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Psalm 93

5 verses · KJVPsalms book hub →

Psalms 93:1-2

The Lord reigneth: The psalm opens on a declaration rather than a petition: the Lord reigneth, clothed with majesty and girded with strength, the dress and posture of a king taking his seat. Because he reigns the world is stablished, that it cannot be moved, the earth's stability grounded in the throne rather than in itself. Thy throne is established of old, thou art from everlasting pushes the reign behind creation's own beginning, a rule that did not start when the world did.

Psalms 93:1, 5 voicesWhat preachers and commentators have said about these verses, in their own words.

Psalms 93:1

For he hath established the round world, which shall not be moved. If we understand this world to have been so established by God that it is disturbed by no commotion ever, how is it said elsewhere, 'Heaven and earth shall pass away'? But if heaven and earth shall pass away, how is it said here, He hath established the round world, which shall not be moved?

Jerome· written before 420· Homily 70, on Psalm 92 (Alternate Series)patristic

Psalms 93:1

The Lord reigneth,.... The King Messiah, the Lord Jesus Christ, who is the true Jehovah.

Psalms 93:1

The Lord reigneth, or Jehovah reigns. Whatever opposition may arise, his throne is unmoved; he has reigned, does reign, and will reign for ever and ever. Whatever turmoil and rebellion there may be beneath the clouds, the eternal King sits above all in supreme serenity; and everywhere he is really Master, let his foes rage as they may. All things are ordered according to his eternal purposes, and his will is done.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 4 (1874)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 93:1

God is described as a King entering on His reign, and, for robes of royalty, investing Himself with the glorious attributes of His nature. The result of His thus reigning is the durability of the world.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed

Psalms 93:1

The Lord reigns gloriously: He is clothed with majesty. The majesty of earthly princes, compared with God's terrible majesty, is but like the glimmerings of a glow-worm compared with the brightness of the sun when he goes forth in his strength. Are the enemies of God's kingdom great and formidable?

Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan

Psalms 93:2, 2 voices

Psalms 93:2

It has been said concerning the Lord's reign and concerning the beauty of his garment, it has been said concerning his strength, it has been said concerning the round world which shall not be moved: now the prophet's speech is directed to the Lord himself, reigning and thundering. And what does he say? Thy throne is prepared; from then thou art, from everlasting. This that he said, He is clothed with strength and hath girded himself, comes down from the lowliness of the flesh: but for the rest, thy kingdom has always been.

Jerome· written before 420· Homily 70, on Psalm 92 (Alternate Series)patristic

Psalms 93:2

Thy throne is established of old. Though thou mayest just now appear in more conspicuous sovereignty, yet thine is no upstart sovereignty: in the most ancient times thy dominion was secure, yea, before time was thy throne was set up. We often hear of ancient dynasties, but what are they when compared with the Lord? Are they not as the bubble on the breaker, born an instant ago and gone as soon as seen? Thou art from everlasting. The Lord himself is eternal.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 4 (1874)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 93:3-4

the floods lift up their waves: The floods lifted up, three times over, their voice, their waves, give the sea a will of its own, the King James rendering the same instability the ancient world felt in the uproar of great waters. The answer is placed immediately: the Lord on high is mightier than the noise of many waters, the tumult named honestly and then outmatched rather than denied. Delitzsch and Barnes read the floods against the background of the deep of Genesis 1, the waters that were themselves brought under command at creation and remain under it now.

Psalms 93:3, 2 voices

Psalms 93:3-4

The floods have lifted up, O Lord, they have lifted up their voices; from the voices of many waters, wonderful are the surgings of the sea. As many words, so many meanings: as many little verses, so many sacraments. The floods have lifted up their voices. This is what is said in another place: 'The rush of the river maketh glad the city of God.' And in another place: 'The rivers shall clap their hands together.' The floods seem to me to be those which water the whole world, the apostolic and prophetic dignities.

Jerome· written before 420· Homily 70, on Psalm 92 (Alternate Series)patristic

Psalms 93:3

The floods have lifted up, 0 Lord. Men have raged like angry waves of the sea, but vain has been their tumult. Observe that the psalmist turns to the Lord when he sees the billows foam, and hears the breakers roar; he does not waste his breath by talking to the waves, or to violent men; but like Hezekiah he spreads the blasphemies of the wicked before the Lord. The floods have lifted up their voice; the floods lift up their waves.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 4 (1874)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 93:4, 1 voice

Psalms 93:4

The Lord on high is mightier than the noise of many waters. The utmost of their power is to him but a sound and he can readily master it, therefore he calls it a noise by way of contempt. When men combine to overthrow the kingdom of Jesus, plot secretly, and by and by rage openly, the Lord thinks no more of it than of so much noise upon the sea beach. Jehovah, the self existent and omnipotent, cares not for the opposition of dying men, however many or mighty they may be.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 4 (1874)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 93:5

Thy testimonies are very sure: The psalm turns from cosmic uproar to the reliability of God's own word, thy testimonies are very sure, the same steadfastness claimed for the throne now claimed for what he has spoken. Holiness becometh thine house, O Lord, for ever closes the psalm at the temple, the throne of verse 1 and the house of verse 5 forming one picture of a reign that is also a dwelling among his people. Henry reads the two halves of the verse together, sure testimonies and a holy house, as the fixed points a worshipper can stand on once the floods have been named and answered.

Psalms 93:5, 4 voices

Psalms 93:5

Thy testimonies are made exceedingly credible. This is what is said in the seventeenth psalm: 'The testimony of the Lord is faithful, giving wisdom to little ones.' To what little ones? 'Father, I give thee thanks, because thou hast hidden these things from the wise and prudent of the world, and hast revealed them to little ones.' Holiness becometh thy house, O Lord. See what he says. Whoever seems to himself to dwell in the house, if he has not holiness, is a stranger to the house, because the house would not have its ornaments.

Jerome· written before 420· Homily 70, on Psalm 92 (Alternate Series)patristic

Psalms 93:5

Thy testimonies are very sure. As in providence the throne of God is fixed beyond all risk, so in revelation his truth is beyond all question. Other teachings are uncertain, but the revelations of heaven are infallible. As the rocks remain unmoved amid the tumult of the sea, so does divine truth resist all the currents of man's opinion and the storms of human controversy; they are not only sure, but very sure. Glory be to God, we have not been deluded by a cunningly devised fable: our faith is grounded upon the eternal truth of the Most High.

Charles Spurgeon· The Treasury of David, Vol. 4 (1874)Particular (Reformed) Baptist / Five-point Calvinist / 1689 LBCF / 19th-c. evangelical

Psalms 93:5

While His power inspires dread, His revealed will should secure our confidence (compare Ps 19:7; 25:10), and thus fear and love combined, producing all holy emotions, should distinguish the worship we offer in His house, both earthly and heavenly.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed

Psalms 93:5

Testimonies-Thy promises, which no less than the precepts are God's testimonies, or the witnesses, or declarations of his will to mankind. He seems here to speak of those precious promises concerning the erection of his kingdom in the world by the Messiah.

John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)evangelical

Where the chapter sits

Psalms 93 falls in Book IV: YHWH reigns (chapters 90–106). Book III's crisis answered by Book IV's YHWH-reigns theology. Moses' Ps 90 opens. Enthronement Psalms 93, 95–99. Doxology at 106:48.

Before it: Book III: Asaph and covenant crisis, chapters 73–89. After it: Book V: Hallel and Hallelujah, chapters 107–150.

The whole shape of Psalms

Key words

The Hebrew words this chapter turns on, by how often it uses them. Each one opens its word study.

WordWhat it meansVerses
יְהֹוָהYᵉhôvâh5 times, as יְהוָ֣ה, יְ֭הוָה, יְֽהוָ֗הyahweh1, 3, 4, 5
נָשָׂאnâsâʼ3 times, as נָשְׂא֤וּ, נָשְׂא֣וּ, יִשְׂא֖וּto lift3
נָהָרnâhâr3 times, as נְהָר֨וֹת׀, נְהָר֣וֹתRiver3
לָבַשׁlâbash2 times, as לָ֫בֵ֥שׁ, לָבֵ֣שׁhe is clothed1
כּוּןkûwn2 times, as תִּכּ֥וֹן, נָכ֣וֹןto establish1, 2
קוֹלqôwl2 times, as קוֹלָ֑ם, מִקֹּל֨וֹת׀voice3, 4
Every word of this chapter, on the Original level →

Cross references

The 8 chapters this one speaks with, most first. Open a row for the verses it shares.

  • Psalms 962 verses
    • Psalms 93:1

      Psalms 96:10Say among the heathen that the Lord reigneth: the world also shall be established that it shall not be moved: he shall judge the people righteously.
    • Psalms 93:3

      Psalms 96:11Let the heavens rejoice, and let the earth be glad; let the sea roar, and the fulness thereof.
    • Read Psalms 96 →
  • 1 Chronicles 291 verse
    • Psalms 93:1

      1 Chronicles 29:12Both riches and honour come of thee, and thou reignest over all; and in thine hand is power and might; and in thine hand it is to make great, and to give strength unto all.
    • Read 1 Chronicles 29 →
  • Revelation 191 verse
    • Psalms 93:1

      Revelation 19:6And I heard as it were the voice of a great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of mighty thunderings, saying, Alleluia: for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth.
    • Read Revelation 19 →
  • Psalms 451 verse
The rest of the chapters this one speaks with, 4 of them, for a reader following a thread past the four above

Cross-references from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and OpenBible.info.

The world behind itThe place, the time and the people around this chapter, for a reader who wants the setting.

The world behind this chapter

Psalms 93
When
Date unstated; sung as a coronation song for God · Author unnamed; sung in the temple on the sixth day of the week
Where
The temple courts, using the shape of a royal enthronement
Who first heard it
A people who had lost their own throne, or feared losing it

The history

The LORD reigneth opens a run of psalms built on a real ceremony. Israel crowned a king by anointing him, seating him, acclaiming him with a shout of long live the king, and parading him through the city, the account of Solomon's crowning at the spring of Gihon describes the whole sequence, complete with pipes so loud the ground rang. This psalm borrows that shape for God.

Clothed with majesty and girded with strength is court dress. Robes marked rank, and a belt marked readiness, a man girded up his long robe when he was about to work or fight. A king in robe and belt is a king dressed to act, not to pose.

The floods lifting up their voice would have meant something specific to the psalm's first hearers. Israel's neighbours told stories of a storm god who had to fight the sea and its monsters before he could take his throne. Here the waters make all the noise they like, and God's throne is simply described as established of old, from everlasting. The battle is not fought because it was never in doubt.

The Mishnah lists this as the temple psalm for the sixth day of the week, the day on which, in the creation account, the work was finished and the world stood complete.

What it meant to them

For a people whose own kings were weak, deposed, or gone, singing the LORD reigneth was a political statement as much as a hymn.

And the psalm ties the reign to two ordinary things: his testimonies are very sure, and holiness becomes his house. The King is known by his word and by the place he keeps.

Sources cited

  • The Mishnah , tractate Tamid 7:4 (Danby translation)
  • John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews & Mark W. Chavalas, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament

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The text of this chapter

This page carries no textual note on Psalms 93. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →

This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes on the Book of Psalms; Charles Spurgeon; Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Psalms; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871); Jerome, Homily 70, on Psalm 92 (Alternate Series); John Gill; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765) and Matthew Henry.