Word Study · Strong's H5707 · Hebrew
עֵד
ed
ayd
Strong's 1890 spelling: ʻêd
“concretely, a witness”
Strong's Dictionary · 1890 · public domain
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e. prince
Rendered in the KJV as
witness.
- 70occurrencesin the Old Testament
- 16 of 39Old Testament bookswhere the word stands
- 44inflected formsdistinct spellings
Across 70 occurrences
The word itself
Inflected forms · 44
- עֵ֣ד10
- עֵ֥ד6
- לְעֵ֖ד3
- עֵד־3
- עֵדִ֖ים3
- עֵדִ֑ים3
- לְעֵ֔ד2
- עֵ֨ד2
- עֵדִ֗ים2
- עֵדִ֤ים2
- הָעֵ֔ד1
- הָעֵדִ֞ים1
and 32 more spellings in the ledger below.
How it is rendered · 28
- a witness of12
- witnesses10
- [is] a witness7
- into a witness5
- a witness4
- [are] witnesses3
- [are] witnesses my3
- and a witness3
- testimony of2
- the witnesses2
- witnesses of2
- [he is] a witness1
The sense the word carries at each spot — how the translators read it there, not a fixed translation.
How it parses · 16
- noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)16
- noun · masculine plural14
- noun · masculine singular13
- preposition + noun · masculine singular7
- conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular5
- noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singular3
- noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)2
- the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine plural2
- conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine plural1
- conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)1
- conjunction (“and”) + preposition + noun · masculine singular1
- noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singular1
Show the grammar codes as tagged
- HNcmsc · 16
- HNcmpa · 14
- HNcmsa · 13
- HR/Ncmsa · 7
- HC/Ncmsa · 5
- HNcmpc/Sp1bs · 3
- HNcmpc · 2
- HTd/Ncmpa · 2
- HC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp · 1
- HC/Ncmsc · 1
- HC/R/Ncmsa · 1
- HNcmpc/Sp2ms · 1
All 70, in canonical order
The ledger of occurrences
Where this word lives
- Deuteronomy14 of 70 · 20%
- Proverbs11 of 70 · 16%
- Isaiah8 of 70 · 11%
- Jeremiah6 of 70 · 9%
- Joshua5 of 70 · 7%
Deuteronomy carries the most and opens below; every other book is one click.
Genesis4 occurrences
- Genesis 31:44לְעֵ֖דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singularCome now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.”here: into a witness
- Genesis 31:48עֵ֛דʾednoun · masculine singularThen Laban declared, “This mound is a witness between you and me this day.” Therefore the place was called Galeed.here: [is] a witness
- Genesis 31:50עֵ֖דʾednoun · masculine singularIf you mistreat my daughters or take other wives, although no one is with us, remember that God is a witness between you and me.”here: [is] a witness
- Genesis 31:52עֵ֚דʾednoun · masculine singularThis mound is a witness, and this pillar is a witness, that I will not go past this mound to harm you, and you will not go past this mound and pillar to harm me.here: [is] a witness
Exodus3 occurrences
- Exodus 20:16עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.here: testimony of
- Exodus 22:13עֵ֑דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.here: evidence
- Exodus 23:1עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)“You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.here: a witness of
Numbers3 occurrences
- Numbers 5:13וְעֵד֙veedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singularby sleeping with another man, and it is concealed from her husband and her impurity is undetected (since there is no witness against her and she was not caught in the act),here: and [was] a witness
- Numbers 35:30עֵדִ֔יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralIf anyone kills a person, the murderer is to be put to death on the testimony of the witnesses. But no one is to be put to death based on the testimony of a lone witness.here: witnesses
- Numbers 35:30וְעֵ֣דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singularIf anyone kills a person, the murderer is to be put to death on the testimony of the witnesses. But no one is to be put to death based on the testimony of a lone witness.here: and a witness
Deuteronomy14 occurrences
- Deuteronomy 5:20עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.here: testimony of
- Deuteronomy 17:6עֵדִ֗יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralOn the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.here: witnesses
- Deuteronomy 17:6עֵדִ֖יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralOn the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.here: witnesses
- Deuteronomy 17:6עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singularOn the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.here: a witness
- Deuteronomy 17:7הָעֵדִ֞יםhaedimthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine pluralThe hands of the witnesses shall be the first in putting him to death, and after that, the hands of all the people. So you must purge the evil from among you.here: the witnesses
- Deuteronomy 19:15עֵ֨דʾednoun · masculine singularA lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.here: a witness
- Deuteronomy 19:15עֵדִ֗יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralA lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.here: witnesses
- Deuteronomy 19:15עֵדִ֖יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralA lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.here: witnesses
- Deuteronomy 19:16עֵד־ʾed-noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)If a false witness testifies against someone, accusing him of a crime,here: a witness of
- Deuteronomy 19:18עֵֽד־ʾed-noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)The judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar who has falsely accused his brother,here: [is] a witness of
- Deuteronomy 19:18הָעֵ֔דhaedthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singularThe judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar who has falsely accused his brother,here: the witness
- Deuteronomy 31:19לְעֵ֖דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singularNow therefore, write down for yourselves this song and teach it to the Israelites; have them recite it, so that it may be a witness for Me against them.here: into a witness
- Deuteronomy 31:21לְעֵ֔דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singularAnd when many troubles and afflictions have come upon them, this song will testify against them, because it will not be forgotten from the lips of their descendants. For I know their inclination, even before I bring them into the land that I swore to give them.”here: to a witness
- Deuteronomy 31:26לְעֵֽד׃leedpreposition + noun · masculine singular“Take this Book of the Law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, so that it may remain there as a witness against you.here: into a witness
Joshua5 occurrences
- Joshua 22:27עֵ֨דʾednoun · masculine singularRather, let it be a witness between us and you and the generations to come, that we will worship the LORD in His presence with our burnt offerings, sacrifices, and peace offerings.’ Then in the future, your descendants cannot say to ours, ‘You have no share in the LORD!’here: [is] a witness
- Joshua 22:28עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singularTherefore we said, ‘If they ever say this to us or to our descendants, we will answer: Look at the replica of the altar of the LORD that our fathers made, not for burnt offerings or sacrifices, but as a witness between us and you.’here: [is] a witness
- Joshua 22:34עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singularSo the Reubenites and Gadites named the altar Witness, for they said, “It is a witness between us that the LORD is God.”here: [is] a witness
- Joshua 24:22עֵדִ֤יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralThen Joshua told them, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen to serve the LORD.” “We are witnesses!” they said.here: [are] witnesses
- Joshua 24:22עֵדִֽים׃ʾedimnoun · masculine pluralThen Joshua told them, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen to serve the LORD.” “We are witnesses!” they said.here: witnesses
Ruth3 occurrences
- Ruth 4:9עֵדִ֤יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralAt this, Boaz said to the elders and all the people, “You are witnesses today that I am buying from Naomi all that belonged to Elimelech, Chilion, and Mahlon.here: [are] witnesses
- Ruth 4:10עֵדִ֥יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralMoreover, I have acquired Ruth the Moabitess, Mahlon’s widow, as my wife, to raise up the name of the deceased through his inheritance, so that his name will not disappear from among his brothers or from the gate of his home. You are witnesses today.”here: [are] witnesses
- Ruth 4:11עֵדִ֑יםʾedimnoun · masculine plural“We are witnesses,” said the elders and all the people at the gate. “May the LORD make the woman entering your home like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you be prosperous in Ephrathah and famous in Bethlehem.here: [we are] witnesses
1 Samuel3 occurrences
- 1 Samuel 12:5עֵ֧דʾednoun · masculine singularSamuel said to them, “The LORD is a witness against you, and His anointed is a witness today, that you have not found anything in my hand.” “He is a witness,” they replied.here: [is] a witness
- 1 Samuel 12:5וְעֵ֤דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singularSamuel said to them, “The LORD is a witness against you, and His anointed is a witness today, that you have not found anything in my hand.” “He is a witness,” they replied.here: and [is] a witness
- 1 Samuel 12:5עֵֽד׃ פʾednoun · masculine singularSamuel said to them, “The LORD is a witness against you, and His anointed is a witness today, that you have not found anything in my hand.” “He is a witness,” they replied.here: [he is] a witness
Job3 occurrences
- Job 10:17עֵדֶ֨יךָ׀ʾedeikhanoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singularYou produce new witnesses against me and multiply Your anger toward me. Hardships assault me in wave after wave.here: witnesses your
- Job 16:8לְעֵ֣דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singularYou have bound me, and it has become a witness; my frailty rises up and testifies against me.here: into a witness
- Job 16:19עֵדִ֑יʾedinoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singularEven now my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.here: witness my
Psalms3 occurrences
- Psalms 27:12עֵֽדֵי־ʾedei-noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)Do not hand me over to the will of my foes, for false witnesses rise up against me, breathing out violence.here: witnesses of
- Psalms 35:11עֵדֵ֣יʾedeinoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)Hostile witnesses come forward; they make charges I know nothing about.here: witnesses of
- Psalms 89:37וְעֵ֥דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singularlike the moon, established forever, a faithful witness in the sky.” Selahhere: and a witness
Proverbs11 occurrences
- Proverbs 6:19עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)a false witness who gives false testimony, and one who stirs up discord among brothers.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 12:17וְעֵ֖דveedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)He who speaks the truth declares what is right, but a false witness speaks deceit.here: and a witness of
- Proverbs 14:5עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)An honest witness does not deceive, but a dishonest witness pours forth lies.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 14:5עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)An honest witness does not deceive, but a dishonest witness pours forth lies.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 14:25עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 19:5עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)A false witness will not go unpunished, and one who utters lies will not escape.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 19:9עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)A false witness will not go unpunished, and one who pours out lies will perish.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 19:28עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)A corrupt witness mocks justice, and a wicked mouth swallows iniquity.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 21:28עֵד־ʾed-noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)A lying witness will perish, but the man who listens to truth will speak forever.here: a witness of
- Proverbs 24:28עֵד־ʾed-noun · masculine singularDo not testify against your neighbor without cause, and do not deceive with your lips.here: a witness
- Proverbs 25:18עֵ֣דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor.here: a witness of
Isaiah8 occurrences
- Isaiah 8:2עֵדִ֖יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralAnd I will appoint for Myself trustworthy witnesses—Uriah the priest and Zechariah son of Jeberekiah.”here: witnesses
- Isaiah 19:20וּלְעֵ֛דuleedconjunction (“and”) + preposition + noun · masculine singularIt will be a sign and a witness to the LORD of Hosts in the land of Egypt. When they cry out to the LORD because of their oppressors, He will send them a savior and defender to rescue them.here: and into a witness
- Isaiah 43:9עֵֽדֵיהֶם֙ʾedeihemnoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluralAll the nations gather together and the peoples assemble. Who among them can declare this, and proclaim to us the former things? Let them present their witnesses to vindicate them, so that others may hear and say, “It is true.”here: witnesses their
- Isaiah 43:10עֵדַי֙ʾedainoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singular“You are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “and My servant whom I have chosen, so that you may consider and believe Me and understand that I am He. Before Me no god was formed, and after Me none will come.here: [are] witnesses my
- Isaiah 43:12עֵדַ֛יʾedainoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singularI alone decreed and saved and proclaimed— I, and not some foreign god among you. So you are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “that I am God.here: [are] witnesses my
- Isaiah 44:8עֵדָ֑יʾedainoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singularDo not tremble or fear. Have I not told you and declared it long ago? You are My witnesses! Is there any God but Me? There is no other Rock; I know not one.”here: [are] witnesses my
- Isaiah 44:9וְעֵדֵיהֶ֣םveedeihemconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluralAll makers of idols are nothing, and the things they treasure are worthless. Their witnesses fail to see or comprehend, so they are put to shame.here: and witnesses their
- Isaiah 55:4עֵ֥דʾednoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Behold, I have made him a witness to the nations, a leader and commander of the peoples.here: a witness of
Jeremiah6 occurrences
- Jeremiah 29:23וָעֵ֖דvaedconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singularFor they have committed an outrage in Israel by committing adultery with the wives of their neighbors and speaking lies in My name, which I did not command them to do. I am He who knows, and I am a witness, declares the LORD.”here: and a witness
- Jeremiah 32:10עֵדִ֑יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralI signed and sealed the deed, called in witnesses, and weighed out the silver on the scales.here: witnesses
- Jeremiah 32:12הָֽעֵדִ֔יםhaedimthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine pluraland I gave this deed to Baruch son of Neriah, the son of Mahseiah, in the sight of my cousin Hanamel and the witnesses who were signing the purchase agreement and all the Jews sitting in the courtyard of the guard.here: the witnesses
- Jeremiah 32:25עֵדִ֑יםʾedimnoun · masculine pluralYet You, O Lord GOD, have said to me, ‘Buy for yourself the field with silver and call in witnesses, even though the city has been delivered into the hands of the Chaldeans!’”here: witnesses
- Jeremiah 32:44עֵדִים֒ʾedimnoun · masculine pluralFields will be purchased with silver, and deeds will be signed, sealed, and witnessed in the land of Benjamin, in the areas surrounding Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah—the cities of the hill country, the foothills, and the Negev—because I will restore them from captivity, declares the LORD.”here: witnesses
- Jeremiah 42:5לְעֵ֖דleedpreposition + noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Then they said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness against us if we do not act upon every word that the LORD your God sends you to tell us.here: into a witness of
Same headword in Strong's