1 Chronicles3chapter 3

1 Chronicles 3:1-4

the sons of David: The six sons born to David at Hebron repeat 2 Samuel 3:2-5's list with one variant, Chileab renamed Daniel here, and Chronicles never returns to tell what these names meant for the kingdom: no note on Amnon's crime, no note on Absalom's revolt against his own father, both already told in Samuel. Verse 4 closes the Hebron count with the reign length Samuel and Kings already record, seven years and six months there and thirty three in Jerusalem, forty years in all.

1 Chronicles 3:5-9

The four sons born to Bathsheba appear here under the name Bathshua, daughter of Ammiel, spellings the old commentators read as transposed forms of Bathsheba and Eliam rather than a different woman. Verse 9 closes the roster by naming Tamar, the only daughter of David the Bible ever names, set beside sons born to concubines whose names Chronicles does not record. Solomon stands fourth of the four, the son this book will trace through sixteen generations to the exile and beyond.

1 Chronicles 3:10-14

Solomon’s son was Rehoboam: Verses 10 to 14 run the royal line in one column from Solomon to Josiah, sixteen kings in direct father to son succession, a transmission the old commentators call rare among the world's crowns and read as the reward promised David for his own piety. Chronicles gives only the names here; the failures and reforms of these same kings already stand fully told in the parallel Kings exposition. The column ends at Josiah, the last king of this line to die on the throne before it breaks into brothers and captives in the verses that follow.

1 Chronicles 3:15-16

Josiah's four sons are ordered by more than birth: Johanan is named nowhere else in Scripture and likely died young, and Shallum, the throne name Jehoahaz carried in Kings, stands fourth though he was the older of the two brothers who briefly reigned. Verse 16 then places a second Zedekiah as Jehoiakim's son, a name distinct from Josiah's son in the verse before, and the commentators read it either as a king otherwise unrecorded or as Chronicles calling a successor a son whether or not the blood ran that way. Kings supplies the fuller story of this generation's rapid turnover, four rulers inside twenty three years, that Chronicles compresses here to a name list.

1 Chronicles 3:17-19

Assir in verse 17 is read by several commentators not as a fourth son but as Jeconiah's own title, the prisoner, marking that Salathiel was born to a king already captive in Babylon, the same captivity Matthew 1:12 has in view when it names Salathiel as Jeconiah's son. Jeremiah had written this king childless as to the throne, and the family line in these verses answers that word without reversing it, continuing without a king of its own returning to sit on it. Verse 19 makes Zerubbabel the son of Pedaiah rather than of Salathiel as the New Testament names him, a difference the commentators resolve as an heir standing in a dead kinsman's place rather than a contradiction of the record.

1 Chronicles 3:20-24

From Zerubbabel's children in verse 20 the list runs four more generations to Anani in verse 24, a remnant with no throne shown that its royal house still has sons and grandsons after the return from Babylon. Some Jewish tradition, recorded by Jarchi and repeated by Adam Clarke, reads the last name Anani as a title reaching toward the Messiah, drawn from Daniel's one like the Son of man coming with the clouds, a reading the text itself does not make and Chronicles does not develop. The chapter that opened with a king's sons born at Hebron closes with an ordinary list of names still going, David's house outliving the kingdom by generations.