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Voices and influences

Theophylact of Ohrid

He wrote clear, useful Gospel commentaries while stuck serving a difficult Balkan diocese he never wanted.

Summary

This site quotes Theophylact of Ohrid 461 times across 25 books, and lists 0 works.

  • Lived died 1107.
  • Quoted here most in Acts: 176 of 461.
Theophylact of Ohrid. Painted by Ikonopisatel. The file is marked public domain. This site's record does not give the artist's death year, which is what settles the painting's own rights. The file record

Theophylact of Ohrid

Lived
died 1107
Tradition
Patristic

5 of 461 quotations

Own words

Quoted at 50 words or fewer, because Theophylact of Ohrid's works are in copyright.

As the Lord promised the covetous ruler a treasure in heaven, he nevertheless did not heed, for he was a slave to his treasures, and therefore "became sorrowful" upon hearing the Lord urge him to part with his possessions, since he desired eternal life precisely …

Commentary on Luke, 1107

Luke 18:23 But when the ruler heard this, he became very sad, because he was extremely wealthy. BSB

For that day will not come with observation, but unexpectedly, secretly, like a net capturing those who are inattentive to themselves. Another person might perhaps investigate in detail the expression: "dwelling (sitting) upon the face of all the earth." That day will capture in its …

Commentary on Luke, 1107

Luke 21:35 For it will come upon all who dwell on the face of all the earth. BSB

Everywhere alongside virtue there is vice. Some marveled, others reviled. The former were truly devout; they lived in Jerusalem precisely because the law permitted them to appear three times a year at the temple in Jerusalem.

Commentary on Acts, 1107

Acts 2:7 Astounded and amazed, they asked, “Are not all these men who are speaking Galileans? BSB

Because the words "pray to the Lord for me" Simon said not because he repented and converted, but only for the sake of appearances. For otherwise, where is the weeping? Where is the remorse and confession of sins?

Commentary on Acts, 1107

Acts 8:24 Then Simon answered, “Pray to the Lord for me, so that nothing you have said may happen to me.” BSB

"Having called the saints and widows, he presented her before them alive" – to the former as a consolation, and to the latter as a protectress.

Commentary on Acts, 1107

Acts 9:41 Peter took her by the hand and helped her up. Then he called the saints and widows and presented her to them alive. BSB

Influence, on the record

The life, in order

The life told as one accountfrom this site's record

Theophylact was born about 1050 on the island of Euboea, came to Constantinople, and studied under Michael Psellos, the outstanding scholar of eleventh-century Byzantium. He did well in the capital: he was a deacon of Hagia Sophia, held the post of maistor ton rhetoron — master of the rhetors, the senior teaching chair of the church — and was made tutor to Constantine Doukas, the young heir to the throne. Then, some time in the 1080s or early 1090s, he was appointed archbishop of Ohrid, the head of the Bulgarian church, and sent to the Balkans. His letters make no secret of what he thought about it. He was a Greek intellectual dropped into a Slavic province he found rough, poor, and provincial; he complains about the food, the smell, the mud, the tax collectors who bled his people, and the isolation. He calls himself an exile. He served there for something over twenty years — he was still writing after 1107, and the date of his death is not known. He was also, by the evidence of the same letters, a real pastor. He defended his flock against imperial tax officials, intervened for the poor, argued with governors, and stayed. He learned to respect the Bulgarians he had complained about, and he wrote a life of Clement of Ohrid, the disciple of Cyril and Methodius who had brought Slavic Christianity to that region, honouring the local tradition rather than replacing it. His commentaries are why he is on this wall. He wrote on all four Gospels, on Acts, on the epistles of Paul, on the catholic epistles, and on several minor prophets. They are not original, and he never claimed they were. They are largely a distillation of John Chrysostom, compressed, simplified, and made continuous — Chrysostom's exegesis without Chrysostom's length. That turned out to be exactly what people needed. Theophylact's Gospel commentary became the most widely used handbook on the Gospels in the Greek-speaking church, and it was read in the West too: Erasmus used it, Aquinas used it, and Calvin cites him. He also wrote a temperate treatise on the errors of the Latins, notable in a polemical age for how much of the quarrel he was willing to call a matter of custom rather than heresy. A man who wanted a chair in the capital, got sent to the mountains instead, and spent his exile writing the plainest commentaries in Byzantium. Sources: Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on the Gospels (Migne, Patrologia Graeca, vols. 123–126); Theophylact, Letters; Margaret Mullett, Theophylact of Ochrid: Reading the Letters of a Byzantine Archbishop; The Catholic Encyclopedia (1913).

461 quotations across 25 books

Where this voice is quoted

2 Corinthians 10:6Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

And we will be ready to punish every act of disobedience, as soon as your obedience is complete.

Here he also frightens the Corinthians. We are waiting for you, he says, so that when you have been corrected by our instructions and have ceased your fellowship with the slanderers, we may subject to punishment only those who are incurably afflicted.

2 Corinthians 10:14Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

We are not overstepping our bounds, as if we had not come to you. Indeed, we were the first to reach you with the gospel of Christ.

Probably, the false apostles and those who went somewhere without any preaching boast of their mere arrival and ascribe everything to themselves.

2 Corinthians 11:5Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

I consider myself in no way inferior to those “super-apostles.”

At last he compares himself with the followers of Peter, wishing to show by this that if they know more than he, then they also know more than the chiefest apostles, reducing the matter to absurd conclusions.

2 Corinthians 11:9Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

And when I was with you and in need, I was not a burden to anyone; for the brothers who came from Macedonia supplied my needs.

He arouses jealousy in them in order to further encourage them toward charity, so that, having been surpassed by the Macedonians in providing him with support, they would not also be surpassed by them in almsgiving.

2 Corinthians 11:11Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

Why? Because I do not love you? God knows I do!

Intending to explain the reason why he did not take from them, namely, because of the appearance of false apostles, he thereby undermines the Corinthians' suspicion: you do not take, as it seems, out of hatred toward us.

2 Corinthians 11:17Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

In this confident boasting of mine, I am not speaking as the Lord would, but as a fool.

What I say, he says, is not according to the Lord, that is, these words, but the purpose of these words is entirely in the Lord. And he did not say: in foolishness, but: "as if in foolishness."

2 Corinthians 11:19Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

For you gladly tolerate fools, since you are so wise.

You, he says, compel me to say this; for if you had not received them and I had not seen from this that you had fallen into error, I would not have come to this. By foolish he means those who boast in fleshly things.

2 Corinthians 11:21Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

To my shame I concede that we were too weak for that! Speaking as a fool, however, I can match what anyone else dares to boast about.

Here is the highest degree of humiliation of the Corinthians and the arrogance of the false apostles, for the false apostles treated them like slaves.

2 Corinthians 11:26Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

In my frequent journeys, I have been in danger from rivers and from bandits, in danger from my countrymen and from the Gentiles, in danger in the city and in…

Everywhere the devil raised up battles, and everywhere God offered rewards for struggles; for both from the pagans and from his fellow tribesmen the Jews, who were hardened against him out of envy, robbers were instigated. Was he safe, at least, in the city?

2 Corinthians 11:30Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

If I must boast, I will boast of the things that show my weakness.

By "weakness" he means persecutions; for in hunger, scourging, shipwreck, and the endurance of other calamities, human weakness is revealed.

2 Corinthians 11:33Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

But I was lowered in a basket through a window in the wall and escaped his grasp.

He fled, fulfilling the law of the Lord: for the Lord Himself also passed from place to place. One must not subject oneself to temptations.

2 Corinthians 12:11Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

I have become a fool, but you drove me to it. In fact, you should have commended me, since I am in no way inferior to those “super-apostles,” even though…

Again he justifies himself for boasting. Earlier he said, "receive me, even as foolish" and "as if in foolishness," but now he calls himself foolish already without the particle "as"; for having done what he desired, he boldly subjects himself to such abasement, sufficiently teaching…

2 Corinthians 12:13Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

In what way were you inferior to the other churches, except that I was not a burden to you? Forgive me this wrong!

Lest anyone should say: true, you are great, but still you have not done what the apostles did in other churches, therefore he says: what do you lack? Did you receive a lesser gift compared to the other churches?

2 Corinthians 12:18Commentary on 2 Corinthians (1107)

I urged Titus to visit you, and I sent our brother with him. Did Titus exploit you in any way?

A rebuke is contained in these words as well. He does not say: I sent, but: I urged, showing that even if Titus took anything, he took it by right, because he came at the request; but he nevertheless remained blameless.