Skip to content
mannafest.faith

Song of Solomon 6:10

in Song of Solomon 6

Who is this who shines like the dawn, as fair as the moon, as bright as the sun, as majestic as the stars in procession?

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, Fair as the moon, Clear as the sun, Terrible as an army with banners?

KJV

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, fair as the moon, clear as the sun, and terrible as an army with banners?

This verse in Song of Solomon 6

Commentary

24 notes on this verse

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 13 · Written in the 13th century.

Concerning the second allegory, about the blessed Virgin Mary, it is said in the Psalm: "He has pitched a tent there for the sun." Wherefore she is "as beautiful as the moon, as resplendent as the sun, as awe-inspiring as bannered troops." Hence she is …

This site's exposition

Who is this who shines like the dawn

"Who is this who shines like the dawn" is read by most commentators as the question of the queens and concubines after verse 9. The images rise to "the moon" and "the sun," each brighter than the last, and close on "as majestic as the stars in procession."

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

LETTER 199:39 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

The church is the sun and the moon and the stars, to which it was said, "Fair as the moon, bright as the sun." By it our Joseph is adored in this world as in Egypt, when he is raised from humble to high estate.

A commentator

Aponius

EXPOSITION OF SONG OF SONGS 9:30 · Written before 500.

proposed

By clinging continually to God the Word, she is made wholly on fire, like a burning coal. Also like a burning coal among a number of dead coals, when joined to the others, she ignites them all. Thus, in the midst of the souls of …

A commentator

Theodoret of Cyrus

COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 6 · Written before 458.

proposed

"As beautiful as the special moon." The experts in these matters say the moon gets its light from the sun's rays and gets partial light when a small part of it faces the sun. When it is directly opposite and is in full view of …

A commentator

Theodoret of Cyrus

COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 6 · Written before 458.

proposed

The bride, however, is not only "like a special moon," but also she will shine in the future life "like a sun," astounding all with its brightness. They will marvel not only at her light but also at her orderliness. There is nothing disordered about …

A commentator

Cassiodorus

Commentary (church-history corpus) · Written before 585.

proposed

You are rightly compared with this figure since you raise your precious head over all races, and you transmit the souls of the just like resplendent stars to the kingdom above. You are a pyramid full of heavenly corn, the blessed gathering of saintly people …
17 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Cassiodorus

EXPOSITION OF THE PSALMS, PREFACE 17 · Written before 585.

proposed

You are properly compared to this figure since you raise up your precious head from all the nations, and you conduct the souls of the just, like exceptional lights to the kingdom above. You are a pyramid filled with heavenly corn, the blessed gathering of …

The Medieval Church9 voices

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 2 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

Faith is a union of the Head with the body. The shining of light as related to faith is called allegory, and it is twofold, one directed to the Head and the other to the body. For there is one directed to the crucified Head, …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 18 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

These four fruits come forth in an orderly manner. Consideration in a direct line through the help of the citizens of heaven disposes toward the first act of wisdom, seen to be "as awe-inspiring as bannered troops" and the "companies of the camps."

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 16 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

Again, there is a comparison of times three by three, as of the origin, promotion and fall of the Synagogue; and in the Church, the times of its beginning, expansion, and consummation. Hence, in the Canticle, there are three expressions of wonder: "Who is this," …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 15 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

The third comparison between the Old and the New Testaments is related to a threefold division, for there is a time when the Synagogue was initiated, another when it was promoted, and yet another when it failed. Likewise, in the New Testament, there is a …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 4 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

When these senses have been recovered, while the soul sees and hears, smells, tastes, and embraces its spouse, it can sing as a bride the Song of Songs, which was composed for the exercise of contemplation according to this fourth degree, which no one grasps …

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on the Song of Songs · Written before 735.

proposed

Who is this that comes forth, etc. Therefore, this Synagogue, converted to the faith of Christ, speaks, marveling at the Church being exalted by divine grace so much that it cannot be overcome by any powers of the worldly empire, even though it is very …

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on the Song of Songs · Written before 735.

proposed

Beautiful as the moon, chosen as the sun, etc. Beautiful as the moon, because illuminated by the Sun of righteousness, it passes through the night of this world, and floods it with the light of heavenly knowledge and evangelical way of life; chosen as the …

A commentator

Robert of Tombelaine

Commentary on the Song of Songs, Chapter 6 · Written in the 11th century.

proposed

The holy Church advances like the rising dawn in the last judgment, because, having left behind the darkness of corruption, she is renewed by the brightness of incorruption. She is rightly called chosen as the sun, because she is brought to the same glory to …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Breviloquium, Part 6 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

Since there can be no perfect cure without the conservation of the health that has been introduced; and the health that has been introduced cannot be conserved in the conflict of battle except in the battle-line of the Church, which is terrible as an army …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning?.... These words may be connected with the preceding, by a supplement of the word "saying"; and so may express what the daughters said, when they blessed and praised the church, wondering at her beauty, it being like the rising morning; so Helena is said to show her beautiful face, αως αντελλοισα, as the morning, when it springs forth (n): there was a city in the tribe of Reuben, called Zarethshahar, the beauty or splendour of the morning, Jos 13:

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

The Jewish church was fair as the moon; the ceremonial law was an imperfect light; it shone by reflection; it was changing as the moon, did not make day, nor had the sun of righteousness yet risen. But the Christian church is clear as the sun, exhibits a great light to those that sat in darkness. Or we may apply it to the kingdom of grace, the gospel-kingdom.

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

Who - These are the words of the queens and concubines. Who, what manner of person is this, how excellent and glorious! Morning - As the morning light, which coming after the darkness, is very pleasant and amiable.

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

Historically (Ac 5:24-39). as the morning--As yet she is not come to the fulness of her light (Pr 4:18). moon--shining in the night, by light borrowed from the sun; so the bride, in the darkness of this world, reflects the light of the Sun of righteousness (2Co 3:18). sun--Her light of justification is perfect, for it is His (2Co 5:21;

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Looketh forth as the morning - The bride is as lovely as the dawn of day, the Aurora, or perhaps the morning star, Venus. She is even more resplendent, she is as beautiful as the Moon. She even surpasses her, for she is as clear and bright as the Sun; and dangerous withal to look on, for she is as formidable as the vast collection of lights that burn by night at the head of every company in a numerous caravan. See the note on Son 6:4 (note).
The chorus address the bride here only as the Shulamite, and beg her to perform for their entertainment a sacred dance (see Son 6:13) of her own country. The bride, after complying with their request, while they sing some stanzas in her praise Son 7:1-5, and after receiving fresh commendations from the king Son 7:6-10, invites him to return with her to her mother’s house Cant. 7:11–8:4. Many Jewish allegorists interpret the whole as referring to the times of the second temple, and to the present dispersion of Israel, during which, God continuing to vouchsafe His mercy, Israel prays for final restoration, the coming of Messiah, and the glory of the latter day. Christian interpreters have made similar applications to the now militant Church looking for the Second Advent, or to the ancient synagogue praying for the Incarnation. As the morning - The glorious beauty of the bride bursts upon them like a second dawn, as she comes forth to meet them at the commencement of another day. Special poetical words are used for “sun” (burning heat) and “moon” (white one). The same terms are applied to sun and moon in Isa 24:23; Isa 30:26.

Modern Voices1 voice

A commentator

GK Chesterton

Orthodoxy, Ch. 5: The Flag of the World (1908) (1908)

proposed

Christianity came into the world firstly in order to assert with violence that a man had not only to look inwards, but to look outwards, to behold with astonishment and enthusiasm a divine company and a divine captain. The only fun of being a Christian …

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

The nations said, “The deeds of this people are like daybreak.
Targum · Aramaic Targum to Song of Songs 6:10, via Sefaria, English Translation by Jay Treat
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
I went down to the garden of nuts. This too is the words of the Divine Presence, “Behold, I have come to this second Beis Hamikdosh, to you.”
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on Song of Songs 6:11:1, via Sefaria, The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 3 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

11 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • מִי־who?

    mi-H4310 →423 times

  • זֹ֥אתthis

    zotH2063 →603 times

  • הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה[is] the [one who] looks down

    hanishkafahH8259 →

  • כְּמוֹ־like

    kemov-H3644 →

  • שָׁ֑חַר[the] dawn

    shacharH7837 →

  • יָפָ֣הbeautiful

    yafahH3303 →42 times

  • כַלְּבָנָ֗הlike the full moon

    khalevanahH3842 →

  • בָּרָה֙pure

    barahH1249 →

  • כַּֽחַמָּ֔הlike the sun

    kachamahH2535 →

  • אֲיֻמָּ֖הmajestic

    ʾayumahH366 →

  • כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת׃ סlike <the> hosts with banners

    kanidgalotH1713 →4 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Isaiah 58:8

    Then your light will break forth like the dawn, and your healing will come quickly. Your righteousness will go before you, and the glory of the LORD will be your rear guard.

    it leads to

    • Isaiah 52:12

      For you will not leave in a hurry nor flee in haste, for the LORD goes before you, and the God of Israel is your rear guard.

    • Jeremiah 33:6

      Nevertheless, I will bring to it health and healing, and I will heal its people and reveal to them the abundance of peace and truth.

    • Psalms 37:6

      He will bring forth your righteousness like the dawn, your justice like the noonday sun.

    • Jeremiah 30:17

      But I will restore your health and heal your wounds, declares the LORD, because they call you an outcast, Zion, for whom no one cares.”

    • Psalms 85:13

      Righteousness will go before Him to prepare the way for His steps.

  • Through

    Ephesians 5:27

    and to present her to Himself as a glorious church, without stain or wrinkle or any such blemish, but holy and blameless.

    it leads to

    • Colossians 1:22

      But now He has reconciled you by Christ’s physical body through death to present you holy, unblemished, and blameless in His presence—

    • Hebrews 9:14

      how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself unblemished to God, purify our consciences from works of death, so that we may serve the living God!

    • 1 Peter 1:19

      but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or spot.

Where this verse is studied

On this page

About Song of Solomon

The Beloved or The Bride, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, between 1865 and 1866. Public domain.
The Beloved or The Bride, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, between 1865 and 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 23 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Aponius, EXPOSITION OF SONG OF SONGS 9:30; Augustine of Hippo, LETTER 199:39; Bede, Commentary on the Song of Songs; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 13; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 2; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 18; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 16; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 15; Bonaventure, Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 4; Bonaventure, Breviloquium, Part 6; Cassiodorus, Commentary (church-history corpus); Cassiodorus, EXPOSITION OF THE PSALMS, PREFACE 17; Franz Delitzsch, Commentary on the Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes; GK Chesterton, Orthodoxy, Ch. 5: The Flag of the World (1908); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Robert of Tombelaine, Commentary on the Song of Songs, Chapter 6 and Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 6.