Isaiah 32:20
in Isaiah 32Blessed are those who sow beside abundant waters, who let the ox and donkey range freely.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Blessed are ye that sow beside all waters, that send forth the feet of the ox and the ass.
KJV
Blessed are ye that sow beside all waters, that send forth thither the feet of the ox and the ass.
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This verse in Isaiah 32
Commentary
20 notes on this verseAccordingly, like a perfect man learned in the law and made firm in the gospel, accept the faith of both Testaments, for, as we read today, "Blessed is he who sows upon every water, where the ox and the donkey tread," that is, who sows upon the people who follow the teaching of both Testaments. This is the ploughman's ox, wearing the yoke of the law, of which the law says, "You shall not muzzle the ox that treads out your corn," for this ox has the horns of holy Scripture.
This site's exposition
hail will level the forest
on Isaiah 32:19-20
The chapter sets judgment beside the promise of peace: "But hail will level the forest". It closes with a blessing on "those who sow beside abundant waters, who let the ox and donkey range freely". John Gill read it as peace so full that working animals labor free of raids.
This site's exposition
who sow beside abundant waters
Land beside abundant waters was the field most likely to bear good fruit. Adam Clarke cited a traveller who watched rice sown on flooded land, where the ox and donkey first trod the ground. The chapter ends in the fields mourned in verse 12.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
Let them take as much pleasure as they please in their Gallican geldings; we will be satisfied with the simple "donkey" of Zechariah, loosed from its halter and made ready for the Savior's service, which received the Lord on its back and so fulfilled Isaiah's prediction: "Blessed is he that sows beside all waters, where the ox and the donkey tread under foot."
(Verse 9 and following) Women of wealth, rise up and listen to my voice: confident daughters, hear my words. After days and years, you will be troubled, O confident ones: for the harvest is complete, and there will be no more gathering. O women of wealth, be astounded, be troubled: strip yourselves and be ashamed. As Symmachus interpreted, expose yourselves: it continues. Gird your loins, beat your breasts, over the desirable region, over the fertile vineyard: over the ground of my people, thorns and thistles will grow: how much more over all the houses of the joyful city?
Only let us not be condemned for frivolity by asking for little, and for what is unworthy of the giver. Blessed is he from whom Jesus asks drink, as he did from that Samaritan woman, and gives a well of water springing up unto eternal life. Blessed is he that sows beside all waters, and upon every soul, tomorrow to be ploughed and watered, which today the ox and the donkey tread, while it is dry and without water, and oppressed with lack of rationality. And blessed is he who, though he be a "valley of rushes," is watered out of the house of the Lord; for he is made fruit-bearing instead of rush-bearing and produces that which is for the food of man, not that which is rough and unprofitable. And for the sake of this we must be very careful not to miss the grace.
The prophet says, "Blessed is he that sows into all waters, whose ox and donkey tread," [that is] the people, from the law and from the Gentiles, gathered into one faith.
The Medieval Church1 voice
By water peoples are denoted, as it is said by John, "Now the waters are peoples." By water likewise not only the tide of peoples drifting away, but also the minds of good men that follow the preachings of faith, are denoted, as the Prophet saith, "Blessed are ye that sow upon all waters." And it is said by the Psalmist; "The voice of the Lord is upon the waters."
12 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church3 voices
What else is meant by 'seed,' but the word of preaching? As the Truth says in the Gospel, "A sower went forth to sow"; and as the Prophet says; "Blessed are ye who sow upon all waters." What else but the Church, ought to be understood by the threshing floor? Of which it is said by the voice of the Forerunner; "And He will throughly purge His floor."
Here he shows the prophet's congratulation: upon waters, that is, upon the places that are fertile from the abundance of the waters; sending thither the foot of the ox and the ass, not at the same time, for this was prohibited: you shall not plough …
Note also on the words, blessed are you that sow upon waters, that the teaching of the Lord is water: first, because it abounds: I, wisdom, have poured out rivers (Sir 24:40); second, because it cools: as cold water to a thirsty soul (Prov 25:25); …
The Puritans and the Awakening5 voices
Waters - In all moist grounds, which are like to yield good fruit. But this also is to be understood of the times of the gospel, and of the great and happy success of the ministers of it.
This is applicable, [1.] To the preaching of the word. Some think it points at the ministry of the apostles, who, as husbandmen, went forth to sow their seed ( Matt. xiii. 3 ); they sowed beside all waters; they preached the gospel wherever they came.
), which promise may be supposed to look as far forward as the days of the Messiah. 1 Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in judgment.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens
Blessed are ye that sow beside all waters,.... In places well watered and moistened, and so fit to receive the seed sown, which grows up, and brings forth much fruit, and amply rewards the pains of the sower, who on that account is happy.
The pious designs of good princes are likely to take effect when their subjects allow themselves liberty to consider, and to think, so freely as to take things right.
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
That sow beside all waters “Who sow your seed in every well-watered place” - Sir John Chardin’s note on this place is: “This exactly answers the manner of planting rice; for they sow it upon the water, and before sowing, while the earth is covered with water, they cause the ground to be trodden by oxen, horses, and asses, who go mid-leg deep; and this is the way of preparing the ground for sowing.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
CASTALIO thinks there is an allusion to the Mosaic precept, not to plough with an ox and ass together, mystically implying that the Jew was to have no intercourse with Gentiles; the Gospel abolishes this distinction (Col 3:11); thus the sense here is, Blessed are ye that sow the gospel seed without distinction of race in the teachers or the taught.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Address to the women of Jerusalem who troubled themselves little about the political signs of the times, but lived a life of self-indulgence (Isa 3:16-23); the failure of food through the devastations of the enemy is here foretold, being what was most likely to affect them as mothers of families, heretofore accustomed to every luxury.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Blessed are ye - The sense of this verse is, that while the enemies of the Jews would be overthrown, they themselves would be permitted to cultivate their lands in security. Instead of predicting this directly, the prophet implies that this would occur, by declaring that those who were permitted to do this were happy. That sow beside all waters - Hebrew, ‘Upon (על ‛al) all waters.’ This may mean that they selected places near running streams as being most fertile; or it may refer, as Lowth supposes, to the manner of sowing grain, and particularly rice, in eastern countries. This is done by casting the seed upon the water. This custom is referred to in Ecc 11:1: ‘Cast thy bread,’ that is, thy seed, ‘upon the waters, for thou shalt find it after many days;’ that is, cast thy seed upon the waters when the river overflows the banks, and the seed will sink into the slime and mud, and will spring up when the waters subside, and you will find it again after many days in a rich and luxuriant harvest. Sir John Chardin thus describes this mode of sowing: They sow it (the rice) upon the water; and before sowing, while the earth is covered with water, they cause the ground to be trodden by oxen, horses, and asses, who go mid-leg deep; and this is the way they prepare the ground for sowing’ (Harmer’s Obs. vol. i. p. 280). That send forth thither the feet of the ox and the ass - That is, for the purpose of treading the earth while the water is on it, and preparing it for the seed. In this way the ground would need no plowing, but the seed would fall into the slime, and be sufficiently covered when the waters should subside. The idea in this verse is, that there would be a state of security succeeding the destruction of their enemies; and that they would be permitted to pursue the cultivation of the soil, unannoyed and undisturbed.
The words behind it
9 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| אַשְׁרֵיכֶ֕ם | ʾashreikhem | how blessed [are]! you | H835 → | 45 times |
| זֹרְעֵ֖י | zoreei | O [those who] sow | H2232 → | 56 times |
| עַל־ | ʾal- | at | H5921 → | 5755 times |
| כָּל־ | kol- | every | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| מָ֑יִם | mayim | water | H4325 → | 581 times |
| מְשַׁלְּחֵ֥י | meshalechei | O [those who] let loose | H7971 → | 845 times |
| רֶֽגֶל־ | regel- | [the] foot of | H7272 → | 247 times |
| הַשּׁ֖וֹר | hashor | the ox | H7794 → | 79 times |
| וְהַחֲמֽוֹר׃ ס | vehachamor | and the donkey | H2543 → | 96 times |
אַשְׁרֵיכֶ֕םhow blessed [are]! you
ʾashreikhemH835 →45 times
זֹרְעֵ֖יO [those who] sow
zoreeiH2232 →56 times
עַל־at
ʾal-H5921 →5755 times
כָּל־every
kol-H3605 →5413 times
מָ֑יִםwater
mayimH4325 →581 times
מְשַׁלְּחֵ֥יO [those who] let loose
meshalecheiH7971 →845 times
רֶֽגֶל־[the] foot of
regel-H7272 →247 times
הַשּׁ֖וֹרthe ox
hashorH7794 →79 times
וְהַחֲמֽוֹר׃ סand the donkey
vehachamorH2543 →96 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
James 3:18Peacemakers who sow in peace reap the fruit of righteousness.
it leads to
- Matthew 5:9
Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called sons of God.
- Hosea 10:12
Sow for yourselves righteousness and reap the fruit of loving devotion; break up your unplowed ground. For it is time to seek the LORD until He comes and sends righteousness upon you like rain.
- Philippians 1:11
filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God.
- Isaiah 32:16–17
Then justice will inhabit the wilderness, and righteousness will dwell in the fertile field.
- Matthew 5:9
Through
Ecclesiastes 11:1Cast your bread upon the waters, for after many days you will find it again.
it leads to
- Proverbs 19:17
Kindness to the poor is a loan to the LORD, and He will repay the lender.
- Ecclesiastes 11:6
Sow your seed in the morning, and do not rest your hands in the evening, for you do not know which will succeed, whether this or that, or if both will equally prosper.
- Matthew 10:42
And if anyone gives even a cup of cold water to one of these little ones because he is My disciple, truly I tell you, he will never lose his reward.”
- Hebrews 6:10
For God is not unjust. He will not forget your work and the love you have shown for His name as you have ministered to the saints and continue to do so.
- Proverbs 19:17
About Isaiah

This page draws on 16 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Isaiah; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, Letter 63.88; Clement of Alexandria, The Stromata Book 6; Gregory of Nazianzus, ON HOLY BAPTISM, ORATION 40:27; Gregory the Dialogist, Morals on the Book of Job, Book 19; Gregory the Dialogist, Morals on the Book of Job, Book 31; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, LETTER 27.3; Jerome, Commentary on Isaiah; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Isaiah.
