who do not so seek Him. fowls--(see on Job 28:21).
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
But the reason is that the innocent sufferers often do not humbly seek God for succor; so to their "pride" is to be laid the blame of their ruin; also because (Job 35:13-16) they, as Job, instead of waiting God's time in pious trust, are prone to despair of His justice, when it is not immediately visible (Job 33:19-26).
(This was followed by a farewell address from his son, Thomas Spurgeon.) ‘But none saith, Where is God my Maker, who giveth songs in the night; who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth, and maketh us wiser than the fowls of heaven?’Job 35:10-11. ELIHU PERCEIVED the great ones of the earth oppressing the needy, and he traced their domineering tyranny to their forgetfulness of God: ‘None saith, Where is God my Maker?’ Surely, had they thought of God they could not have acted so unjustly. Worse still, if I understand Elihu aright, he complained that even among the oppressed there was the same departure in heart from the Lord: they cried out by reason of the arm of the mighty, but unhappily they did not cry unto God their Maker, though he waits to be gracious unto all such, and executeth righteousness and judgment for all that are oppressed. Both with great and small, with oppressors and oppressed, there is one common fault in our nature, which is described by the apostle in the Romans, ‘There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God.’ Until divine grace comes in and changes our nature there is none that saith, ‘Where is God my Maker, who giveth songs in the night?’ This is a very grave fault, about which we shall speak for a few minutes, and may the Holy Ghost bless the word. I. And first, LET US THINK OVER THESE NEGLECTED QUESTIONS, beginning with ‘Where is God my Maker?’ There are four questions in the text, each of which reminds us of the folly of forgetting it. First, Where is God? Above all things in the world we ought to think of him. Pope said, ‘The proper study of mankind is man’; but it is far more true that the proper study of mankind is God. Let man study man in the second place, but God first. It is a sad thing that God is all in all, that we owe everything to him, and are under allegiance to him, and yet we neglect him.
(This was followed by a farewell address from his son, Thomas Spurgeon.) ‘But none saith, Where is God my Maker, who giveth songs in the night; who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth, and maketh us wiser than the fowls of heaven?’Job 35:10-11. ELIHU PERCEIVED the great ones of the earth oppressing the needy, and he traced their domineering tyranny to their forgetfulness of God: ‘None saith, Where is God my Maker?’ Surely, had they thought of God they could not have acted so unjustly.
Who teacheth us more than the beasts - “The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master’s crib; but Israel doth not know me, my people do not consider;” Isa 1:3. Beasts, bards, fowls, and in many cases pond-fishes, know and seem thankful to the hand that feeds them; while man, made much more noble than they, gifted with the greatest powers, privileged with the most important benefits, considers not the Lord, nor discerns the operation of his hand. Quadrupeds, reptiles, and fowls, have more gratitude to their masters than man has to his God.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
Who teaches us He teaches us more wisdom than [He does] the beasts; i.e., He esteemed us and made us greater than the beasts and the birds.
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
There they cry out And see that there the poor cry out because of the pride of those who oppress them, and He does not answer, for..
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 5 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
6 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| מַ֭לְּפֵנוּ | malefenu | [who] teaches us | H502 → | 4 times |
| מִבַּהֲמ֣וֹת | mibahamot | more than [the] animals of | H929 → | 190 times |
| אָ֑רֶץ | ʾaretz | [the] earth | H776 → | 2504 times |
| וּמֵע֖וֹף | umeof | and more than [the] bird[s] of | H5775 → | 71 times |
| הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם | hashamayim | the heavens | H8064 → | 421 times |
| יְחַכְּמֵֽנוּ׃ | yechakemenu | he makes wise us | H2449 → |
מַ֭לְּפֵנוּ[who] teaches us
malefenuH502 →4 times
מִבַּהֲמ֣וֹתmore than [the] animals of
mibahamotH929 →190 times
אָ֑רֶץ[the] earth
ʾaretzH776 →2504 times
וּמֵע֖וֹףand more than [the] bird[s] of
umeofH5775 →71 times
הַשָּׁמַ֣יִםthe heavens
hashamayimH8064 →421 times
יְחַכְּמֵֽנוּ׃he makes wise us
yechakemenuH2449 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Genesis 2:7Then the LORD God formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed the breath of life into his nostrils, and the man became a living being.
it leads to
- Job 33:4
The Spirit of God has made me, and the breath of the Almighty gives me life.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Ecclesiastes 12:7
before the dust returns to the ground from which it came and the spirit returns to God who gave it.
- 1 Corinthians 15:45
So it is written: “The first man Adam became a living being;” the last Adam a life-giving spirit.
- Job 33:4
Through
Genesis 1:26Then God said, “Let Us make man in Our image, after Our likeness, to rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, and over all the…
it leads to
- Colossians 3:10
and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator.
- Ephesians 4:24
and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness.
- Psalms 8:4–8
what is man that You are mindful of him, or the son of man that You care for him?
- Genesis 3:22
Then the LORD God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of Us, knowing good and evil. And now, lest he reach out his hand and take also from the tree of life,…
- Genesis 5:1
This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, He made him in His own likeness.
- Colossians 3:10
About Job

This page draws on 11 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Job; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1511: “Questions Which Ought To Be Asked” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Gregory the Dialogist, Morals on the Book of Job, Book XXVI; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, FRAGMENTS ON JOB 24.25 and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Job.
