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Isaiah 38:14

in Isaiah 38

I chirp like a swallow or crane; I moan like a dove. My eyes grow weak as I look upward. O Lord, I am oppressed; be my security.”

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

Like a swallow or a crane, so did I chatter; I did moan as a dove; mine eyes fail with looking upward: O Lord, I am oppressed, be thou my surety.

KJV

Like a crane or a swallow, so did I chatter: I did mourn as a dove: mine eyes fail with looking upward: O Lord, I am oppressed; undertake for me.

This verse in Isaiah 38

Commentary

12 notes on this verse

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

(Verse 15.) Like the chick of a swallow, so will I cry out: I will meditate as a dove: My eyes are weakened looking towards the height. Lord, I suffer violence; answer for me: what shall I say or what shall he answer me when he himself has done? LXX: Like a swallow, thus will I cry out; like a dove, thus will I meditate. For my eyes have failed from looking towards the height of heaven to the Lord: who delivers me, took away the pain of my soul, and he himself did it.

This site's exposition

as a lion, so will he break all my bones

on Isaiah 38:13-14

The night is measured out in the writing, reckoned till morning, the lion image turning the sickness itself into a predator breaking bones rather than a slow fading, and the same refrain from day even to night wilt thou make an end of me repeats the clock the king watched. The bird images that follow, the crane, the swallow, the dove, carry wordless distress rather than formed speech, mine eyes fail with looking upward the posture of a man who has run out of arguments and can only look. Delitzsch reads the shift from beast to bird as a shift from terror to grief, the fight gone out of the complaint by verse 14.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Cosmas Indicopleustes

The Christian Topography, Book 8 · Written before 550.

proposed

As a swallow so shall I chatter, and as a dove so shall I mourn; that is, In the time of my sickness I would utter cries like the sharp and quivering notes of the swallow, and in my pangs I would wail after the …

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 1274.

proposed

Second, as to the deferral of hope; and he sets out things: the compunction of the one who hopes: I will cry like a young swallow, looking for its mother, because it does not see her, like a dove, namely, with mourning: her bondwomen were …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

Like a crane, or a swallow, so did I chatter,.... Rather, "like a crane and a swallow", like both; sometimes loud and clamorous, like a crane (o), when the pain was very acute and grievous; and sometimes very low, through weakness of body, like the twittering of a swallow; or the moan he made under his affliction was like the mournful voices of these birds at certain times.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

Some think he refers to his praying in his affliction; it was so broken and interrupted with groanings which could not be uttered that it was more like the chattering of a crane or a swallow than what it used to be. Such mean thoughts had he of his own prayers, which yet were acceptable to God, and successful.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

The exercises of religion are so much the business and delight of a good man that to be restrained from them is the greatest grievance of his afflictions, and to be restored to them is the greatest comfort of his deliverances.
5 more voices on this verse

The Nineteenth Century5 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

Like - a swallow “Like the swallow” - כסיס kesis; so read two MSS., Theodot., and Hieron. Mine eyes fail - For דלו dallu the Septuagint read כלו calu, εξελιπον. Compare Psa 69:4; Psa 119:82, Psa 119:123; Lam 2:11; Lam 4:17, in the Hebrew and in the Septuagint. O Lord “O Lord” - For יהוה Jehovah, thirty MSS. and eight editions read אדני Adonai.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

The prayer and thanksgiving song of Hezekiah is only given here, not in the parallel passages of Second Kings and Second Chronicles. Isa 38:9 is the heading or inscription.
HEZEKIAH finds fault with his prayers, but he did pray. God's children cannot at all times speak distinctly, but they all cry. There is no true child of God that is possessed of a dumb spirit. "Behold he prays" may be said of each of the Divine family—and place them in what circumstances you will, you might sooner call a man, living, and prevent his breathing, than call a man, Christian, and prevent his praying! If he is living, he must breathe—if he is a Christian, he must pray! And observe further as Hezekiah, with all the faults that he finds with his prayers, did pray, so equally certain is it that he did prevail with those imperfect prayers! He may call those prayers chattering—I have no doubt he felt them to be so—but, after all, he has an answer to his prayers—he had 15 years added to his life and, therefore, his chatter were marvelously successful. From which I gather that those prayers we think the worst, may turn out to be the best. And those prayers which, judged by human judgments, might be considered unworthy of the name of prayer, may, nevertheless, be so acceptable to the Most High that they shall throughout life become the fountain of our praise! I purpose this evening to speak to you, believing that many of you have passed through the same experience as Hezekiah with regard to your prayers. I shall speak to you about his estimation, his own estimation of his prayers. Then we shall turn to consider the real value of those prayers. And then, thirdly, we shall notice what there is that may afford us plentiful consolation if we find the same fault with our petitions as Hezekiah did with his. First, then, let us look at— I. HEZEKIAH'S ESTIMATE OF HIS PRAYERS, for our estimate of our petitions has often been the same. He compares his prayers to the chattering of a swallow.
HEZEKIAH finds fault with his prayers, but he did pray. God's children cannot at all times speak distinctly, but they all cry. There is no true child of God that is possessed of a dumb spirit. "Behold he prays" may be said of each of the Divine family—and place them in what circumstances you will, you might sooner call a man, living, and prevent his breathing, than call a man, Christian, and prevent his praying! If he is living, he must breathe—if he is a Christian, he must pray!
Like a crane - The word used here (סוּס sûs) usually denotes a horse. The rabbis render it here ‘a crane.’ Gesenius translates it ‘a swallow;’ and in his Lexicon interprets the word which is translated ‘a swallow’ (עגוּר 'āgûr) to mean “circling,” making gyrations; and the whole phrase, ‘as the circling swallow.’ The Syriac renders this, ‘As the chattering swallow.’ The Vulgate, ‘As the young of the swallow.’ The Septuagint simply reads: ‘As the swallow.’ That two birds are intended here, or that some fowl is denoted by the word עגוּר 'āgûr, is manifest from Jer 8:7, where it is mentioned as distinct from the סוּס sûs (the crane) ועגוּר וסוּס vesûs ve‛āgûr. On the meaning of the words Bochart may be consulted (Hieroz. i. 2. p. 602). It is probable that the swallow and the crane are intended. The swallow is well known, and is remarkable for its twittering. The crane is also a well-known bird with long limbs made to go in the water. Its noise may be expressive of grief. So did I chatter - Peep, or twitter (see the note at Isa 8:19). The idea here is doubtless that of pain that was expressed in sounds resembling that made by birds - a broken, unmeaning unintelligible sighing; or quick breathing, and moaning. I did mourn as a dove - The dove, from its plaintive sound, is an emblem of grief. It is so used in Isa 59:11. The idea is that of the lonely or solitary dove that is lamenting or mourning for its companion: ‘Just as the lonely dove laments its mate.’ Mine eyes fail - The word used here (דלוּ dâllû) means properly to hang down, to swing like the branches of the willow; then to be languid, feeble, weak. Applied to the eye, it means that it languishes and becomes weak. With looking upward - To God, for relief and comfort. […]

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

On the verses either side of this one

I made [myself] myself all night to suffer the tortures of the illness, and I strengthened myself like a lion to suffer.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Isaiah 38:13:1, via Sefaria, The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 4 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

13 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • כְּס֤וּסlike a swallow

    kesusH5483140 times

  • עָגוּר֙a crane

    ʾagurH5693

  • כֵּ֣ןso

    kenH3651771 times

  • אֲצַפְצֵ֔ףI chirp

    ʾatzaftzefH68504 times

  • אֶהְגֶּ֖הI moan

    ʾehgehH189725 times

  • כַּיּוֹנָ֑הlike <the> dove

    kaiyonahH312331 times

  • דַּלּ֤וּthey are cast down

    daluH18099 times

  • עֵינַי֙eyes my

    ʾeinaiH5869887 times

  • לַמָּר֔וֹםto the height[s]

    lamaromH479154 times

  • אֲדֹנָ֖יO Lord

    ʾadonaiH136440 times

  • עָֽשְׁקָה־oppression

    ʾashekah-H6234

  • לִּ֥י[belongs] to me

    li

  • עָרְבֵֽנִי׃stand surety for me

    ʾareveniH6148

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Ezekiel 7:16

    The survivors will escape and live in the mountains, moaning like doves of the valley, each for his own iniquity.

    it leads to

    • Isaiah 59:11

      We all growl like bears and moan like doves. We hope for justice, but find none, for salvation, but it is far from us.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Ezra 9:15

      O LORD, God of Israel, You are righteous! For we remain this day as a remnant. Here we are before You in our guilt, though because of it no one can stand before You.”

    • Zechariah 12:10–14

      Then I will pour out on the house of David and on the people of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and prayer, and they will look on Me, the One they have pierced. They…

  • Through

    Psalms 69:3

    I am weary from my crying; my throat is parched. My eyes fail, looking for my God.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 6:6

      I am weary from groaning; all night I flood my bed with weeping and drench my couch with tears.

    • Psalms 119:123

      My eyes fail, looking for Your salvation, and for Your righteous promise.

    • Psalms 119:82

      My eyes fail, looking for Your promise; I ask, “When will You comfort me?”

    • Deuteronomy 28:32

      Your sons and daughters will be given to another nation, while your eyes grow weary looking for them day after day, with no power in your hand.

    • Psalms 25:21

      May integrity and uprightness preserve me, because I wait for You.

Where this verse is studied

About Isaiah

The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 11 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3468: “Consolation for Poor Petitioners” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Cosmas Indicopleustes, The Christian Topography, Book 8; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Prophecies of Isaiah; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.