Ecclesiastes 4:10
in Ecclesiastes 4For if one falls down, his companion can lift him up; but pity the one who falls without another to help him up!
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow; but woe to him that is alone when he falleth, and hath not another to lift him up.
KJV
For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe to him that is alone when he falleth; for he hath not another to help him up.
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This verse in Ecclesiastes 4
Commentary
11 notes on this verseFittingly does Ecclesiastes say, "For if one falls, he raises up his companion." He himself is not raised up, for Christ was not raised up by another's help and power, but he himself raised himself. Indeed, he said, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up. This he said of the temple of his body."
This site's exposition
Two are better than one
on Ecclesiastes 4:9-12
Against the lone man, the Teacher argues for companionship in four parts: a good return, help to lift him up, warmth together, and strength. The case closes on its proverb, a cord of three strands is not quickly broken, read since the Targum as friendship strengthened by a third.
This site's exposition
his companion can lift him up
Basil reads the verse against living alone: God made each man to need the help of another. Peter Chrysologus ties it to Christ sending two by two. Bonaventure adds Deuteronomy 22, where a man must help lift up his brother's fallen donkey.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
"And he began to send them forth two by two." He sent them two by two that no one of them, being abandoned and alone, might fall into a denial, like Peter, or flee, like John. Human frailty quickly falls if it proudly relies on …
Therefore, since most embrace virginity while still young and unformed in understanding, this before anything else should be their employment, to search out a fitting guide and master of this way, lest, in their present ignorance, they should wander from the direct route, and strike out new paths of their own in trackless wilds. "Two are better than one," says the Preacher; but a single one is easily vanquished by the foe who infests the path which leads to God; and verily "woe to him that is alone when he falleth, for he hath not another to help him up." Some ere now in their enthusiasm for the stricter life have shown a dexterous alacrity; but, as if in the very moment of their choice they had already touched perfection, their pride has had a shocking fall, and they have been tripped up from madly deluding themselves into thinking that that to which their own mind inclined them was the true beauty. In this number are those whom Wisdom calls the "slothful ones," who bestrew their "way" with "thorns"; who think it a moral loss to be anxious about keeping the commandments; who erase from their own minds the Apostolic teaching, and instead of eating the bread of their own honest earning fix on that of others, and make their idleness itself into an art of living. From this number, too, come the Dreamers, who put more faith in the illusions of their dreams than in the Gospel teaching, and style their own phantasies "revelations." Hence, too, those who "creep into the houses"; and again others who suppose virtue to consist in savage bearishness, and have never known the fruits of long-suffering and humility of spirit.
"Two are better than one, for they get a greater return for their labour. For should they fall, one can raise the other; but woe to him who is alone when he falls and there is no one to raise him! Also, if two sleep together they keep warm, but how can one be warm alone? Where one can be overpowered, two can resist attack; A three-ply cord is not easily severed!"
In the solitary life, what is at hand becomes useless to us and what is wanting cannot be provided, since God the Creator decreed that we should require the help of one another, as it is written, so that we might associate with one another. Again, apart from this consideration, the doctrine of the charity of Christ does not permit the individual to be concerned solely with his own private interests. "Charity," says the apostle, "seeks not her own." But a life passed in solitude is concerned only with the private service of individual needs. This is openly opposed to the law of love, which the apostle fulfilled, who sought not what was profitable to himself but to many that they might be saved. Furthermore, a person living in solitary retirement will not readily discern his own defects, since he has no one to admonish and correct him with mildness and compassion. In fact, admonition even from an enemy often produces in a prudent person the desire for amendment. But the cure of sin is wrought with understanding by him who loves sincerely. Holy Scripture says, "for he that loves, at times corrects." Such a one it is very difficult to find in solitude, if in one's prior state of life one had not been associated with such a person. The solitary, consequently, experiences the truth of the saying, "Woe to him that is alone, for when he falls he has none to lift him up." Moreover, the majority of the commandments are easily observed by several persons living together, but not so in the case of one living alone, for while he is obeying one commandment, the practice of another is being interfered with. For example, when he is visiting the sick, he cannot show hospitality to the stranger, and in the imparting and sharing of necessities (especially when the ministrations are prolonged), he is prevented from giving zealous attention to [other] tasks. […]
The Medieval Church1 voice
A commentator
BonaventureCommentary on Ecclesiastes, Chapter 4 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
On account of raising up he says: "If one falls, he will be supported by the other": Deuteronomy 22: "If you see the donkey of your brother fallen on the road, you shall not despise it, but shall lift it up with him." The solitary …
3 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church2 voices
A commentator
BonaventureItinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 4 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
And since, where anyone has fallen, he must lie there, unless someone lends a hand and assists him to rise: our soul could not be perfectly raised from these sensible things to the contemplation of itself and of the eternal Truth in itself, unless the …
Do not follow the wolf instead of the shepherd, or enter into a flock that is diseased. Do not be alone by yourself, lest you be seen carried off by the wolf who destroys souls or succumb to one disease after the other and so …
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow,....
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
For if they fall. [To be understood] according to its apparent meaning.
2 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
For if one of them falls upon the bed and lies sick, the other will cause his friend to rise by his prayer; but if there is only one innocent man in a generation, if he falls upon the bed and lies sick, he has no companion in his generation to pray for him, yet shall he rise by his own merit from his sickness.
They can be warm. [To be understood] according to its apparent meaning, regarding male and female, who are aroused by one another and procreate.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 2 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
13 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| כִּ֣י | ki | that | H3588 → | 4482 times |
| אִם־ | ʾim- | except | H518 → | 1069 times |
| יִפֹּ֔לוּ | yipolu | they will fall down | H5307 → | 435 times |
| הָאֶחָ֖ד | haechad | the one | H259 → | 971 times |
| יָקִ֣ים | yakim | he will raise | H6965 → | 628 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| חֲבֵר֑וֹ | chavero | companion his | H2270 → | |
| וְאִ֣יל֗וֹ | veilo | and woe! to <the> him | H337 → | |
| הָֽאֶחָד֙ | haechad | the one | H259 → | 971 times |
| שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹל | sheiyipol | who <he> will fall down | H5307 → | 435 times |
| וְאֵ֥ין | veein | and there not | H369 → | 789 times |
| שֵׁנִ֖י | sheni | [is] a second [person] | H8145 → | 156 times |
| לַהֲקִימֽוֹ׃ | lahakimo | to raise him | H6965 → | 628 times |
כִּ֣יthat
kiH3588 →4482 times
אִם־except
ʾim-H518 →1069 times
יִפֹּ֔לוּthey will fall down
yipoluH5307 →435 times
הָאֶחָ֖דthe one
haechadH259 →971 times
יָקִ֣יםhe will raise
yakimH6965 →628 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
חֲבֵר֑וֹcompanion his
chaveroH2270 →
וְאִ֣יל֗וֹand woe! to <the> him
veiloH337 →
הָֽאֶחָד֙the one
haechadH259 →971 times
שֶׁיִּפּ֔וֹלwho <he> will fall down
sheiyipolH5307 →435 times
וְאֵ֥יןand there not
veeinH369 →789 times
שֵׁנִ֖י[is] a second [person]
sheniH8145 →156 times
לַהֲקִימֽוֹ׃to raise him
lahakimoH6965 →628 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Galatians 6:1Brothers, if someone is caught in a trespass, you who are spiritual should restore him with a spirit of gentleness. But watch yourself, or you also may be tempted.
it leads to
- Romans 15:1
We who are strong ought to bear with the shortcomings of the weak and not to please ourselves.
- 2 Timothy 2:25
He must gently reprove those who oppose him, in the hope that God may grant them repentance leading to a knowledge of the truth.
- 2 Thessalonians 3:15
Yet do not regard him as an enemy, but warn him as a brother.
- James 5:19–20
My brothers, if one of you should wander from the truth and someone should bring him back,
- Jude 1:22–23
And indeed, have mercy on those who doubt;
- Romans 15:1
Through
1 Thessalonians 5:11Therefore encourage and build one another up, just as you are already doing.
it leads to
- Ephesians 4:29
Let no unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is helpful for building up the one in need and bringing grace to those who listen.
- Romans 15:2
Each of us should please his neighbor for his good, to build him up.
- Hebrews 10:25
Let us not neglect meeting together, as some have made a habit, but let us encourage one another, and all the more as you see the Day approaching.
- Ephesians 4:29
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Ecclesiastes

This page draws on 11 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Ambrose of Milan, Letters 81-91 (Letter LXXXI); Basil of Caesarea, THE LONG RULES 7; Bonaventure, Commentary on Ecclesiastes, Chapter 4; Bonaventure, Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 4; Gregory of Nyssa, On Virginity, Chapter XXIII; Jerome, Commentary on Ecclesiastes; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Peter Chrysologus, SERMON 170 and Symeon the New Theologian, DISCOURSE 20:7.
