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Exodus

Exoduschapter 1

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A.Israel Multiplies in Egyptvv. 1-7

1 These are the names of the sons of Israel who went to Egypt with Jacob, each with his family: 2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah; 3 Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin; 4 Dan and Naphtali; Gad and Asher. 5 The descendants of Jacob numbered seventy in all, including Joseph, who was already in Egypt. 6 Now Joseph and all his brothers and all that generation died, 7 but the Israelites were fruitful and increased rapidly; they multiplied and became exceedingly numerous, so that the land was filled with them.

B.A King Who Knew Not Josephvv. 8-14

8 Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt. 9 “Look,” he said to his people, “the Israelites have become too numerous and too powerful for us. 10 Come, let us deal shrewdly with them, or they will increase even more; and if a war breaks out, they may join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.” 11 So the Egyptians appointed taskmasters over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor. As a result, they built Pithom and Rameses as store cities for Pharaoh. 12 But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and flourished; so the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites. 13 They worked the Israelites ruthlessly 14 and made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar, and with all kinds of work in the fields. Every service they imposed was harsh.

C.The Midwives Who Feared Godvv. 15-22

15 Then the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, whose names were Shiphrah and Puah, 16 “When you help the Hebrew women give birth, observe them on the birthstools. If the child is a son, kill him; but if it is a daughter, let her live.” 17 The midwives, however, feared God and did not do as the king of Egypt had instructed; they let the boys live. 18 So the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, “Why have you done this? Why have you let the boys live?” 19 The midwives answered Pharaoh, “The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before a midwife arrives.” 20 So God was good to the midwives, and the people multiplied and became even more numerous. 21 And because the midwives feared God, He gave them families of their own. 22 Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: “Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live.”

Commentary on this chapter: read the Exposition
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Chapter summary

Israel in Egypt.

Read the rest, the context and the outline ▾

Israel in Egypt. ‘There arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.’ The Hebrews multiply; Pharaoh fears them; they are set to hard bondage under taskmasters. Pyramids of brick rise from their sweat. The midwives Shiphrah and Puah refuse to kill the male children and God rewards them with households. Pharaoh escalates: every son cast into the river. The chapter sets the scene. The covenant family has become a slave nation; the ground of their cry is prepared. Henry: God is already preparing a deliverer in a household by the Nile. Judgment on Israel will be the instrument of their deliverance.

Drawn from Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory, Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary, John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and John Calvin, Commentaries.

Context

Law · Moses — Exodus overview

  • A. 1–7 Israel Multiplies in Egypt
  • B. 8–14 A King Who Knew Not Joseph
  • C. 15–22 The Midwives Who Feared God
Top cross-references8 chapters ▾
  • Acts 73 verses
    • Acts 7:14Then Joseph sent for his father Jacob and all his relatives, seventy-five in all.
    • Acts 7:18Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt.
    • Acts 7:19He exploited our people and oppressed our fathers, forcing them to abandon their infants so they would die.
    • Read Acts 7 →
  • Genesis 463 verses
    • Genesis 46:3“I am God,” He said, “the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there.
    • Genesis 46:8Now these are the names of the sons of Israel (Jacob and his descendants) who went to Egypt: Reuben, Jacob’s firstborn.
    • Genesis 46:26All those belonging to Jacob who came to Egypt—his direct descendants, besides the wives of Jacob’s sons—numbered sixty-six persons.
    • Read Genesis 46 →
  • Exodus 13 verses
    • Exodus 1:9“Look,” he said to his people, “the Israelites have become too numerous and too powerful for us.
    • Exodus 1:21And because the midwives feared God, He gave them families of their own.
    • Exodus 1:22Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: “Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live.”
    • Read Exodus 1 →
  • Genesis 352 verses
    • Genesis 35:22While Israel was living in that region, Reuben went in and slept with his father’s concubine Bilhah, and Israel heard about it. Jacob had twelve sons:
    • Genesis 35:23The sons of Leah were Reuben the firstborn of Jacob, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
    • Read Genesis 35 →
4 more chapters this one speaks with
  • Psalms 1052 verses
  • Genesis 502 verses
    • Genesis 50:24Then Joseph said to his brothers, “I am about to die, but God will surely visit you and bring you up from this land to the land He promised on oath to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”
    • Genesis 50:26So Joseph died at the age of 110. And they embalmed his body and placed it in a coffin in Egypt.
    • Read Genesis 50 →
  • Proverbs 12 verses
  • Exodus 22 verses
    • Exodus 2:11One day, after Moses had grown up, he went out to his own people and observed their hard labor. He saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, one of his own people.
    • Exodus 2:23After a long time, the king of Egypt died. The Israelites groaned and cried out under their burden of slavery, and their cry for deliverance from bondage ascended to God.
    • Read Exodus 2 →

Cross-references from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and OpenBible.info.