Word Study · Strong's H2790 · Hebrew
חָרַשׁ
charash
khaw-rash'
Strong's 1890 spelling: chârash
“to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough”
Strong's Dictionary · 1890 · public domain
to scratch, i.e. (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad sense); hence (from the idea of secrecy) to be silent, to let alone; hence (by implication) to be deaf (as an accompaniment of dumbness)
Rendered in the KJV as
[idiom] altogether, cease, conceal, be deaf, devise, ear, graven, imagine, leave off speaking, hold peace, plow(-er, man), be quiet, rest, practise secretly, keep silence, be silent, speak not a word, be still, hold tongue, worker.
- 74occurrencesin the Old Testament
- 21 of 39Old Testament bookswhere the word stands
- 67inflected formsdistinct spellings
Across 74 occurrences
The word itself
Inflected forms · 67
- חֹ֣רְשֵׁי4
- אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ2
- הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ2
- הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁ2
- חֹרֵ֣שׁ2
- אַחֲרִ֣ישׁ1
- אַחֲרִ֥ישׁ1
- אַחֲרִ֖ישׁ1
- הַחֲרִ֣ישׁוּ1
- הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ1
- הַחֲרִ֙ישִׁי֙1
- הֶחֱרִ֥שׁ1
and 55 more spellings in the ledger below.
How it is rendered · 57
- I will keep silent4
- you be silent4
- and he will keep silent3
- and they kept silent3
- devisers of3
- keep quiet3
- and they were silent2
- be silent2
- it will be plowed2
- [he is] devising1
- [is] engraved1
- [the] plowman1
The sense the word carries at each spot — how the translators read it there, not a fixed translation.
How it parses · 37
- verb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singular6
- verb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 1st person common singular5
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular5
- Hc/Vhq3ms4
- verb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singular4
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)4
- Hc/Vhw3mp3
- verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absolute3
- verb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singular3
- verb · causative (hiphil), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular3
- verb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular3
- verb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nun2
Show the grammar codes as tagged
- HVqj2ms · 6
- HVhi1cs · 5
- HVqrmsa · 5
- Hc/Vhq3ms · 4
- HVqi3ms · 4
- HVqrmpc · 4
- Hc/Vhw3mp · 3
- HVhaa · 3
- HVhi3ms · 3
- HVhrmsa · 3
- HVhv2ms · 3
- HVhi2mp/Sn · 2
All 74, in canonical order
The ledger of occurrences
Where this word lives
Job carries the most and opens below; every other book is one click.
Genesis3 occurrences
- Genesis 4:22חֹרֵ֥שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.here: worker of
- Genesis 24:21מַחֲרִ֕ישׁmacharishverb · causative (hiphil), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularMeanwhile, the man watched her silently to see whether or not the LORD had made his journey a success.here: being silent
- Genesis 34:5וְהֶחֱרִ֥שׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3msJacob heard that Shechem had defiled his daughter Dinah, but since his sons were with his livestock in the field, he remained silent about it until they returned.here: and he kept silent
Numbers6 occurrences
- Numbers 30:4וְהֶחֱרִ֥ישׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3msand her father hears about her vow or pledge but says nothing to her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.here: and he will keep silent
- Numbers 30:7וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3msand her husband hears of it but says nothing to her on that day, then the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.here: and he will keep silent
- Numbers 30:11וְהֶחֱרִ֣שׁvehecherishHc/Vhq3msand her husband hears of it but says nothing to her and does not prohibit her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.here: and he will keep silent
- Numbers 30:14הַחֲרֵשׁ֩hachareshverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absoluteBut if her husband says nothing to her from day to day, then he confirms all the vows and pledges that bind her. He has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard about them.here: certainly [if] to be silent
- Numbers 30:14יַחֲרִ֨ישׁyacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularBut if her husband says nothing to her from day to day, then he confirms all the vows and pledges that bind her. He has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard about them.here: he will keep silent
- Numbers 30:14הֶחֱרִ֥שׁhecherishverb · causative (hiphil), completed action · 3rd person masculine singularBut if her husband says nothing to her from day to day, then he confirms all the vows and pledges that bind her. He has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard about them.here: he kept silent
Deuteronomy1 occurrence
Judges3 occurrences
- Judges 14:18חֲרַשְׁתֶּ֣םcharashtemverb · simple (qal), completed action · 2nd person masculine pluralBefore sunset on the seventh day, the men of the city said to Samson: “What is sweeter than honey? And what is stronger than a lion?” So he said to them: “If you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle!”here: you had plowed
- Judges 16:2וַיִּתְחָרְשׁ֤וּvaiyitchareshuHc/Vtw3mpWhen the Gazites heard that Samson was there, they surrounded that place and lay in wait for him all night at the city gate. They were quiet throughout the night, saying, “Let us wait until dawn; then we will kill him.”here: and they were silent
- Judges 18:19הַחֲרֵ֜שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular“Be quiet,” they told him. “Put your hand over your mouth and come with us and be a father and a priest to us. Is it better for you to be a priest for the house of one person or a priest for a tribe and family in Israel?”here: keep quiet
1 Samuel4 occurrences
- 1 Samuel 7:8תַּחֲרֵ֣שׁtachareshverb · causative (hiphil), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularand said to Samuel, “Do not stop crying out to the LORD our God for us, that He may save us from the hand of the Philistines.”here: you keep silent
- 1 Samuel 8:12וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁvelacharoshconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)He will appoint some for himself as commanders of thousands and of fifties, and others to plow his ground, to reap his harvest, to make his weapons of war, and to equip his chariots.here: and to plow
- 1 Samuel 10:27כְּמַחֲרִֽישׁ׃ פkemacharishpreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularBut some worthless men said, “How can this man save us?” So they despised him and brought him no gifts; but Saul remained silent about it.here: like [one who] kept silent
- 1 Samuel 23:9מַחֲרִ֣ישׁmacharishverb · causative (hiphil), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularWhen David learned that Saul was plotting evil against him, he said to Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod.”here: [was] plotting
2 Samuel2 occurrences
- 2 Samuel 13:20הַחֲרִ֙ישִׁי֙hacharishiverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person feminine singularHer brother Absalom said to her, “Has your brother Amnon been with you? Be quiet for now, my sister. He is your brother. Do not take this thing to heart.” So Tamar lived as a desolate woman in the house of her brother Absalom.here: keep silent
- 2 Samuel 19:10מַחֲרִשִׁ֖יםmacharishimverb · causative (hiphil), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine pluralBut Absalom, the man we anointed over us, has died in battle. So why do you say nothing about restoring the king?”here: keeping silent
1 Kings2 occurrences
- 1 Kings 7:14חֹרֵ֣שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularHe was the son of a widow from the tribe of Naphtali, and his father was a man of Tyre, a craftsman in bronze. Huram had great skill, understanding, and knowledge for every kind of bronze work. So he came to King Solomon and carried out all his work.here: a worker
- 1 Kings 19:19חֹרֵ֔שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularSo Elijah departed and found Elisha son of Shaphat. He was plowing with twelve teams of oxen, and he was with the twelfth team. Elijah passed by him and threw his cloak around him.here: [was] plowing
Esther3 occurrences
- Esther 4:14הַחֲרֵ֣שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absoluteFor if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. And who knows if perhaps you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”here: certainly to keep quiet
- Esther 4:14תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮tacharishiverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 2nd person feminine singularFor if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. And who knows if perhaps you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”here: you will keep quiet
- Esther 7:4הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּיhecherashtiverb · causative (hiphil), completed action · 1st person common singularFor my people and I have been sold out to destruction, death, and annihilation. If we had merely been sold as menservants and maidservants, I would have remained silent, because no such distress would justify burdening the king.”here: I kept quiet
Job11 occurrences
- Job 1:14חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹתchoreshotverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine plurala messenger came and reported to Job: “While the oxen were plowing and the donkeys were grazing nearby,here: plowing
- Job 4:8חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)As I have observed, those who plow iniquity and those who sow trouble reap the same.here: plowers of
- Job 6:24אַחֲרִ֑ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 1st person common singularTeach me, and I will be silent. Help me understand how I have erred.here: I will keep silent
- Job 11:3יַחֲרִ֑ישׁוyacharishvverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine pluralShould your babbling put others to silence? Will you scoff without rebuke?here: will they silence?
- Job 13:5הַחֲרֵ֣שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive absoluteIf only you would remain silent; for that would be your wisdom!here: certainly to be silent
- Job 13:5תַּחֲרִישׁ֑וּןtacharishunverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nunIf only you would remain silent; for that would be your wisdom!here: you will be silent !
- Job 13:13הַחֲרִ֣ישׁוּhacharishuverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine pluralBe silent, and I will speak. Then let come to me what may.here: be silent
- Job 13:19אַחֲרִ֣ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 1st person common singularCan anyone indict me? If so, I will be silent and die.here: I will keep silent
- Job 33:31הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singularPay attention, Job, and listen to me; be silent, and I will speak.here: keep quiet
- Job 33:33הַ֝חֲרֵ֗שׁhachareshverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singularBut if not, then listen to me; be quiet, and I will teach you wisdom.”here: keep quiet
- Job 41:12אַחֲרִ֥ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 1st person common singularI cannot keep silent about his limbs, his power and graceful form.here: I will keep silent
Psalms10 occurrences
- Psalms 28:1תֶּחֱרַ֪שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularTo You, O LORD, I call; be not deaf to me, O my Rock. For if You remain silent, I will be like those descending to the Pit.here: you be deaf
- Psalms 32:3הֶ֭חֱרַשְׁתִּיhecherashtiverb · causative (hiphil), completed action · 1st person common singularWhen I kept silent, my bones became brittle from my groaning all day long.here: I kept silent
- Psalms 35:22תֶּחֱרַ֑שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularO LORD, You have seen it; be not silent. O Lord, be not far from me.here: you be silent
- Psalms 39:12תֶּ֫חֱרַ֥שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularHear my prayer, O LORD, and give ear to my cry for help; do not be deaf to my weeping. For I am a foreigner dwelling with You, a stranger like all my fathers.here: you be silent
- Psalms 50:3יֶ֫חֱרַ֥שׁyecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 3rd person masculine singularOur God approaches and will not be silent! Consuming fire precedes Him, and a tempest rages around Him.here: he be silent
- Psalms 50:21וְֽהֶחֱרַ֗שְׁתִּיvehecherashticonjunction (“and”) + verb · causative (hiphil), completed action · 1st person common singularYou have done these things, and I kept silent; you thought I was just like you. But now I rebuke you and accuse you to your face.here: and I kept silent
- Psalms 83:1תֶּחֱרַ֖שׁtecherashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularO God, be not silent; be not speechless; be not still, O God.here: you be silent
- Psalms 109:1תֶּחֱרַֽשׁ׃techerashverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularO God of my praise, be not silent.here: you be silent
- Psalms 129:3חָרְשׁ֣וּchareshuverb · simple (qal), completed action · 3rd person common pluralThe plowmen plowed over my back; they made their furrows long.here: they have plowed
- Psalms 129:3חֹרְשִׁ֑יםchoreshimverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine pluralThe plowmen plowed over my back; they made their furrows long.here: plowmen
Proverbs9 occurrences
- Proverbs 3:29תַּחֲרֹ֣שׁtacharoshverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singularDo not devise evil against your neighbor, for he trustfully dwells beside you.here: you devise
- Proverbs 6:14חֹרֵ֣שׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularWith deceit in his heart he devises evil; he continually sows discord.here: [he is] devising
- Proverbs 6:18חֹ֭רֵשׁchoreshverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singulara heart that devises wicked schemes, feet that run swiftly to evil,here: [which] devises
- Proverbs 11:12יַחֲרִֽישׁ׃yacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularWhoever shows contempt for his neighbor lacks judgment, but a man of understanding remains silent.here: he keeps quiet
- Proverbs 12:20חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)Deceit is in the hearts of those who devise evil, but the counselors of peace have joy.here: devisers of
- Proverbs 14:22חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)Do not those who contrive evil go astray? But those who plan goodness find loving devotion and faithfulness.here: devisers of
- Proverbs 14:22חֹ֣רְשֵׁיchoresheiverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)Do not those who contrive evil go astray? But those who plan goodness find loving devotion and faithfulness.here: devisers of
- Proverbs 17:28מַ֭חֲרִישׁmacharishverb · causative (hiphil), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularEven a fool is considered wise if he keeps silent, and discerning when he holds his tongue.here: [who] keeps silent
- Proverbs 20:4יַחֲרֹ֑שׁyacharoshverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularThe slacker does not plow in season; at harvest time he looks, but nothing is there.here: he plows
Isaiah5 occurrences
- Isaiah 28:24יַחֲרֹ֥שׁyacharoshverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularDoes the plowman plow for planting every day? Does he continuously loosen and harrow the soil?here: does he plow
- Isaiah 28:24הַחֹרֵ֖שׁhachoreshthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singularDoes the plowman plow for planting every day? Does he continuously loosen and harrow the soil?here: the plowman
- Isaiah 36:21וַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּvaiyacharishuHc/Vhw3mpBut the people remained silent and did not answer a word, for Hezekiah had commanded, “Do not answer him.”here: and they kept silent
- Isaiah 41:1הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּhacharishuverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine plural“Be silent before Me, O islands, and let the peoples renew their strength. Let them come forward and testify; let us together draw near for judgment.here: be silent
- Isaiah 42:14אַחֲרִ֖ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 1st person common singular“I have kept silent from ages past; I have remained quiet and restrained. But now I will groan like a woman in labor; I will at once gasp and pant.here: I have kept silent
Jeremiah4 occurrences
- Jeremiah 4:19אַחֲרִ֑ישׁʾacharishverb · causative (hiphil), ongoing or future action · 1st person common singularMy anguish, my anguish! I writhe in pain! Oh, the pain in my chest! My heart pounds within me; I cannot be silent. For I have heard the sound of the horn, the alarm of battle.here: I will keep silent
- Jeremiah 17:1חֲרוּשָׁה֙charushahverb · simple (qal), passive participle · feminine singular“The sin of Judah is written with an iron stylus, engraved with a diamond point on the tablets of their hearts and on the horns of their altars.here: [is] engraved
- Jeremiah 26:18תֵֽחָרֵשׁ֙techareshverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person feminine singular“Micah the Moreshite prophesied in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah and told all the people of Judah that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘Zion will be plowed like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble, and the temple mount a wooded ridge.’here: it will be plowed
- Jeremiah 38:27וַיַּחֲרִ֣שׁוּvaiyacharishuHc/Vhw3mpWhen all the officials came to Jeremiah and questioned him, he relayed to them the exact words the king had commanded him to say. So they said no more to him, for no one had overheard the conversation.here: and they kept silent
Hosea2 occurrences
- Hosea 10:11יַחֲר֣וֹשׁyacharooshverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singularEphraim is a well-trained heifer that loves to thresh; but I will place a yoke on her fair neck. I will harness Ephraim, Judah will plow, and Jacob will break the hard ground.here: it will plow
- Hosea 10:13חֲרַשְׁתֶּם־charashtem-verb · simple (qal), completed action · 2nd person masculine pluralYou have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice; you have eaten the fruit of lies. Because you have trusted in your own way and in the multitude of your mighty men,here: you have plowed
Amos2 occurrences
- Amos 6:12יַחֲר֖וֹשׁyacharooshverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person masculine singular“Do horses gallop on the cliffs? Does one plow the sea with oxen? But you have turned justice into poison and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood—here: does anyone plow
- Amos 9:13חוֹרֵשׁ֙choreshverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular“Behold, the days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when the plowman will overtake the reaper and the treader of grapes, the sower of seed. The mountains will drip with sweet wine, with which all the hills will flow.here: [the] plowman
Micah2 occurrences
- Micah 3:12תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁtechareshverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person feminine singularTherefore, because of you, Zion will be plowed like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble, and the temple mount a wooded ridge.here: it will be plowed
- Micah 7:16תֶּחֱרַֽשְׁנָה׃techerashnahverb · simple (qal), ongoing or future action · 3rd person feminine pluralNations will see and be ashamed, deprived of all their might. They will put their hands over their mouths, and their ears will become deaf.here: they will be deaf