Hebrew verb · H2790
חָרַשׁ
charashkhaw-rash'
to plow/plot; be quiet
74 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: chârash
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H2790is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 21 of 39Old Testament books
- 67spellings
- 2meanings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · H2790
to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad sense); hence (from the idea of secrecy) to be silent, to let alone; hence (by implication) to be deaf (as an accompaniment of dumbness)
The King James renders it: [idiom] altogether, cease, conceal, be deaf, devise, ear, graven, imagine, leave off speaking, hold peace, plow(-er, man), be quiet, rest, practise secretly, keep silence, be silent, speak not a word, be still, hold tongue, worker.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
charash is rendered "to plow/plot; be quiet". It stands 74 times in the Hebrew text, across twenty-one books.
- Eleven of the uses stand in Job, more than in any other book.
- The lexicon lists two meanings for it, beginning with "to plow/plot".
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Genesis 4:22And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
- The Greek text spells it sixty-seven different ways.
The first use
And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
Genesis 4:22חֹרֵ֥שׁ
The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.
Where the word stands
What the word means
The word carries two meanings: to plow/plot, and be quiet.
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
| Meaning | Tagged as | Where |
|---|---|---|
| to plow/plotStrong's entry A | Tagged aslisted under the table | WhereGenesis 4:22And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron… |
| be quietStrong's entry B | Tagged aslisted under the table | Wherein the ledger below |
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- I will keep silent4
- you be silent4
- and he will keep silent3
- and they kept silent3
- devisers of3
- keep quiet3
- and they were silent2
- be silent2
- certainly to be silent2
- it will be plowed2
- plowing2
- you will keep quiet2
and 42 more, 74 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
The words it stands beside
All 74, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
67 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- חֹ֣רְשֵׁי4
- אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ2
- הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ2
- הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ2
- חֹרֵ֣שׁ2
- אַחֲרִ֣ישׁ1
- אַחֲרִ֥ישׁ1
- אַחֲרִ֖ישׁ1
- הַחֲרִ֣ישׁוּ1
- הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ1
- הַחֲרִ֙ישִׁי֙1
- הֶחֱרִ֥שׁ1
and 55 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- verb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singular6HVqj2ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singular5HVhi1cs
- verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singular5HVqrmsa
- Hc/Vhq3ms4Hc/Vhq3ms
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular4HVqi3ms
- verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)4HVqrmpc
- Hc/Vhw3mp3Hc/Vhw3mp
- verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absolute3HVhaa
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular3HVhi3ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singular3HVhrmsa
- verb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular3HVhv2ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nun2HVhi2mp/Sn
Genesis
three uses
And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
- חֹרֵ֥שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: worker of
Meanwhile, the man watched her silently to see whether or not the LORD had made his journey a success.
- מַחֲרִ֕ישׁmacharishverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: being silent
Jacob heard that Shechem had defiled his daughter Dinah, but since his sons were with his livestock in the field, he remained silent about it until they returned.
- וְהֶחֱרִ֥שׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3mstagged: and he kept silent
Exodus
one use
The LORD will fight for you; you need only to be still.”
- תַּחֲרִישֽׁוּן׃ פtacharishunverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nuntagged: you will keep quiet
Numbers
six uses
and her father hears about her vow or pledge but says nothing to her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.
- וְהֶחֱרִ֥ישׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3mstagged: and he will keep silent
and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her on that day, then the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.
- וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3mstagged: and he will keep silent
and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her and does not prohibit her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.
- וְהֶחֱרִ֣שׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3mstagged: and he will keep silent
But if her husband says nothing to her from day to day, then he confirms all the vows and pledges that bind her. He has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard about them.
- הַחֲרֵשׁ֩hachareshverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absolutetagged: certainly to be silent
- יַחֲרִ֨ישׁyacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will keep silent
- הֶחֱרִ֥שׁhecherishverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he kept silent
Deuteronomy
one use
Do not plow with an ox and a donkey yoked together.
- תַחֲרֹ֥שׁtacharoshverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you will plow
Judges
three uses
Before sunset on the seventh day, the men of the city said to Samson: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” So he said to them: “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle!”
- חֲרַשְׁתֶּ֣םcharashtemverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you had plowed
When the Gazites heard that Samson was there, they surrounded that place and lay in wait for him all night at the city gate. They were quiet throughout the night, saying, “Let us wait until dawn; then we will kill him.”
- וַיִּתְחָרְשׁ֤וּvaiyitchareshuHc/Vtw3mptagged: and they were silent
“Be quiet,” they told him. “Put your hand over your mouth and come with us and be a father and a priest to us. Is it better for you to be a priest for the house of one person or a priest for a tribe and family in Israel?”
- הַחֲרֵ֜שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: keep quiet
1 Samuel
four uses
and said to Samuel, “Do not stop crying out to the LORD our God for us, that He may save us from the hand of the Philistines.”
- תַּחֲרֵ֣שׁtachareshverb · causative (hiphil), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you keep silent
He will appoint some for himself as commanders of thousands and of fifties, and others to plow his ground, to reap his harvest, to make his weapons of war, and to equip his chariots.
- וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁvelacharoshconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: and to plow
But some worthless men said, “How can this man save us?” So they despised him and brought him no gifts; but Saul remained silent about it.
- כְּמַחֲרִֽישׁ׃ פkemacharishpreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: like kept silent
When David learned that Saul was plotting evil against him, he said to Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod.”
- מַחֲרִ֣ישׁmacharishverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: plotting
2 Samuel
two uses
Her brother Absalom said to her, “Has your brother Amnon been with you? Be quiet for now, my sister. He is your brother. Do not take this thing to heart.” So Tamar lived as a desolate woman in the house of her brother Absalom.
- הַחֲרִ֙ישִׁי֙hacharishiverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person feminine singulartagged: keep silent
But Absalom, the man we anointed over us, has died in battle. So why do you say nothing about restoring the king?”
- מַחֲרִשִׁ֖יםmacharishimverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine pluraltagged: keeping silent
1 Kings
two uses
He was the son of a widow from the tribe of Naphtali, and his father was a man of Tyre, a craftsman in bronze. Huram had great skill, understanding, and knowledge for every kind of bronze work. So he came to King Solomon and carried out all his work.
- חֹרֵ֣שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: a worker
So Elijah departed and found Elisha son of Shaphat. He was plowing with twelve teams of oxen, and he was with the twelfth team. Elijah passed by him and threw his cloak around him.
- חֹרֵ֔שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: plowing
2 Kings
one use
But the people remained silent and did not answer a word, for Hezekiah had commanded, “Do not answer him.”
- וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁוּvehecherishuHc/Vhq3cptagged: and they kept silent
Nehemiah
one use
and said, “We have done our best to buy back our Jewish brothers who were sold to foreigners, but now you are selling your own brothers, that they may be sold back to us!” But they remained silent, for they could find nothing to say.
- וַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּvaiyacharishuHc/Vhw3mptagged: and they were silent
Esther
three uses
For if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. And who knows if perhaps you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”
- הַחֲרֵ֣שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absolutetagged: certainly to keep quiet
- תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮tacharishiverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person feminine singulartagged: you will keep quiet
For my people and I have been sold out to destruction, death, and annihilation. If we had merely been sold as menservants and maidservants, I would have remained silent, because no such distress would justify burdening the king.”
- הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּיhecherashtiverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I kept quiet
Job
eleven uses
a messenger came and reported to Job: “While the oxen were plowing and the donkeys were grazing nearby,
- חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹתchoreshotverb · simple (qal), participle · feminine pluraltagged: plowing
As I have observed, those who plow iniquity and those who sow trouble reap the same.
- חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: plowers of
Teach me, and I will be silent. Help me understand how I have erred.
- אַחֲרִ֑ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will keep silent
Should your babbling put others to silence? Will you scoff without rebuke?
- יַחֲרִ֑ישׁוyacharishvverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: will they silence
If only you would remain silent; for that would be your wisdom!
- הַחֲרֵ֣שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absolutetagged: certainly to be silent
- תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּןtacharishunverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nuntagged: you will be silent
Be silent, and I will speak. Then let come to me what may.
- הַחֲרִ֣ישׁוּhacharishuverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: be silent
Can anyone indict me? If so, I will be silent and die.
- אַחֲרִ֣ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will keep silent
Pay attention, Job, and listen to me; be silent, and I will speak.
- הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: keep quiet
But if not, then listen to me; be quiet, and I will teach you wisdom.”
- הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: keep quiet
I cannot keep silent about his limbs, his power and graceful form.
- אַחֲרִ֥ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will keep silent
Psalms
ten uses
To You, O LORD, I call; be not deaf to me, O my Rock. For if You remain silent, I will be like those descending to the Pit.
- תֶּחֱרַ֪שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be deaf
When I kept silent, my bones became brittle from my groaning all day long.
- הֶ֭חֱרַשְׁתִּיhecherashtiverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I kept silent
O LORD, You have seen it; be not silent. O Lord, be not far from me.
- תֶּחֱרַ֑שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be silent
Hear my prayer, O LORD, and give ear to my cry for help; do not be deaf to my weeping. For I am a foreigner dwelling with You, a stranger like all my fathers.
- תֶּ֫חֱרַ֥שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be silent
Our God approaches and will not be silent! Consuming fire precedes Him, and a tempest rages around Him.
- יֶ֫חֱרַ֥שׁyecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he be silent
You have done these things, and I kept silent; you thought I was just like you. But now I rebuke you and accuse you to your face.
- וְֽהֶחֱרַ֗שְׁתִּיvehecherashticonjunction (“and”) + verb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: and I kept silent
O God, be not silent; be not speechless; be not still, O God.
- תֶּחֱרַ֖שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be silent
O God of my praise, be not silent.
- תֶּחֱרַֽשׁ׃techerashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be silent
The plowmen plowed over my back; they made their furrows long.
- חָרְשׁ֣וּchareshuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have plowed
- חֹרְשִׁ֑יםchoreshimverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: plowmen
Proverbs
nine uses
Do not devise evil against your neighbor, for he trustfully dwells beside you.
- תַּחֲרֹ֣שׁtacharoshverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you devise
With deceit in his heart he devises evil; he continually sows discord.
- חֹרֵ֣שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: devising
a heart that devises wicked schemes, feet that run swiftly to evil,
- חֹ֭רֵשׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: devises
Whoever shows contempt for his neighbor lacks judgment, but a man of understanding remains silent.
- יַחֲרִֽישׁ׃yacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he keeps quiet
Deceit is in the hearts of those who devise evil, but the counselors of peace have joy.
- חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: devisers of
Do not those who contrive evil go astray? But those who plan goodness find loving devotion and faithfulness.
- חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: devisers of
- חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: devisers of
Even a fool is considered wise if he keeps silent, and discerning when he holds his tongue.
- מַ֭חֲרִישׁmacharishverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: keeps silent
The slacker does not plow in season; at harvest time he looks, but nothing is there.
- יַחֲרֹ֑שׁyacharoshverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he plows
Isaiah
five uses
Does the plowman plow for planting every day? Does he continuously loosen and harrow the soil?
- יַחֲרֹ֥שׁyacharoshverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: does he plow
- הַחֹרֵ֖שׁhachoreshthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: the plowman
But the people remained silent and did not answer a word, for Hezekiah had commanded, “Do not answer him.”
- וַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּvaiyacharishuHc/Vhw3mptagged: and they kept silent
“Be silent before Me, O islands, and let the peoples renew their strength. Let them come forward and testify; let us together draw near for judgment.
- הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּhacharishuverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: be silent
“I have kept silent from ages past; I have remained quiet and restrained. But now I will groan like a woman in labor; I will at once gasp and pant.
- אַחֲרִ֖ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I have kept silent
Jeremiah
four uses
My anguish, my anguish! I writhe in pain! Oh, the pain in my chest! My heart pounds within me; I cannot be silent. For I have heard the sound of the horn, the alarm of battle.
- אַחֲרִ֑ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will keep silent
“The sin of Judah is written with an iron stylus, engraved with a diamond point on the tablets of their hearts and on the horns of their altars.
- חֲרוּשָׁה֙charushahverb · simple (qal), passive participle · feminine singulartagged: engraved
“Micah the Moreshite prophesied in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah and told all the people of Judah that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘Zion will be plowed like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble, and the temple mount a wooded ridge.’
- תֵֽחָרֵשׁ֙techareshverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will be plowed
When all the officials came to Jeremiah and questioned him, he relayed to them the exact words the king had commanded him to say. So they said no more to him, for no one had overheard the conversation.
- וַיַּחֲרִ֣שׁוּvaiyacharishuHc/Vhw3mptagged: and they kept silent
Hosea
two uses
Ephraim is a well-trained heifer that loves to thresh; but I will place a yoke on her fair neck. I will harness Ephraim, Judah will plow, and Jacob will break the hard ground.
- יַחֲר֣וֹשׁyacharooshverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will plow
You have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice; you have eaten the fruit of lies. Because you have trusted in your own way and in the multitude of your mighty men,
- חֲרַשְׁתֶּם־charashtem-verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you have plowed
Amos
two uses
“Do horses gallop on the cliffs? Does one plow the sea with oxen? But you have turned justice into poison and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood—
- יַחֲר֖וֹשׁyacharooshverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: does anyone plow
“Behold, the days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when the plowman will overtake the reaper and the treader of grapes, the sower of seed. The mountains will drip with sweet wine, with which all the hills will flow.
- חוֹרֵשׁ֙choreshverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: plowman
Micah
two uses
Therefore, because of you, Zion will be plowed like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble, and the temple mount a wooded ridge.
- תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁtechareshverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will be plowed
Nations will see and be ashamed, deprived of all their might. They will put their hands over their mouths, and their ears will become deaf.
- תֶּחֱרַֽשְׁנָה׃techerashnahverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine pluraltagged: they will be deaf
Habakkuk
one use
Your eyes are too pure to look upon evil, and You cannot tolerate wrongdoing. So why do You tolerate the faithless? Why are You silent while the wicked swallow up those more righteous than themselves?
- תַּחֲרִ֕ישׁtacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: are you silent
Zephaniah
one use
The LORD your God is among you; He is mighty to save. He will rejoice over you with gladness; He will quiet you with His love; He will rejoice over you with singing.”
- יַחֲרִישׁ֙yacharishverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will be silent
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.