Hebrew verb · H8213
שָׁפֵל
shaphelshaw-fale'
to abase
31 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: shâphêl
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H8213is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 9 of 39Old Testament books
- 28spellings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · H8213
to depress or sink (expectation figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)
The King James renders it: abase, bring (cast, put) down, debase, humble (self), be (bring, lay, make, put) low(-er).
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
shaphel is rendered "to abase". It stands 31 times in the Hebrew text, across nine books.
- Sixteen of the uses stand in Isaiah, more than in any other book.
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.1 Samuel 2:7The LORD sends poverty and wealth; He humbles and He exalts.
- The Greek text spells it twenty-eight different ways.
The first use
The LORD sends poverty and wealth; He humbles and He exalts.
1 Samuel 2:7מַשְׁפִּ֖יל
The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.
Where the word stands
What the word means
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- they will become low3
- and he has become low2
- bringing low2
- he will bring low it2
- it will become low2
- you bring low2
- and bring low him1
- and he will bring low1
- and it will become low1
- and low1
- and you showed abasement1
- and you will become low1
and 12 more, 31 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
All 31, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
28 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- וַיִּשְׁפַּל־2
- מַשְׁפִּ֖יל2
- תַּשְׁפִּֽיל׃2
- אַשְׁפִּֽיל׃1
- בִּשְׁפַ֖ל1
- הַֽמַּשְׁפִּילִ֥י1
- הִשְׁפִּ֛יל1
- הַשְׁפִּֽיל׃1
- הִ֭שְׁפִּילוּ1
- הַשְׁפִּ֣ילוּ1
- הִשְׁפַּ֣לְתִּי׀1
- וְהִשְׁפִּיל֙1
and 16 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- Hc/Vqw3ms2Hc/Vqw3ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singular2HVhi2ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person feminine singular2HVhi3ms/Sp3fs
- verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singular2HVhrmsa
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural2HVqi3mp
- conjunction (“and”) + adjective · masculine singular1HC/Aamsa
- Hc/Vhq3ms1Hc/Vhq3ms
- conjunction (“and”) + verb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular1HC/Vhv2ms/Sp3ms
- Hc/Vhw2fs1Hc/Vhw2fs
- Hc/Vqq2fs1Hc/Vqq2fs
- Hc/Vqq3ms1Hc/Vqq3ms
- preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singular1HR/Vhcc/Sp2ms
1 Samuel
one use
The LORD sends poverty and wealth; He humbles and He exalts.
- מַשְׁפִּ֖ילmashpilverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: bringing low
2 Samuel
one use
You save an afflicted people, but Your eyes are on the haughty to bring them down.
- תַּשְׁפִּֽיל׃tashpilverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you bring low
Job
two uses
When men are brought low and you say, ‘Lift them up!’ then He will save the lowly.
- הִ֭שְׁפִּילוּhishpiluverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: people brought low
Unleash the fury of your wrath; look on every proud man and bring him low.
- וְהַשְׁפִּילֵֽהוּ׃vehashpilehuconjunction (“and”) + verb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: and bring low him
Psalms
four uses
For You save an afflicted people, but You humble those with haughty eyes.
- תַּשְׁפִּֽיל׃tashpilverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you bring low
but it is God who judges; He brings down one and exalts another.
- יַ֝שְׁפִּ֗ילyashpilverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he brings low
He humbles Himself to behold the heavens and the earth.
- הַֽמַּשְׁפִּילִ֥יhamashpilithe definite article (“the”) + verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: who is making low
The LORD sustains the humble, but casts the wicked to the ground.
- מַשְׁפִּ֖ילmashpilverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: bringing low
Proverbs
three uses
It is better to be lowly in spirit among the humble than to divide the spoil with the proud.
- שְׁפַל־shefal-verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to be lowly
for it is better that he says to you, “Come up here!” than that you should be demoted in the presence of the prince. Even what you have seen with your own eyes,
- מֵֽ֭הַשְׁפִּ֣ילְךָmehashpilekhapreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: than to set low you
A man’s pride will bring him low, but a humble spirit will obtain honor.
- תַּשְׁפִּילֶ֑נּוּtashpilenuverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will bring low him
Ecclesiastes
one use
when the doors to the street are shut and the sound of the mill fades away, when one rises at the sound of a bird and all the daughters of song grow faint,
- בִּשְׁפַ֖לbishfalpreposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: when becomes low
Isaiah
sixteen uses
So mankind is brought low, and man is humbled—do not forgive them!
- וַיִּשְׁפַּל־vaiyishpal-Hc/Vqw3mstagged: and he has become low
The proud look of man will be humbled, and the loftiness of men brought low; the LORD alone will be exalted in that day.
- שָׁפֵ֔לshafelverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will become low
For the Day of the LORD of Hosts will come against all the proud and lofty, against all that is exalted—it will be humbled—
- וְשָׁפֵֽל׃veshafelconjunction (“and”) + adjective · masculine singulartagged: and low
So the pride of man will be brought low, and the loftiness of men will be humbled; the LORD alone will be exalted in that day,
- וְשָׁפֵ֖לveshafelHc/Vqq3mstagged: and it will become low
So mankind will be brought low, and each man humbled; the arrogant will lower their eyes.
- וַיִּשְׁפַּל־vaiyishpal-Hc/Vqw3mstagged: and he has become low
- תִּשְׁפַּֽלְנָה׃tishpalnahverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine pluraltagged: they will become low
Behold, the Lord GOD of Hosts will lop off the branches with terrifying power. The tall trees will be cut down, the lofty ones will be felled.
- יִשְׁפָּֽלוּ׃yishpaluverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will become low
I will punish the world for its evil and the wicked for their iniquity. I will end the haughtiness of the arrogant and lay low the pride of the ruthless.
- אַשְׁפִּֽיל׃ʾashpilverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will bring low
He will spread out his hands within it, as a swimmer spreads his arms to swim. His pride will be brought low, despite the skill of his hands.
- וְהִשְׁפִּיל֙vehishpilHc/Vhq3mstagged: and he will bring low
The high-walled fortress will be brought down, cast to the ground, into the dust.
- הִשְׁפִּ֛ילhishpilverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will bring low
For He has humbled those who dwell on high; He lays the lofty city low. He brings it down to the ground; He casts it into the dust.
- יַשְׁפִּילֶ֤נָּהyashpilenahverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: he will bring low it
- יַשְׁפִּילָהּ֙yashpilahverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: he will bring low it
You will be brought low, you will speak from the ground, and out of the dust your words will be muffled. Your voice will be like a spirit from the ground; your speech will whisper out of the dust.
- וְשָׁפַלְתְּ֙veshafaltHc/Vqq2fstagged: and you will become low
But hail will level the forest, and the city will sink to the depths.
- תִּשְׁפַּ֥לtishpalverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will become low
Every valley shall be lifted up, and every mountain and hill made low; the uneven ground will become smooth, and the rugged land a plain.
- יִשְׁפָּ֑לוּyishpaluverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will become low
You went to Molech with oil and multiplied your perfumes. You have sent your envoys a great distance; you have descended even to Sheol itself.
- וַתַּשְׁפִּ֖ילִיvatashpiliHc/Vhw2fstagged: and you showed abasement
Jeremiah
one use
Say to the king and to the queen mother: “Take a lowly seat, for your glorious crowns have fallen from your heads.”
- הַשְׁפִּ֣ילוּhashpiluverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: make low
Ezekiel
two uses
Then all the trees of the field will know that I am the LORD. I bring the tall tree down and make the low tree tall. I dry up the green tree and make the withered tree flourish. I, the LORD, have spoken, and I have done it.’”
- הִשְׁפַּ֣לְתִּי׀hishpaltiverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I bring low
This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Remove the turban, and take off the crown. Things will not remain as they are: Exalt the lowly and bring low the exalted.
- הַשְׁפִּֽיל׃hashpilverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to bring low
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.
