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first-temple
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G3485ναός naós — a fane, shrine, templeG2411ἱερόν hierón — a sacred place, i.e. the entire precincts (whereas
denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the Temple (at Jerusalem
or elsewhere)H1964הֵיכָל hêykâl — a large public building, such as a palace or templeH1965הֵיכַל hêykal — {a large public building, such as a palace or temple}G3624οἶκος oîkos — a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or
figurative)H7541רַקָּה raqqâh — properly, thinness, i.e. the side of the head
People(5+)
- PersonZerubbabelGovernor of Judah and grandson of Jeconiah who led the first return and laid the second temple's foundation; Haggai's signet-ring promise rests on him in Messiah's line.
- PersonHagarSarah's Egyptian servant and mother of Ishmael; the first person to name God — “Thou God seest me” (El Roi, 16:13).
- PersonLeahJacob's unloved first wife, on whom the LORD's eye fell — the mother of Judah, the messianic tribe, and of Levi, the priestly tribe.
- PersonAndrewSimon Peter's brother, first a disciple of the Baptist; he brought Peter to Jesus and found the boy with the loaves (John 1:40; 6:8).
- PersonAdamThe first man — formed of dust and God's breath, image-bearer, and federal head of the race in whom all sinned.
Places(5+)
- PlaceThe TempleThe house of the LORD in Jerusalem — Solomon's temple and the Second Temple — the place the Psalms long to enter and praise God (Ps 84; 122).
- PlaceEphesusGreat harbor city of Asia, home of the Artemis temple; Paul's three-year base where the word grew mightily; addressed in Ephesians and first of the seven churches of Revelation.
- PlaceEdenThe first sanctuary — a garden planted eastward with the tree of life and a river, lost at the Fall and reopened in the New Jerusalem.
- PlaceMoriahThe mountain of the binding of Isaac — later the temple mount (2 Chr 3:1).
- PlaceShechemJacob's first Canaan settlement and the site of Dinah's ruin (Gen 34).
Manuscripts(2)
- ManuscriptThe Samaritan PentateuchThe first five books, kept by a community that split from Judaism long ago, in their own alphabet — and differing from the Jewish text in thousands of places.
- ManuscriptThe Oxyrhynchus Mark Fragment (P137)A scrap of Mark the size of a matchbox — famous for six years as a first-century discovery it turned out not to be.
Events(2)
- EventBabylonian Exile (586 BCE)The Neo-Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem and the First Temple, and the resulting deportation of most of Judah's population — the central trauma of the Hebrew Bible.
- EventDavid's Coronation at HebronDavid's anointing as king — first over the tribe of Judah at Hebron (c. 1010 BCE), then over all Israel (c. 1003 BCE).
Words (Strong's)(5+)
- WordG3485 ναός · naós (Greek)a fane, shrine, temple
- WordG2411 ἱερόν · hierón (Greek)a sacred place, i.e. the entire precincts (whereas denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the Temple (at Jerusalem or elsewhere)
- WordH1964 הֵיכָל · hêykâl (Hebrew)a large public building, such as a palace or temple
- WordH1965 הֵיכַל · hêykal (Hebrew){a large public building, such as a palace or temple}
- WordG3624 οἶκος · oîkos (Greek)a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative)
Concepts(4)
- ConceptProtoevangeliumThe first promise of a Rescuer, spoken to the serpent in Eden: a woman's seed will crush his head.
- ConceptGloryThe weight of God made visible — כָּבוֹד, literally heaviness — filling a tabernacle, a temple, and finally a body.
- ConceptLightGod's first spoken word and his own self-description — light before the sun, and a Light no darkness can put out.
- ConceptThe Gospel in GenesisThe rescue is announced in the first book — in Eden's promise, Abraham's ram, and Joseph's throne — long before it is narrated.
Themes(5)
- ThemeMercyMercy in Scripture is not a mood God occasionally feels but a self-disclosed name. When the LORD passes before Moses on Sinai and proclaims who He is, the first words out are…
- ThemeObedienceObedience enters the story at the very first command. In Eden, the boundary God sets — one tree, one prohibition — is the whole test of the relationship (Gen 2:17), and the…
- ThemeWisdomWisdom in Scripture (Hebrew *hokmah*, H2451) is skilled living before God, not accumulated information. Its first appearances are not proverbs but craftsmen: the wise-hearted…
- ThemeWorshipScripture's worship vocabulary carries two roots held together: *shachah* (to bow down, prostrate) and *abad* (to serve, to labor for). *Shachah* is first rendered "worship" at…
- ThemeKingdom of God"The kingdom of God" names not a place first but a reign — God's kingly rule breaking in, which then produces a people and a realm who live under it. The storyline starts long…
Prophecies(5+)
- ProphecyTemple Stones Thrown DownThe temple would be so thoroughly destroyed that not one stone would remain on another.
- ProphecyTemple Destruction Prophesied by JesusDaniel predicted Jerusalem's destruction after Messiah's cutting off, and Jesus predicted the Temple would be so completely destroyed that 'not one stone would be left upon…
- ProphecyMillennial Temple BuiltA glorious temple will be built in Jerusalem during the millennium, described in detail in Ezekiel 40-48.
- ProphecyCleanses the TempleThe Messiah would zealously cleanse the temple.
- ProphecyBorn Before Temple DestructionThe Messiah would come to the temple - requiring the temple to exist.
Apologetics(5+)
- ApologeticsDestruction of the Second Temple (AD 70)Jesus told his disciples the temple would be leveled — "there shall not be left here one stone upon another" (Matthew 24:2) — and on the tenth of the month Ab, AD 70, Titus'…
- ApologeticsHezekiah's TunnelTwo crews cut 1,750 feet through solid limestone under Jerusalem and met in the middle, and the workmen chiselled a first-person account of the breakthrough into the wall in…
- ApologeticsCaiaphas Ossuary DiscoveryIn November 1990 a bulldozer broke through the roof of a first-century burial cave in Jerusalem's Peace Forest, exposing twelve limestone ossuaries; the most ornate was…
- ApologeticsPool of Siloam DiscoveryIn June 2004 a sewer repair at the southern tip of the City of David cut into monumental stone steps, and Ronny Reich and Eli Shukron identified a trapezoidal Second Temple…
- ApologeticsThe Gallio Inscription at DelphiNine marble fragments of a public letter from the emperor Claudius, recovered at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi, name "Lucius Junius Gallio, my friend and proconsul of Achaia"…
Feature Pages(2)
- Feature2 Chronicles — the Study GuideThe priest's Bible-in-miniature for a people rebuilding a house: Solomon's glory-filled temple, the seek/forsake ledger of Judah's kings, Manasseh's worst-sin-then-deepest-repentance, and the book's closing hinge into Ezra.
- FeatureThe Sects of Second Temple JudaismA featured study.
Authors(5+)
- AuthorOecumeniusOecumenius wrote the earliest Greek commentary on the book of Revelation that has come down to us. He wrote it in the first half of the sixth century, most likely in the 530s…
- AuthorFanny CrosbyFanny Crosby lost her sight as a baby to a doctor's botched treatment, and refused for the rest of her life to be pitied for it — she said the first face she ever saw would be…
- AuthorIgnatius of AntiochIgnatius was bishop of Antioch in Syria — the city where believers were first called Christians. He called himself Theophorus, "God-bearer." He was condemned to die in the…
- AuthorJacob of EdessaJacob was born about 640 at Aindaba, near Antioch, in the first generation of Syrian Christians to live under Arab rule. He studied at the monastery of Qenneshre on the…
- AuthorMaximus the ConfessorMaximus was born about 580. One account makes him a well-born Constantinopolitan who served as first secretary to the Emperor Heraclius before leaving the court for a…
Apocrypha (study resources)(5+)
- Study resource1 Maccabees 5:43So he went first over unto them, and all the people after him: then all the heathen, being discomfited before him, cast away their weapons, and fled unto the temple that was at…
- Study resource1 Esdras 5:53And all they that had made any vow to God began to offer sacrifices to God from the first day of the seventh month, although the temple of the Lord was not yet built.
- Study resource1 Maccabees 6:2And that there was in it a very rich temple, wherein were coverings of gold, and breastplates, and shields, which Alexander, son of Philip, the Macedonian king, who reigned…
- Study resourceTobit 14:5And that again God will have mercy on them, and bring them again into the land, where they shall build a temple, but not like to the first, until the time of that age be…
- Study resource1 Maccabees 2:8Her temple is become as a man without glory.