Word Study · Strong's H5003 · Hebrew
נָאַף
naaph
naw-af'
Strong's 1890 spelling: nâʼaph
“to commit adultery”
Strong's Dictionary · 1890 · public domain
to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize
Rendered in the KJV as
adulterer(-ess), commit(-ing) adultery, woman that breaketh wedlock.
- 31occurrencesin the Old Testament
- 11 of 39Old Testament bookswhere the word stands
- 29inflected formsdistinct spellings
Across 31 occurrences
The word itself
Inflected forms · 29
- מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים2
- תִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף׃ ס2
- הַמְּנָאָ֑פֶת1
- הַנֹּאֵ֖ף1
- וּבַמְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים1
- וְהַנֹּאָֽפֶת׃1
- וַיְנַֽאֲפוּ֙1
- וַיִּנְאָ֔פוּ1
- וּמְנָאָ֑פֶת1
- וְֽנָאֹ֔ף1
- וְנָאֹ֑ף1
- וַתִּנְאַ֥ף1
and 17 more spellings in the ledger below.
How it is rendered · 21
- they have committed adultery3
- [are] adulterers2
- adulterers2
- adulteresses2
- adulterous2
- and they committed adultery2
- he will commit adultery2
- they commit adultery2
- you must commit adultery2
- [are] adulteresses1
- [one who] commits adultery1
- an adulterer1
The sense the word carries at each spot — how the translators read it there, not a fixed translation.
How it parses · 20
- verb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural4
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine plural3
- conjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), infinitive absolute2
- verb · intensive (piel), ongoing or future action · 3rd person feminine plural2
- verb · intensive (piel), completed action · 3rd person common plural2
- verb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 2nd person masculine singular2
- verb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singular2
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular2
- conjunction (“and”) + preposition with the article + verb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural1
- conjunction (“and”) + the definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singular1
- conjunction (“and”) + verb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singular1
- Hc/Vpw3mp1
Show the grammar codes as tagged
- HVprmpa · 4
- HVqrfpa · 3
- HC/Vqaa · 2
- HVpi3fp · 2
- HVpp3cp · 2
- HVqi2ms · 2
- HVqi3ms · 2
- HVqrmsa · 2
- HC/Rd/Vprmpa · 1
- HC/Td/Vqrfsa · 1
- HC/Vprfsa · 1
- Hc/Vpw3mp · 1
All 31, in canonical order
The ledger of occurrences
Where this word lives
- Jeremiah8 of 31 · 26%
- Ezekiel6 of 31 · 19%
- Hosea5 of 31 · 16%
- Leviticus4 of 31 · 13%
- Proverbs2 of 31 · 6%
Jeremiah carries the most and opens below; every other book is one click.
Leviticus4 occurrences
- Leviticus 20:10יִנְאַף֙yinafverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularIf a man commits adultery with another man’s wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must surely be put to death.here: he will commit adultery
- Leviticus 20:10יִנְאַ֖ףyinafverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularIf a man commits adultery with another man’s wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must surely be put to death.here: he will commit adultery
- Leviticus 20:10הַנֹּאֵ֖ףhanoefthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularIf a man commits adultery with another man’s wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must surely be put to death.here: the adulterer
- Leviticus 20:10וְהַנֹּאָֽפֶת׃vehanoafetconjunction (“and”) + the definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singularIf a man commits adultery with another man’s wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must surely be put to death.here: and the adulteress
Deuteronomy1 occurrence
Proverbs2 occurrences
- Proverbs 6:32נֹאֵ֣ףnoefverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularHe who commits adultery lacks judgment; whoever does so destroys himself.here: [one who] commits adultery
- Proverbs 30:20מְנָ֫אָ֥פֶתmenaafetverb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singularThis is the way of an adulteress: She eats and wipes her mouth and says, ‘I have done nothing wrong.’here: adulterous
Jeremiah8 occurrences
- Jeremiah 3:8נִֽאֲפָה֙niafahverb · intensive (piel), completed action · 3rd person feminine singularShe saw that because faithless Israel had committed adultery, I gave her a certificate of divorce and sent her away. Yet that unfaithful sister Judah had no fear and prostituted herself as well.here: she committed adultery
- Jeremiah 3:9וַתִּנְאַ֥ףvatinafHc/Vqw3fsIndifferent to her own infidelity, Israel had defiled the land and committed adultery with stones and trees.here: and she committed adultery
- Jeremiah 5:7וַיִּנְאָ֔פוּvaiyinafuHc/Vqw3mp“Why should I forgive you? Your children have forsaken Me and sworn by gods that are not gods. I satisfied their needs, yet they committed adultery and assembled at the houses of prostitutes.here: and they committed adultery
- Jeremiah 7:9וְֽנָאֹ֔ףvenaofconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), infinitive absoluteWill you steal and murder, commit adultery and perjury, burn incense to Baal, and follow other gods that you have not known,here: and will you commit adultery?
- Jeremiah 9:2מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔יםmenaafimverb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine pluralIf only I had a traveler’s lodge in the wilderness, I would abandon my people and depart from them, for they are all adulterers, a crowd of faithless people.here: [are] adulterers
- Jeremiah 23:10מְנָֽאֲפִים֙menaafimverb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine pluralFor the land is full of adulterers— because of the curse, the land mourns and the pastures of the wilderness have dried up— their course is evil and their power is misused.here: adulterers
- Jeremiah 23:14נָא֞וֹףnaofverb · simple (qal), infinitive absoluteAnd among the prophets of Jerusalem I have seen a horrible thing: They commit adultery and walk in lies. They strengthen the hands of evildoers, so that no one turns his back on wickedness. They are all like Sodom to Me; the people of Jerusalem are like Gomorrah.”here: they have committed adultery
- Jeremiah 29:23וַיְנַֽאֲפוּ֙vaynaafuHc/Vpw3mpFor they have committed an outrage in Israel by committing adultery with the wives of their neighbors and speaking lies in My name, which I did not command them to do. I am He who knows, and I am a witness, declares the LORD.”here: and they committed adultery
Ezekiel6 occurrences
- Ezekiel 16:32הַמְּנָאָ֑פֶתhamenaafetthe definite article (“the”) + verb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singularYou adulterous wife! You receive strangers instead of your own husband!here: the adulterous
- Ezekiel 16:38נֹאֲפ֔וֹתnoafotverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine pluralAnd I will sentence you to the punishment of women who commit adultery and those who shed blood; so I will bring upon you the wrath of your bloodshed and jealousy.here: adulteresses
- Ezekiel 23:37נִאֵ֗פוּniefuverb · intensive (piel), completed action · 3rd person common pluralFor they have committed adultery, and blood is on their hands. They have committed adultery with their idols. They have even sacrificed their children, whom they bore to Me, in the fire as food for their idols.here: they have committed adultery
- Ezekiel 23:37נִאֵ֑פוּniefuverb · intensive (piel), completed action · 3rd person common pluralFor they have committed adultery, and blood is on their hands. They have committed adultery with their idols. They have even sacrificed their children, whom they bore to Me, in the fire as food for their idols.here: they have committed adultery
- Ezekiel 23:45נֹֽאֲפ֔וֹתnoafotverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine pluralBut righteous men will sentence them to the punishment of those who commit adultery and bloodshed, because they are adulteresses with blood on their hands.here: adulteresses
- Ezekiel 23:45נֹֽאֲפֹת֙noafotverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine pluralBut righteous men will sentence them to the punishment of those who commit adultery and bloodshed, because they are adulteresses with blood on their hands.here: [are] adulteresses
Hosea5 occurrences
- Hosea 3:1וּמְנָאָ֑פֶתumenaafetconjunction (“and”) + verb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singularThen the LORD said to me, “Go show love to your wife again, though she is loved by another and is an adulteress. Love her as the LORD loves the Israelites, though they turn to other gods and offer raisin cakes to idols.”here: and [who] commits adultery
- Hosea 4:2וְנָאֹ֑ףvenaofconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), infinitive absoluteCursing and lying, murder and stealing, and adultery are rampant; one act of bloodshed follows another.here: and committing adultery
- Hosea 4:13תְּנָאַֽפְנָה׃tenaafnahverb · intensive (piel), ongoing or future action · 3rd person feminine pluralThey sacrifice on the mountaintops and burn offerings on the hills, under oak, poplar, and terebinth, because their shade is pleasant. And so your daughters turn to prostitution and your daughters-in-law to adultery.here: they commit adultery
- Hosea 4:14תְנָאַ֔פְנָהtenaafnahverb · intensive (piel), ongoing or future action · 3rd person feminine pluralI will not punish your daughters when they prostitute themselves, nor your daughters-in-law when they commit adultery. For the men themselves go off with prostitutes and offer sacrifices with shrine prostitutes. So a people without understanding will come to ruin.here: they commit adultery
- Hosea 7:4מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔יםmenaafimverb · intensive (piel), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine pluralThey are all adulterers, like an oven heated by a baker who needs not stoke the fire from the kneading to the rising of the dough.here: [are] adulterers