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Hebrew verb · H816

אָשַׁם

ashamaw-sham'

be guilty

35 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: ʼâsham

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H816is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 13 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 29
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H816

to be guilty; by implication to be punished or perish

The King James renders it: [idiom] certainly, be(-come, made) desolate, destroy, [idiom] greatly, be(-come, found, hold) guilty, offend (acknowledge offence), trespass.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

asham is rendered "be guilty". It stands 35 times in the Hebrew text, across thirteen books.

  • Eleven of the uses stand in Leviticus, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Leviticus 4:13Now if the whole congregation of Israel strays unintentionally and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly so that they violate any of the LORD’s commandments and incur guilt by doing what is forbidden,
  • The Greek text spells it twenty-nine different ways.

The first use

Now if the whole congregation of Israel strays unintentionally and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly so that they violate any of the LORD’s commandments and incur guilt by doing what is forbidden,

Leviticus 4:13וְאָשֵֽׁמוּ׃

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

Eleven of the word's thirty-five uses are in Leviticus.

The other 26 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • and he will be guilty7
  • they will be held guilty6
  • he was guilty2
  • you will be guilty2
  • and he became guilty1
  • and he is guilty1
  • and it will be guilty1
  • and they have become guilty1
  • and they have been held guilty1
  • and they may be held guilty1
  • and they will be guilty1
  • and you will be held guilty1

and 10 more, 35 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

אָשַׁרasharto blessUses16

The words it stands beside

All 35, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

29 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • וְאָשֵֽׁם׃4
  • וְאָשֵׁ֖ם2
  • יֶאְשַׁ֖ם2
  • יֶאְשָׁ֔מוּ2
  • אָשׁ֖וֹם1
  • אָשַׁ֖ם1
  • אָשַׁ֥ם1
  • אָשֹׁ֥ם1
  • אָשַׁ֗מְתְּ1
  • הַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֨ם׀1
  • וְאָשֵׁם֒1
  • וְאָשֵׁ֑ם1

and 17 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • Hc/Vqq3ms8Hc/Vqq3ms
  • verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural7HVqi3mp
  • Hc/Vqw3mp2Hc/Vqw3mp
  • verb · simple (qal), infinitive absolute2HVqaa
  • verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine plural2HVqi2mp
  • verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular2HVqp3ms
  • Hc/Vqq2ms1Hc/Vqq2ms
  • Hc/Vqq3cp1Hc/Vqq3cp
  • Hc/Vqq3fs1Hc/Vqq3fs
  • HC/Vqu3mp1HC/Vqu3mp
  • Hc/Vqw3ms1Hc/Vqw3ms
  • verb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine plural1HVhv2ms/Sp3mp

Leviticus

eleven uses
  • Now if the whole congregation of Israel strays unintentionally and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly so that they violate any of the LORD’s commandments and incur guilt by doing what is forbidden,

    Leviticus 4:13

    • וְאָשֵֽׁמוּ׃veashemuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will be guilty
  • When a leader sins unintentionally and does what is prohibited by any of the commandments of the LORD his God, he incurs guilt.

    Leviticus 4:22

    • וְאָשֵֽׁם׃veashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty
  • And if one of the common people sins unintentionally and does what is prohibited by any of the LORD’s commandments, he incurs guilt.

    Leviticus 4:27

    • וְאָשֵֽׁם׃veashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty
  • Or if a person touches anything unclean—whether the carcass of any unclean wild animal or livestock or crawling creature—even if he is unaware of it, he is unclean and guilty.

    Leviticus 5:2

    • וְאָשֵֽׁם׃veashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty
  • Or if he touches human uncleanness—anything by which one becomes unclean—even if he is unaware of it, when he realizes it, he is guilty.

    Leviticus 5:3

    • וְאָשֵֽׁם׃veashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty
  • Or if someone swears thoughtlessly with his lips to do anything good or evil—in whatever matter a man may rashly pronounce an oath—even if he is unaware of it, when he realizes it, he is guilty in the matter.

    Leviticus 5:4

    • וְאָשֵׁ֖םveashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty
  • If someone incurs guilt in one of these ways, he must confess the sin he has committed,

    Leviticus 5:5

    • יֶאְשַׁ֖םye'shamverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will be guilty
  • If someone sins and violates any of the LORD’s commandments even though he was unaware, he is guilty and shall bear his punishment.

    Leviticus 5:17

    • וְאָשֵׁ֖םveashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty
  • It is a guilt offering; he was certainly guilty before the LORD.”

    Leviticus 5:19

    • אָשֹׁ֥םʾashomverb · simple (qal), infinitive absolutetagged: certainly to be guilty
    • אָשַׁ֖םʾashamverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he was guilty
  • once he has sinned and becomes guilty, he must return what he has stolen or taken by extortion, or the deposit entrusted to him, or the lost property he found,

    Leviticus 6:4

    • וְאָשֵׁם֒veashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be guilty

Numbers

two uses
  • “Tell the Israelites that when a man or woman acts unfaithfully against the LORD by committing any sin against another, that person is guilty

    Numbers 5:6

    • וְאָֽשְׁמָ֖הveashemahHc/Vqq3fstagged: and it will be guilty
  • and must confess the sin he has committed. He must make full restitution, add a fifth to its value, and give all this to the one he has wronged.

    Numbers 5:7

    • אָשַׁ֥םʾashamverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he was guilty

Judges

one use
  • When their fathers or brothers come to us to complain, we will tell them, ‘Do us a favor by helping them, since we did not get wives for each of them in the war. Since you did not actually give them your daughters, you have no guilt.’”

    Judges 21:22

    • תֶּאְשָֽׁמוּ׃ סte'shamuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you will be guilty

2 Chronicles

two uses
  • For every dispute that comes before you from your brothers who dwell in their cities—whether it regards bloodshed or some other violation of law, commandments, statutes, or ordinances—you are to warn them, so that they will not incur guilt before the LORD and wrath will not come upon you and your brothers. Do this, and you will not incur guilt.

    2 Chronicles 19:10

    • יֶאְשְׁמוּ֙ye'shemuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be guilty
    • תֶאְשָֽׁמוּ׃te'shamuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you will be guilty

Psalms

three uses
  • Declare them guilty, O God; let them fall by their own devices. Drive them out for their many transgressions, for they have rebelled against You.

    Psalms 5:10

    • הַֽאֲשִׁימֵ֨ם׀haashimemverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: hold guilty them
  • Evil will slay the wicked, and the haters of the righteous will be condemned.

    Psalms 34:21

    • יֶאְשָֽׁמוּ׃ye'shamuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be held guilty
  • The LORD redeems His servants, and none who take refuge in Him will be condemned.

    Psalms 34:22

    • יֶ֝אְשְׁמ֗וּye'shemuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be held guilty

Proverbs

one use
  • Do not slander a servant to his master, or he will curse you, and you will bear the guilt.

    Proverbs 30:10

    • וְאָשָֽׁמְתָּ׃veashametaHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will be held guilty

Isaiah

one use
  • Therefore a curse has consumed the earth, and its inhabitants must bear the guilt; the earth’s dwellers have been burned, and only a few survive.

    Isaiah 24:6

    • וַֽיֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּvaiye'shemuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they have been held guilty

Jeremiah

two uses
  • Israel was holy to the LORD, the firstfruits of His harvest. All who devoured her found themselves guilty; disaster came upon them,’” declares the LORD.

    Jeremiah 2:3

    • יֶאְשָׁ֔מוּye'shamuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be held guilty
  • All who found them devoured them, and their enemies said, ‘We are not guilty, for they have sinned against the LORD, their true pasture, the LORD, the hope of their fathers.’

    Jeremiah 50:7

    • נֶאְשָׁ֑םne'shamverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common pluraltagged: we are guilty

Ezekiel

four uses
  • Wherever you live, the cities will be laid waste and the high places will be demolished, so that your altars will be laid waste and desecrated, your idols smashed and obliterated, your incense altars cut down, and your works blotted out.

    Ezekiel 6:6

    • וְיֶאְשְׁמ֜וּveye'shemuHC/Vqu3mptagged: and they may be held guilty
  • you are guilty of the blood you have shed, and you are defiled by the idols you have made. You have brought your days to a close and have come to the end of your years. Therefore I have made you a reproach to the nations and a mockery to all the lands.

    Ezekiel 22:4

    • אָשַׁ֗מְתְּʾashamtverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person feminine singulartagged: you have become guilty
  • This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because Edom acted vengefully against the house of Judah, and in so doing incurred grievous guilt,

    Ezekiel 25:12

    • וַיֶּאְשְׁמ֥וּvaiye'shemuHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they have become guilty
    • אָשׁ֖וֹםʾashomverb · simple (qal), infinitive absolutetagged: continually be guilty

Hosea

five uses
  • Though you prostitute yourself, O Israel, may Judah avoid such guilt! Do not journey to Gilgal, do not go up to Beth-aven, and do not swear on oath, ‘As surely as the LORD lives!’

    Hosea 4:15

    • יֶאְשַׁ֖םye'shamverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it become guilty
  • Then I will return to My place until they admit their guilt and seek My face; in their affliction they will earnestly seek Me.”

    Hosea 5:15

    • יֶאְשְׁמ֖וּye'shemuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be held guilty
  • Their hearts are devious; now they must bear their guilt. The LORD will break down their altars and demolish their sacred pillars.

    Hosea 10:2

    • יֶאְשָׁ֑מוּye'shamuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be held guilty
  • When Ephraim spoke, there was trembling; he was exalted in Israel. But he incurred guilt through Baal, and he died.

    Hosea 13:1

    • וַיֶּאְשַׁ֥םvaiye'shamHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he became guilty
  • Samaria will bear her guilt because she has rebelled against her God. They will fall by the sword; their little ones will be dashed to pieces, and their pregnant women ripped open.

    Hosea 13:16

    • תֶּאְשַׁם֙te'shamverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will be held guilty

Joel

one use
  • How the cattle groan! The herds wander in confusion because they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep are suffering.

    Joel 1:18

    • נֶאְשָֽׁמוּ׃ne'shamuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have suffered

Habakkuk

one use
  • Then they sweep by like the wind and pass on through. They are guilty; their own strength is their god.”

    Habakkuk 1:11

    • וְאָשֵׁ֑םveashemHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he is guilty

Zechariah

one use
  • whose buyers slaughter them without remorse. Those who sell them say, ‘Blessed be the LORD, for I am rich!’ Even their own shepherds have no compassion on them.

    Zechariah 11:5

    • יֶאְשָׁ֔מוּye'shamuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be held guilty

The letters

Gematria 341· 901 mispar gadol

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →