Parallel translations
4 additional translations▾
Parallel translations
4 additional translationsASV
To whom hast thou uttered words? And whose spirit came forth from thee?
WEB
To whom have you uttered these words? And whose spirit spoke through you?
YLT
With whom hast thou declared words? And whose breath came forth from thee?
DBT
For whom hast thou uttered words? and whose spirit came from thee?
About this book
Old Testament▾
About this book
Old TestamentJob — The canonical wisdom-literature interrogation of undeserved suffering. A prose frame enclosing three cycles of dialogue, a late Elihu interrupt, and a whirlwind theophany that does not answer the question — it relativizes it.
- Author
- Anonymous. Talmudic tradition names Moses (Bava Batra 14b); internal features (patriarchal setting, no Mosaic Law reference, Job sacrificing as family head, *qesitah* currency of Gen 33:19) suggest patriarchal-era composition or at least tradition-origin.
- Date
- Traditional: patriarchal period, c. 2000–1800 BC. Critical proposals scatter across pre-exilic to post-exilic. §7.9 surfaces; Pastor Marc's drawer takes the position.