Hebrew noun (masculine) · H5707
עֵד
edayd
witness
70 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: ʻêd
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H5707is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 16 of 39Old Testament books
- 44spellings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · H5707
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e. prince
The King James renders it: witness.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
ed is rendered "witness". It stands 70 times in the Hebrew text, across sixteen books.
- Fourteen of the uses stand in Deuteronomy, more than in any other book.
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Genesis 31:44Come now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.”
- The Greek text spells it forty-four different ways.
The first use
Come now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.”
Genesis 31:44לְעֵ֖ד
The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.
Where the word stands
The word stands in sixteen of the 39 Old Testament books.
What the word means
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- witnesses14
- a witness13
- a witness of13
- and a witness5
- into a witness5
- witnesses my3
- testimony of2
- the witnesses2
- witnesses of2
- and a witness of1
- and into a witness1
- and witnesses their1
and 8 more, 70 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
| Word | Written | Meaning | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| עֵדָה | edah | congregation | Uses149 |
| עֵדוּת | eduth | testimony | Uses59 |
| עֵדֶר | eder | flock | Uses38 |
| עֵדָה | edah | witness | Uses26 |
| עֵדֶן | eden | delicacy | Uses4 |
| עֵד | ed | filth | Uses1 |
Other numbers on this spelling
Strong gave these words the same spelling and different numbers, so the site counts and defines them apart.
The words it stands beside
All 70, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
44 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- עֵ֣ד10
- עֵ֥ד6
- לְעֵ֖ד3
- עֵד־3
- עֵדִ֖ים3
- עֵדִ֑ים3
- לְעֵ֔ד2
- עֵ֨ד2
- עֵדִ֗ים2
- עֵדִ֤ים2
- הָעֵ֔ד1
- הָעֵדִ֞ים1
and 32 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)16HNcmsc
- noun · masculine plural14HNcmpa
- noun · masculine singular13HNcmsa
- preposition + noun · masculine singular7HR/Ncmsa
- conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular5HC/Ncmsa
- noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singular3HNcmpc/Sp1bs
- noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)2HNcmpc
- the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine plural2HTd/Ncmpa
- conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine plural1HC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
- conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)1HC/Ncmsc
- conjunction (“and”) + preposition + noun · masculine singular1HC/R/Ncmsa
- noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singular1HNcmpc/Sp2ms
Genesis
four uses
Come now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.”
- לְעֵ֖דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: into a witness
Then Laban declared, “This mound is a witness between you and me this day.” Therefore the place was called Galeed.
- עֵ֛דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
If you mistreat my daughters or take other wives, although no one is with us, remember that God is a witness between you and me.”
- עֵ֖דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
This mound is a witness, and this pillar is a witness, that I will not go past this mound to harm you, and you will not go past this mound and pillar to harm me.
- עֵ֚דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Exodus
three uses
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
- עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: testimony of
If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.
- עֵ֑דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: evidence
“You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.
- עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
Leviticus
one use
“If someone sins by failing to testify when he hears a public charge about something he has witnessed, whether he has seen it or learned of it, he shall bear the iniquity.
- עֵ֔דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Numbers
three uses
by sleeping with another man, and it is concealed from her husband and her impurity is undetected (since there is no witness against her and she was not caught in the act),
- וְעֵד֙veedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a witness
If anyone kills a person, the murderer is to be put to death on the testimony of the witnesses. But no one is to be put to death based on the testimony of a lone witness.
- עֵדִ֔יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
- וְעֵ֣דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a witness
Deuteronomy
fourteen uses
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
- עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: testimony of
On the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.
- עֵדִ֗יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
- עֵדִ֖יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
- עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
The hands of the witnesses shall be the first in putting him to death, and after that, the hands of all the people. So you must purge the evil from among you.
- הָעֵדִ֞יםhaedimthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine pluraltagged: the witnesses
A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.
- עֵ֨דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
- עֵדִ֗יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
- עֵדִ֖יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
If a false witness testifies against someone, accusing him of a crime,
- עֵד־ʾed-noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
The judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar who has falsely accused his brother,
- עֵֽד־ʾed-noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
- הָעֵ֔דhaedthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: the witness
Now therefore, write down for yourselves this song and teach it to the Israelites; have them recite it, so that it may be a witness for Me against them.
- לְעֵ֖דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: into a witness
And when many troubles and afflictions have come upon them, this song will testify against them, because it will not be forgotten from the lips of their descendants. For I know their inclination, even before I bring them into the land that I swore to give them.”
- לְעֵ֔דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: to a witness
“Take this Book of the Law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, so that it may remain there as a witness against you.
- לְעֵֽד׃leedpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: into a witness
Joshua
five uses
Rather, let it be a witness between us and you and the generations to come, that we will worship the LORD in His presence with our burnt offerings, sacrifices, and peace offerings.’ Then in the future, your descendants cannot say to ours, ‘You have no share in the LORD!’
- עֵ֨דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Therefore we said, ‘If they ever say this to us or to our descendants, we will answer: Look at the replica of the altar of the LORD that our fathers made, not for burnt offerings or sacrifices, but as a witness between us and you.’
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
So the Reubenites and Gadites named the altar Witness, for they said, “It is a witness between us that the LORD is God.”
- עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Then Joshua told them, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen to serve the LORD.” “We are witnesses!” they said.
- עֵדִ֤יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
- עֵדִֽים׃ʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
Ruth
three uses
At this, Boaz said to the elders and all the people, “You are witnesses today that I am buying from Naomi all that belonged to Elimelech, Chilion, and Mahlon.
- עֵדִ֤יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
Moreover, I have acquired Ruth the Moabitess, Mahlon’s widow, as my wife, to raise up the name of the deceased through his inheritance, so that his name will not disappear from among his brothers or from the gate of his home. You are witnesses today.”
- עֵדִ֥יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
“We are witnesses,” said the elders and all the people at the gate. “May the LORD make the woman entering your home like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you be prosperous in Ephrathah and famous in Bethlehem.
- עֵדִ֑יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
1 Samuel
three uses
Samuel said to them, “The LORD is a witness against you, and His anointed is a witness today, that you have not found anything in my hand.” “He is a witness,” they replied.
- עֵ֧דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
- וְעֵ֤דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a witness
- עֵֽד׃ פʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Job
three uses
You produce new witnesses against me and multiply Your anger toward me. Hardships assault me in wave after wave.
- עֵדֶ֨יךָ׀ʾedeikhanoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: witnesses your
You have bound me, and it has become a witness; my frailty rises up and testifies against me.
- לְעֵ֣דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: into a witness
Even now my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.
- עֵדִ֑יʾedinoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: witness my
Psalms
three uses
Do not hand me over to the will of my foes, for false witnesses rise up against me, breathing out violence.
- עֵֽדֵי־ʾedei-noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: witnesses of
Hostile witnesses come forward; they make charges I know nothing about.
- עֵדֵ֣יʾedeinoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: witnesses of
like the moon, established forever, a faithful witness in the sky.” Selah
- וְעֵ֥דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a witness
Proverbs
eleven uses
a false witness who gives false testimony, and one who stirs up discord among brothers.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
He who speaks the truth declares what is right, but a false witness speaks deceit.
- וְעֵ֖דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: and a witness of
An honest witness does not deceive, but a dishonest witness pours forth lies.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
A false witness will not go unpunished, and one who utters lies will not escape.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
A false witness will not go unpunished, and one who pours out lies will perish.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
A corrupt witness mocks justice, and a wicked mouth swallows iniquity.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
A lying witness will perish, but the man who listens to truth will speak forever.
- עֵד־ʾed-noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
Do not testify against your neighbor without cause, and do not deceive with your lips.
- עֵד־ʾed-noun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
Isaiah
eight uses
And I will appoint for Myself trustworthy witnesses—Uriah the priest and Zechariah son of Jeberekiah.”
- עֵדִ֖יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
It will be a sign and a witness to the LORD of Hosts in the land of Egypt. When they cry out to the LORD because of their oppressors, He will send them a savior and defender to rescue them.
- וּלְעֵ֛דuleedconjunction (“and”) + preposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: and into a witness
All the nations gather together and the peoples assemble. Who among them can declare this, and proclaim to us the former things? Let them present their witnesses to vindicate them, so that others may hear and say, “It is true.”
- עֵֽדֵיהֶם֙ʾedeihemnoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: witnesses their
“You are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “and My servant whom I have chosen, so that you may consider and believe Me and understand that I am He. Before Me no god was formed, and after Me none will come.
- עֵדַי֙ʾedainoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: witnesses my
I alone decreed and saved and proclaimed—I, and not some foreign god among you. So you are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “that I am God.
- עֵדַ֛יʾedainoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: witnesses my
Do not tremble or fear. Have I not told you and declared it long ago? You are My witnesses! Is there any God but Me? There is no other Rock; I know not one.”
- עֵדָ֑יʾedainoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: witnesses my
All makers of idols are nothing, and the things they treasure are worthless. Their witnesses fail to see or comprehend, so they are put to shame.
- וְעֵדֵיהֶ֣םveedeihemconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: and witnesses their
Behold, I have made him a witness to the nations, a leader and commander of the peoples.
- עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: a witness of
Jeremiah
six uses
For they have committed an outrage in Israel by committing adultery with the wives of their neighbors and speaking lies in My name, which I did not command them to do. I am He who knows, and I am a witness, declares the LORD.”
- וָעֵ֖דvaedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a witness
I signed and sealed the deed, called in witnesses, and weighed out the silver on the scales.
- עֵדִ֑יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
and I gave this deed to Baruch son of Neriah, the son of Mahseiah, in the sight of my cousin Hanamel and the witnesses who were signing the purchase agreement and all the Jews sitting in the courtyard of the guard.
- הָֽעֵדִ֔יםhaedimthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine pluraltagged: the witnesses
Yet You, O Lord GOD, have said to me, ‘Buy for yourself the field with silver and call in witnesses, even though the city has been delivered into the hands of the Chaldeans!’”
- עֵדִ֑יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
Fields will be purchased with silver, and deeds will be signed, sealed, and witnessed in the land of Benjamin, in the areas surrounding Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah—the cities of the hill country, the foothills, and the Negev—because I will restore them from captivity, declares the LORD.”
- עֵדִים֒ʾedimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: witnesses
Then they said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness against us if we do not act upon every word that the LORD your God sends you to tell us.
- לְעֵ֖דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: into a witness of
Micah
one use
Hear, O peoples, all of you; listen, O earth, and everyone in it! May the Lord GOD bear witness against you, the Lord from His holy temple.
- לְעֵ֔דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: into a witness
Zephaniah
one use
Therefore wait for Me,” declares the LORD, “until the day I rise to testify. For My decision is to gather nations, to assemble kingdoms, to pour out upon them My indignation—all My burning anger. For all the earth will be consumed by the fire of My jealousy.
- לְעַ֑דleadpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: for booty
Malachi
one use
“Then I will draw near to you for judgment. And I will be a swift witness against sorcerers and adulterers and perjurers, against oppressors of the widowed and fatherless, and against those who defraud laborers of their wages and deny justice to the foreigner but do not fear Me,” says the LORD of Hosts.
- עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singulartagged: a witness
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.