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1 Kings 5:14

in 1 Kings 5

He sent them to Lebanon in monthly shifts of 10,000 men, so that they would spend one month in Lebanon and two months at home. And Adoniram was in charge of the forced labor.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And he sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month by courses; a month they were in Lebanon, and two months at home: and Adoniram was over the men subject to taskwork.

KJV

And he sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month by courses: a month they were in Lebanon, and two months at home: and Adoniram was over the levy.

This verse in 1 Kings 5

Commentary

7 notes on this verse

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

It was temple service, yet Solomon takes care that they shall not be over-worked. Great men ought to consider that their servants must rest as well as they.

This site's exposition

king Solomon raised a levy

on 1 Kings 5:13-14

Barnes notes what the text does not say outright, that this is apparently the first time Israelites themselves are put under a forced levy, the very thing Samuel warned of at 1 Samuel 8:11-17 when the people asked for a king. Solomon rotates the thirty thousand a month in Lebanon and two months at home under Adoniram, a real mercy in the terms, yet it is Israelite men, not only the conquered peoples of 9:20-22, standing in the muster for the first time. The northern elders will name this same levy by memory at 12:4, asking Rehoboam to lighten the grievous service his father laid on them; the seed is planted here, chapters and a generation before it splits the kingdom.

The record, by era

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Bede

Of the Temple of Solomon 1.3.1 · Written before 735.

proposed

The first thing to note here is that it was not for nothing that Solomon chose workmen from all Israel, nor was there any section of the people from which men fit for such a great task were not taken, because, of course, priests nowadays …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

It is here said of Hiram their king that he was ever a lover of David; and we have reason to think he was a worshipper of the true God, and had himself renounced, though he could not reform, the idolatry of his city.
And he sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month by courses,....

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

IT was right that when a Te a levy was made and a certain number of men were chosen to work in Lebanon. It was, however, most fitting that work for a gracious God should be joyful work—not the bondage of slaves, but the delight of sons. Solomon did not demand that any Israelite should toil in the mountains and queries for years together and leave his own fields to lie waste, but he decreed that the workers should have one month in Lebanon at work on the Temple and two months at home for their own affairs.
IT was right that when a Te a levy was made and a certain number of men were chosen to work in Lebanon. It was, however, most fitting that work for a gracious God should be joyful work—not the bondage of slaves, but the delight of sons. Solomon did not demand that any Israelite should toil in the mountains and queries for years together and leave his own fields to lie waste, but he decreed that the workers should have one month in Lebanon at work on the Temple and two months at home for their own affairs. Our God is not a taskmaster—and sacred service should not sour into forced labor! Self-sacrifice is the soul of true religion, but we must not demand of others that which would turn religion into slavery. Solomon knew that the common people would grow weary of working even for Jehovah, Himself, if they were taken away from their own families and inheritance altogether and, therefore, in his wisdom he put it so—"One month in Lebanon, and two months at home." I am about to draw from this text two lessons. They are these—first, that you and I ought to be rendering service to the Lord our God and assisting to build up His spiritual Temple. But secondly, that while we labor abroad, we must be doubly careful to watch over our own households and our own souls. Marthas must also be Marys. We are bound to serve, but we must not be cumbered with much serving. We must work with Martha and yet sit with Mary at the Master's feet—there must be one month in Lebanon and two months at home! I. First, then, WE ARE BOUND TO DO SERVICE FOR OUR KING—service for the living Temple of our God. It is not enough for us to say, "I believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and, therefore, I am saved." That is notthe end of it all, otherwise religion were a grand piece of selfishness! Our souls may not be hooped in within our own ribs.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

On the verses either side of this one

He spoke of trees. Which medical remedy is derived from each [tree], and that a particular tree is best suited for that type of building or to be planted in a particular field.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on I Kings 5:13:1, via Sefaria, The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 4 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

15 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֣םand he sent them

    vaiyishlachemH7971845 times

  • לְבָנ֗וֹנָהLebanon towards

    levanonahH384471 times

  • עֲשֶׂ֨רֶתten

    ʾaseretH6235176 times

  • אֲלָפִ֤יםthousand<s>

    ʾalafimH505505 times

  • בַּחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙in the month

    bachodeshH2320284 times

  • חֲלִיפ֔וֹתrelays

    chalifotH2487

  • חֹ֚דֶשׁa month

    chodeshH2320284 times

  • יִהְי֣וּthey were

    yihyuH19613559 times

  • בַלְּבָנ֔וֹןin <the> Lebanon

    valevanonH384471 times

  • שְׁנַ֥יִםtwo

    shenayimH8147768 times

  • חֳדָשִׁ֖יםmonths

    chodashimH2320284 times

  • בְּבֵית֑וֹin home his

    beveitoH10042046 times

  • וַאֲדֹנִירָ֖םand Adoniram

    vaadoniramH141

  • עַל־[was] over

    ʾal-H59215755 times

  • הַמַּֽס׃ סthe forced labor

    hamasH452223 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

About 1 Kings

Cedars Are Cut Down for the Jerusalem Temple — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
Cedars Are Cut Down for the Jerusalem Temple — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Bede, Of the Temple of Solomon 1.3.1; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3313: “A Practical Discourse” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.