Psalm 64
10 verses · KJVPsalms book hub →
Key verse
Hear my voice, O God, in my prayer: preserve my life from fear of the enemy.
The chapter
Chapter summary
'Hide me from the secret counsel of evil-doers', tongues whet like a sword, arrows aimed in secret at the perfect; 'they encourage themselves in an evil purpose,' saying, Who shall see? But God shall shoot at them; with an arrow suddenly shall they be wounded; their own tongue is made to fall upon themselves. 'And all men shall fear; and they shall declare the work of God', the righteous glad in Jehovah, taking refuge in him.
Context
Poetry · David, Asaph, Sons of Korah, others · Psalms overview
Where the chapter sits
Psalms 64 falls in Book II: Davidic + Korahite (chapters 42–72). Sons of Korah cluster (42–49); Davidic continuation (51–65, 68–70); Ps 51 as penitential anchor (David + Bathsheba). Doxology at 72:18–20: ''the prayers of David the son of Jesse are ended.''
Before it: Book I: Davidic core, chapters 1–41. After it: Book III: Asaph and covenant crisis, chapters 73–89.
The whole shape of Psalms→The world behind this chapter
Psalms 64The history
The whole psalm is built out of hunting and warfare gear. They sharpen the tongue like a sword. They bend the bow to shoot bitter words. Composite bows of horn, wood, and sinew were the serious weapon of the age, and a bowman's advantage was that he shot from cover at a man who never saw him, which is exactly the psalm's complaint about the rumours.
The rest of the history, and what it meant to them
Laying snares in secret is fowling. Bird catchers set a net on a light frame, propped it with a stick, baited the ground, and pulled a cord from a hide. Pits for larger game were dug on trails and covered over. Both worked because the animal could not see the trap until it was in it.
There was a reason enemies used gossip instead of court. Israelite law required two witnesses for an accusation, and a witness proved false received the penalty he had tried to impose. That made a formal charge risky. A whisper campaign carried no such risk and left the victim nothing to answer.
The reversal at the centre of the psalm uses the same weapons: their own tongue falls on them, and God's arrow finds them suddenly. The ambusher gets ambushed.
What it meant to them
For a man whose name was being taken apart in the market and who had no lawful way to answer, this song handed the case up to a judge who did not need two witnesses.
And the result the psalm wants is public. All men shall fear and declare the work of God, the clearing of his name happens where the slander happened.
Sources cited
- John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews & Mark W. Chavalas, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament
- Roland de Vaux, Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions
A. Verses 1 to 10
1. (vv. 1-2)
a.The harm named is dread of the enemy. He asks to be hidden from the scheming of the wicked and from the mob of workers of iniquity. Barnes reads the danger as a plot he cannot see.
Psalms 64:1, 2 voicesWhat preachers and commentators have said about these verses, in their own words.
Psalms 64:1
“Hear my voice, O God, in my prayer. It often helps devotion if we are able to use the voice and speak audibly; but even mental prayer has a voice with God which he will hear. We do not read that Moses had spoken with his lips at the Red Sea, and yet the Lord said to him, "Why criest thou unto me?" Prayers which are unheard on earth may be among the best heard in heaven.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
Psalms 64:1
“In singing this psalm we must observe the effect of the old enmity that is in the seed of the woman against the seed of the serpent, and assure ourselves that the serpent's head will be broken, at last, to the honour and joy of the holy seed. Malice of David's Enemies. 1 Hear my voice, O God, in my prayer: preserve my life from fear of the enemy.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Psalms 64:2, 2 voices
Psalms 64:2
“Hide me from the secret counsel of the wicked,.... The word used denotes both the place where wicked men meet together for consultation; see Gen 49:6; and the counsel itself they there take; from the bad effects of which the psalmist desired to be hid and preserved. So Saul and his courtiers secretly took counsel against David, and the Jews against Christ, and that very privily and secretly; see Mat 26:3; from the insurrection of the workers of iniquity; their noise, rage, and tumult; see Psa 2:”
Psalms 64:2
“Hide me from the secret counsel of the wicked. From their hidden snares hide me. Circumvent their counsel; let their secrets be met by thy secret providence, their counsels of malice by thy counsels of love. From the insurrection of the workers of iniquity. When their secret counsels break forth into clamorous tumults, be thou still my preserver.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
2. (vv. 3-6)
a.Their speech is the weapon. They sharpen the tongue to a sword, shoot the bitter word like an arrow, and ambush the innocent in seclusion, asking who will see them. Gill takes the deep heart of verse 6 as a plan no one outside the man can trace.
Psalms 64:3, 2 voices
Psalms 64:3
“Who whet their tongue like a sword. Slander has ever been the master weapon of the good man's enemies, and great is the care of the malicious to use it effectively. As warriors grind their swords, to give them an edge which will cut deep and wound desperately, so do the unscrupulous invent falsehoods which shall be calculated to inflict pain, to stab the reputation, to kill the honour of the righteous. What is there which an evil tongue will not say? What misery will it not labour to inflict?”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
Psalms 64:3-4
“But, (1.) Their tongues are their swords, flaming swords, two-edged swords, drawn swords, drawn in anger, with which they cut, and wound, and kill, the good name of their neighbours. The tongue is a little member, but, like the sword, it boasts great things, Jam. iii. It is a dangerous weapon.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Psalms 64:4, 2 voices
Psalms 64:4
“That they may shoot in secret at the perfect,.... Meaning himself, who though not without sin, and far from perfection in himself, in the sight of God and with respect to his righteous law, which was exceeding broad; and therefore he saw an end of all perfection, and desired that God would not enter into judgment with him; but yet, in the case of Saul, he was quite clear and innocent, and without fault.”
Psalms 64:4
“That they may shoot in secret at the perfect. They lie in ambush, with bows ready bent to aim a coward's shaft at the upright man. Sincere and upright conduct will not secure us from the assaults of slander. The devil shot at our Lord himself, and we may rest assured he has a fiery dart in reserve for us; He was absolutely perfect, we are only so in a relative sense, hence in us there is fuel for fiery darts to kindle on.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
Psalms 64:5, 2 voices
Psalms 64:5
“They encourage themselves in an evil matter. Good men are frequently discouraged, and not infrequently discourage one another, but the children of darkness are wise in their generation and keep their spirits up, and each one has a cheering word to say to his fellow villain. Anything by which they can strengthen each other's hands in their one common design they resort to; their hearts are thoroughly in their black work. They commune of laying snares privily. Laying their heads together they count and recount their various devices, so as to come at some new and masterly device.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
Psalms 64:5
“It is the office of conscience to discourage men in an evil matter, but, when that is baffled, the case is desperate. (2.) They consult with themselves and one another how to do the most mischief and most effectually: They commune of laying snares privily. All their communion is in sin and all their communication is how to sin securely.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Psalms 64:6, 1 voice
Psalms 64:6
“They search out iniquities. Diligently they consider, invent, devise, and seek for wicked plans to wreak their malice. These are no common villains, but explorers in iniquity, inventors and concoctors of evil. Sad indeed it is that to ruin a good man the evil disposed will often show as much avidity as if they were searching after treasure. The Inquisition could display instruments of torture, revealing as much skill as the machinery of our modern exhibitions.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
3. (vv. 7-8)
a.God shoots them with arrows. It is the weapon they made of their words, and the suddenness of verse 4 now falls on them. Their own tongues are turned against them, and those who see shake their heads.
Psalms 64:7, 2 voices
Psalms 64:7
“But God shall shoot at them with an arrow,.... With one or other of his four judgments; famine, pestilence, sword, and wild beasts, Eze 14:21; which he brings upon wicked men; and may be compared to arrows, as they are, Eze 5:16; because they move swiftly.”
Psalms 64:7
“But God shall shoot at them with an arrow. They shot, and shall be shot. A greater archer than they are shall take sure aim at their hearts. One of his arrows shall be enough, for he never misses his aim. The Lord turns the tables on his adversaries, and defeats them at their own weapons. Suddenly shall they be wounded. They were looking to surprise the saint, but, lo! they are taken at unawares themselves; they desired to inflict deadly wounds, and are smitten themselves with wounds which none can heal.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
Psalms 64:8, 1 voice
Psalms 64:8
“When God deals with men according to the desert of their tongue-sins, and brings those mischiefs upon them which they have passionately and maliciously imprecated upon others, then he makes their own tongues to fall upon them; and it is weight enough to sink a man to the lowest hell, like a talent of lead.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
4. (vv. 9-10)
a.The plot's undoing is said out loud. All mankind will fear, proclaim the work of God, and ponder what He has done. The righteous are told to rejoice in the LORD, to take refuge in Him, and to exult as upright in heart.
Psalms 64:9, 2 voices
Psalms 64:9
“And all men shall fear. They shall be filled with awe by the just judgments of God, as the Canaanites were by the overthrow of Pharaoh at the Red Sea. Those who might have been bold in sin shall be made to tremble and to stand in awe of the righteous Judge. And shall declare the work of God. It shall become the subject of general conversation. So strange, so pointed, so terrible shall be the Lord's overthrow of the malicious, that it shall be spoken of in all companies.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
Psalms 64:9
“They shall speak to one another and to all about them of the justice of God in punishing persecutors. What we wisely consider ourselves we should wisely declare to others, for their edification and the glory of God. This is the finger of God.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Psalms 64:10, 1 voice
Psalms 64:10
“The righteous shall be glad in the Lord. Admiring his justice and fully acquiescing in its displays, they shall also rejoice at the rescue of injured innocence yet, their joy shall not be selfish or sensual, but altogether in reference to the Lord. And shall trust in him. Their observation of providence shall increase their faith; since he who fulfils his threatenings will not forget his promises. And all the upright in heart shall glory.”
Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 3 (1872)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical
The text of this chapter
This page carries no textual note on Psalms 64. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →
This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Psalms; Charles Spurgeon; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Psalms; John Gill and Matthew Henry.
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