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Isaiah 33:16

in Isaiah 33

he will dwell on the heights; the mountain fortress will be his refuge; his food will be provided and his water assured.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

He shall dwell on high; his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks; his bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure.

KJV

He shall dwell on high: his place of defence shall be the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters shall be sure.

This verse in Isaiah 33

Commentary

11 notes on this verse
By the name of bread the teaching of perfection is shown, as Paul attests, who, rousing the weak to conversion, says: "I gave you milk to drink, not solid food. For you were not yet able, nor are you yet able." For if milk belongs to little ones, bread belongs to none but the perfect. Whence also it is said of the strength of the perfect man: "He shall dwell on high, the fortifications of rocks shall be his loftiness, bread has been given to him."

This site's exposition

He who walks righteously and speaks with sincerity

on Isaiah 33:15-16

The answer is a portrait the older commentators set beside Psalm 15: "He who walks righteously and speaks with sincerity, who refuses gain from extortion". To him is promised that "he will dwell on the heights", and "his food will be provided and his water assured".

This site's exposition

he will dwell on the heights

Heights were the safest places to live, out of an attacker's reach. Matthew Henry read the promise of food and water against the siege, when supplies were cut off and water was measured out. The righteous man lacks nothing.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 420.

proposed

(Ver. 13 et seq.) Hear, you who are far away, what I have done, and know the strength of my neighbors. Sinners are terrified in Zion, hypocrites are trembling. Who among you can dwell with devouring fire? Who among you can endure everlasting burnings? The one who walks in righteousness and speaks truth, who rejects greed by slander, and keeps his hands away from every gift, who stops his ears from hearing of bloodshed, and shuts his eyes from seeing evil.

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Isaiah · Written before 1274.

proposed

He shall dwell on high, namely, with God: who shall dwell in your tabernacle? (Ps 14[15]:1). 725. Third, he shows the usefulness of this dwelling as to four things. And first, as to secure height, which nevertheless is contrary to the normal experience of height: …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

In the whole course of his conversation he acts by rules of equity, and makes conscience of rendering to all their due, to God his due, as well as to men theirs. His walk is righteousness itself; he would not for a world wilfully do an unjust thing. (2.) He speaks uprightly, uprightnesses (so the word is); he speaks what is true and right, and with an honest intention.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

God, the rock of ages, will be his high tower. (2.) He shall be supplied; he shall want nothing that is necessary for him: Bread shall be given him, even when the siege is straitest and provisions are cut off; and his waters shall be sure, that is, he shall be sure of the continuance of them, so that he shall not drink his water by measure and with astonishment.
He shall dwell on high,.... And so in safety: this is opposed to the fears of hypocrites, the grovelling life of a worldling, and the low life of many professors, and is expressive of the security of good men.
3 more voices on this verse

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

He shall dwell on high - See the margin. Heights, or high places, were usually places of safety, being, inaccessible to an enemy. The sense here is, that such a man as is described in Isa 33:15, should be preserved from alarm and danger, as if his habitation were on a lofty cliff or rock. The particular and special meaning is, that he should be safe from the anger, wrath, and consuming fire, which the sinner and the hypocrite dreaded Isa 33:
THERE were terrible times in Jerusalem in the days of Hezekiah. The Assyrian power was exceedingly formidable and it was ferocious to the last degree. Woe to the unhappy land which fell under the power of this spoiler! Assyria knew not the meaning of "mercy." It came down "like a wolf on the fold," tearing and devouring without pity.
THERE were terrible times in Jerusalem in the days of Hezekiah. The Assyrian power was exceedingly formidable and it was ferocious to the last degree. Woe to the unhappy land which fell under the power of this spoiler! Assyria knew not the meaning of "mercy." It came down "like a wolf on the fold," tearing and devouring without pity. The armies of Sennacherib were ravaging the kingdom of Judah and they had brought it into such a state that the Prophet cried, "The earth mourns and languishes: Lebanon is ashamed and hewn down: Sharon is like a wilderness and Bashan and Carmel shake off their fruits." Before the invaders the land was a garden and behind them it was a desolate wilderness. Yet the Lord had given a promise to His people in Jerusalem on this wise—"therefore thus says the Lord concerning the king of Assyria, he shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shields, nor cast a bank against it. By the way that he came, by the same shall he return, and shall not come into this city, says the Lord." Notwithstanding Rabshakeh's blasphemous letter and all his foul reviling, those who trusted in Jehovah were not dismayed, for the Lord had promised to defend the city for His own name's sake. There were godly men in the city, though I fear they were not many, who rested content with the sure promise of God and went about their daily business feeling perfectly safe. They would have felt secure if the whole land had swarmed with Assyrians as the fields with locusts, for they believed the Word of the Lord. Their trust was in the living God and therefore, they feared not the multitude of the enemy! But the whole of the inhabitants of Jerusalem were not of this brave or-der—the unholy were afraid and fearfulness surprised the hypocrites.

The words behind it

10 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • ה֚וּאhe

    hu'H1931 →1879 times

  • מְרוֹמִ֣יםhigh places

    meromimH4791 →54 times

  • יִשְׁכֹּ֔ןhe will dwell

    yishkonH7931 →129 times

  • מְצָד֥וֹת[will be] strongholds of

    metzadotH4679 →

  • סְלָעִ֖יםcliffs

    selaimH5553 →58 times

  • מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹrefuge his

    misgaboH4869 →

  • לַחְמ֣וֹfood his

    lachmoH3899 →298 times

  • נִתָּ֔ן[will be] given

    nitanH5414 →2011 times

  • מֵימָ֖יוwater his

    meimavH4325 →581 times

  • נֶאֱמָנִֽים׃[will be] reliable

    neemanimH539 →106 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Proverbs 18:10

    The name of the LORD is a strong tower; the righteous run to it and are safe.

    it leads to

    • 2 Samuel 22:3

      My God is my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation. My stronghold, my refuge, and my Savior, You save me from violence.

    • Isaiah 26:4

      Trust in the LORD forever, because GOD the LORD is the Rock eternal.

    • Psalms 91:2

      I will say to the LORD, “You are my refuge and my fortress, my God, in whom I trust.”

    • Psalms 144:2

      He is my steadfast love and my fortress, my stronghold and my deliverer. He is my shield, in whom I take refuge, who subdues peoples under me.

    • Psalms 61:3–4

      For You have been my refuge, a tower of strength against the enemy.

  • Through

    Proverbs 1:33

    But whoever listens to me will dwell in safety, secure from the fear of evil.”

    it leads to

    • Psalms 25:12–13

      Who is the man who fears the LORD? He will instruct him in the path chosen for him.

    • Psalms 112:7–8

      He does not fear bad news; his heart is steadfast, trusting in the LORD.

    • Isaiah 26:3

      You will keep in perfect peace the steadfast of mind, because he trusts in You.

Where this verse is studied

On this page

Studies1

About Isaiah

The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
The Prophet Isaiah, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1764: “The Rocky Fortress and Its Inhabitant” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Gregory the Dialogist, Commentary on 1 Kings, Book 6, Chapter 3; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.