1 Samuel 5:3
in 1 Samuel 5When the people of Ashdod got up early the next morning, there was Dagon, fallen on his face before the ark of the LORD. So they took Dagon and returned him to his place.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And when they of Ashdod arose early on the morrow, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of Jehovah. And they took Dagon, and set him in his place again.
KJV
And when they of Ashdod arose early on the morrow, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the earth before the ark of the Lord. And they took Dagon, and set him in his place again.
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This verse in 1 Samuel 5
Commentary
11 notes on this verseThey of Ashdod arose early on the morrow - Probably to perform some act of their superstition in the temple of their idol. Dagon was fallen upon his face - This was one proof, which they little expected, of the superiority of the God of Israel. Set him in his place again - Supposing his fall might have been merely accidental.
This site's exposition
returned him to his place
on 1 Samuel 5:3-5
On the first morning Dagon lies “fallen on his face before the ark of the LORD”. On the second morning his head and hands lie broken off on the threshold, and “Only the torso remained”. Henry reads the two mornings as an idol's kingdom giving way before the ark.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
So Dagon who was adored as God by them (although he was a dumb, senseless idol) was made to fall before the ark, and God prepared to stage a spectacle for the spectators, so that the Philistines might perceive the difference between false god and …
A commentator
John ChrysostomDISCOURSES AGAINST JUDAIZING CHRISTIANS 6.7.1 · Written before 407.
proposed
In short, if you believe the place is holy because the law and the books of prophets are there, then it is time for you to believe that idols and the temples of idols are holy. Once, when the Jews were at war, the people of Ashdod conquered them, took their ark and brought it into their own temple. Did the fact that it contained the ark make their temple a holy place? By no means! It continued to be profane and unclean, as the events immediately proved. For God wanted to teach the enemies of the Jews that the defeat was not due to God's weakness but to the transgressions of those who worshiped him. And so the ark, which had been taken as booty in war, gave proof of its own power in an alien land by twice throwing the idol to the ground so that the idol was broken. The ark was so far from making that temple a holy place that it even openly attacked it.
And now is not the first time, but he has performed these amazing marvels from time immemorial. It is not pertinent to enumerate them all; I shall mention what seems to resemble these events most closely. Once when the Jews waged war in Palestine with certain foreigners and the enemy was victorious and took the ark of God, they dedicated it as the choice part of the spoils to one of their local idols named Dagon; and, as soon as the ark was brought in, the statue fell down and lay on its face. Since they did not comprehend God's mighty power from this fall but set it up and again placed it on its pedestal, when they appeared the next day at dawn they observed that it was no longer simply fallen but also quite broken. The arms, detached from the shoulders, were flung onto the threshold of the temple, with the feet; and the rest of the statue was scattered in another place in pieces.… Therefore the place, which is able to exist for a long time, receives the blow and reminds each succeeding generation that those who do such things are ordained by law to suffer such things even if they do not pay the penalty at once; which is exactly what happened in the case of this temple.
The Medieval Church2 voices
And when they rose early in the morning, etc. The signs of miracles becoming clear through the heralds of faith, the worship of idolatry fell away among those who were able to be converted to Christ; but, although it was betrayed and exposed, which is …
A commentator
Gregory the DialogistCommentary on 1 Kings, Book 3, Chapter 3 · Written before 604.
proposed
2. That is, in the temple, where the ark of God had been placed. What then does it mean to restore Dagon to his place, if not, in light of the already known truth of spiritual sacraments, to examine the state of idolatry with subtle consideration? And because the more subtly the error of idolatry is examined, the more truly it is condemned, it is added: (Verse 4.) And rising again at dawn, they found Dagon lying on his face before the ark of the Lord.
4 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
Down he comes before the ark, directly towards it (though the ark was set on one side of him), as it were, pointing to the conqueror, to whom he is constrained to yield and do homage. Note, The kingdom of Satan will certainly fall before the kingdom of Christ, error before truth, profaneness before godliness, and corruption before grace in the hearts of the faithful.
And when they of Ashdod arose early on the morrow, Either the people, the inhabitants of the place, who came early to pay their devotions to their idol, before they went on their business; or the priests of the idol, who came to sacrifice in the morning: and, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the earth before the ark of the Lord; as if he was subject to it, and giving adoration to it, and owning it was above him, and had superior power over him: and they took Dagon, and set him in his place again; having no notion that it was owing to the ark of God, or to the God of Israel, that he was fallen, but that it was a matter of chance.
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
The Ark of the Lord was captured by the Philistines though it was guarded by all the men of arms that Israel could muster for the battle. It came to no hurt when it was surrounded by unarmed priests—although the times were exceedingly disturbed and perilous all through the dreary period of the Judges, yet never was the Ark a captive till it was protected by carnal weapons. When those whom God had ordained to take care of the Ark of the Covenant had it in their charge, it was safe enough.
The Ark of the Lord was captured by the Philistines though it was guarded by all the men of arms that Israel could muster for the battle. It came to no hurt when it was surrounded by unarmed priests—although the times were exceedingly disturbed and perilous all through the dreary period of the Judges, yet never was the Ark a captive till it was protected by carnal weapons. When those whom God had ordained to take care of the Ark of the Covenant had it in their charge, it was safe enough. But when the proud banners of the State and the warlike array of the nation formed the bodyguard of the sacred shrine, the Ark of God was taken. When the civil power was joined with the spiritual, and the arm of flesh came in to patronize and to take into connection with itself the arm of God's strength, then it was that the Ark was borne away in triumph by its foes! All through human history you will find the explanation of this instructive fact—leave God's Truth alone and it will take care of itself without the aid of kings and princes, laws or establishments, endowments or privileges. Only state the pure Truth of Revelation and it will force its own way. But garnish and adorn it by your eloquent language, or protect and guard it by your carnal wisdom and prudence—and the Truth of God goes into captivity. Leave the Church alone, O you kings and princes, or persecute it if you will, for it will laugh your opposition to scorn! Do not pretend to propagate its doctrines by the civil power, for this is the worst curse that can befall it! Take it under your patronage and the mere touch of your royal hands will create disease within it! Almost to the death has the so-called "Church" come down when her ministers, like Hophni and Phineas, have allied themselves with the temporal power, for God will do His work by His own instruments and in His own way.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
On the verses either side of this one
Beside Dagon. The idol was made in the form of a fish. 1 From the word דָג [=fish]. Some say that from the waist up it had a human form with hands, and from the waist down it looked like a fish.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 6 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
17 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וַיַּשְׁכִּ֤מוּ | vaiyashkimu | and they rose early | H7925 → | 65 times |
| אַשְׁדּוֹדִים֙ | ʾashdodim | [the] Ashdodites | H796 → | |
| מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת | mimochorat | from [the] next day | H4283 → | 32 times |
| וְהִנֵּ֣ה | vehineh | and there! | H2009 → | 843 times |
| דָג֗וֹן | dagon | Dagon | H1712 → | 13 times |
| נֹפֵ֤ל | nofel | [was] fallen | H5307 → | 435 times |
| לְפָנָיו֙ | lefanav | to face its | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| אַ֔רְצָה | ʾartzah | [the] ground towards | H776 → | 2504 times |
| לִפְנֵ֖י | lifnei | <to> before | H6440 → | 2123 times |
| אֲר֣וֹן | ʾaron | [the] ark of | H727 → | 202 times |
| יְהוָ֑ה | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
| וַיִּקְחוּ֙ | vaiyikchu | and they took | H3947 → | 966 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| דָּג֔וֹן | dagon | Dagon | H1712 → | 13 times |
| וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ | vaiyashivu | and they returned | H7725 → | 1056 times |
| אֹת֖וֹ | ʾoto | <obj.> it | H853 → | 10935 times |
| לִמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃ | limkomo | to place its | H4725 → | 401 times |
וַיַּשְׁכִּ֤מוּand they rose early
vaiyashkimuH7925 →65 times
אַשְׁדּוֹדִים֙[the] Ashdodites
ʾashdodimH796 →
מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔תfrom [the] next day
mimochoratH4283 →32 times
וְהִנֵּ֣הand there!
vehinehH2009 →843 times
דָג֗וֹןDagon
dagonH1712 →13 times
נֹפֵ֤ל[was] fallen
nofelH5307 →435 times
לְפָנָיו֙to face its
lefanavH6440 →2123 times
אַ֔רְצָה[the] ground towards
ʾartzahH776 →2504 times
לִפְנֵ֖י<to> before
lifneiH6440 →2123 times
אֲר֣וֹן[the] ark of
ʾaronH727 →202 times
יְהוָ֑הYahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
וַיִּקְחוּ֙and they took
vaiyikchuH3947 →966 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
דָּג֔וֹןDagon
dagonH1712 →13 times
וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּand they returned
vaiyashivuH7725 →1056 times
אֹת֖וֹ<obj.> it
ʾotoH853 →10935 times
לִמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃to place its
limkomoH4725 →401 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Mark 3:11And when the unclean spirits saw Him, they fell down before Him and cried out, “You are the Son of God!”
it leads to
- Luke 4:41
Demons also came out of many people, shouting, “You are the Son of God!” But He rebuked the demons and would not allow them to speak, because they knew He was the Christ.
- Luke 8:28
When the man saw Jesus, he cried out and fell down before Him, shouting in a loud voice, “What do You want with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? I beg You…
- Mark 1:23–24
Suddenly a man with an unclean spirit cried out in the synagogue:
- Matthew 8:29
“What do You want with us, Son of God?” they shouted. “Have You come here to torture us before the appointed time?”
- James 2:19
You believe that God is one. Good for you! Even the demons believe that—and shudder.
- Luke 4:41
Through
Isaiah 46:7They lift it to their shoulder and carry it along; they set it in its place, and there it stands, not budging from that spot. They cry out to it, but it does not…
it leads to
- Isaiah 45:20
Come, gather together, and draw near, you fugitives from the nations. Ignorant are those who carry idols of wood and pray to a god that cannot save.
- Jeremiah 10:5
Like scarecrows in a cucumber patch, their idols cannot speak. They must be carried because they cannot walk. Do not fear them, for they can do no harm, and neither can they do any…
- Isaiah 45:20
Through
Isaiah 19:1This is the burden against Egypt: Behold, the LORD rides on a swift cloud; He is coming to Egypt. The idols of Egypt will tremble before Him, and the hearts of the Egyptians will…
it leads to
- Exodus 12:12
On that night I will pass through the land of Egypt and strike down every firstborn male, both man and beast, and I will execute judgment against all the gods of Egypt. I am…
- Exodus 12:12
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies2
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About 1 Samuel

This page draws on 9 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Bede, Commentary on Samuel; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1342: “Dagon's Ups and Downs” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Gregory the Dialogist, Commentary on 1 Kings, Book 3, Chapter 3; John Chrysostom, DISCOURSES AGAINST JUDAIZING CHRISTIANS 6.7.1; John Chrysostom, DISCOURSE ON BLESSED BABYLAS 1.6; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Theodoret of Cyrus, ON DIVINE PROVIDENCE 10.50-51.
