Hebrew verb · H4843
מָרַר
mararmaw-rar'
to provoke
16 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: mârar
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H4843is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 10 of 39Old Testament books
- 13spellings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · H4843
to be (causatively, make) bitter (literally or figuratively)
The King James renders it: (be, be in, deal, have, make) bitter(-ly, -ness), be moved with choler, (be, have sorely, it) grieved(-eth), provoke, vex.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
marar is rendered "to provoke". It stands 16 times in the Hebrew text, across ten books.
- Three of the uses stand in Isaiah, more than in any other book.
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Genesis 49:23The archers attacked him with bitterness; they aimed at him in hostility.
- The Greek text spells it thirteen different ways.
The first use
The archers attacked him with bitterness; they aimed at him in hostility.
Genesis 49:23וַֽיְמָרֲרֻ֖הוּ
The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.
Where the word stands
The word stands in ten of the 39 Old Testament books.
What the word means
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- it is bitter4
- and it was enraged1
- and they made bitter1
- and they showed bitterness to him1
- and they will show bitterness1
- as shows bitterness1
- he has caused bitterness1
- he has made bitter1
- I will show bitterness1
- it was bitter1
- it will be bitter1
- so he may be enraged1
and 1 more, 16 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
All 16, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
13 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- מַר־3
- הֵמַ֥ר2
- אֲמָרֵ֣ר1
- וְהָמֵ֥ר1
- וַֽיְמָרֲרֻ֖הוּ1
- וַיְמָרְר֨וּ1
- וְיִתְמַרְמַר֙1
- וַיִּתְמַרְמַ֤ר1
- יֵמַ֥ר1
- כְּהָמֵ֥ר1
- מָ֔ר1
- מָֽרָה־1
and 1 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular4HVqp3ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular2HVhp3ms
- conjunction (“and”) + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)1HC/Vhcc
- Hc/Vpw3mp1Hc/Vpw3mp
- Hc/Vpw3mp/Sp3ms1Hc/Vpw3mp/Sp3ms
- HC/Vtu3ms1HC/Vtu3ms
- Hc/Vtw3ms1Hc/Vtw3ms
- preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)1HR/Vhcc
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singular1HVhi2ms
- verb · intensive (piel), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singular1HVpi1cs
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular1HVqi3ms
- verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singular1HVqp3fs
Genesis
one use
The archers attacked him with bitterness; they aimed at him in hostility.
- וַֽיְמָרֲרֻ֖הוּvaymararuhuHc/Vpw3mp/Sp3mstagged: and they showed bitterness to him
Exodus
two uses
and made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar, and with all kinds of work in the fields. Every service they imposed was harsh.
- וַיְמָרְר֨וּvaymareruHc/Vpw3mptagged: and they made bitter
Pay attention to him and listen to his voice; do not defy him, for he will not forgive rebellion, since My Name is in him.
- תַּמֵּ֣רtamerverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you cause bitterness
Ruth
two uses
would you wait for them to grow up? Would you refrain from having husbands? No, my daughters, it grieves me very much for your sakes that the hand of the LORD has gone out against me.”
- מַר־mar-verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is bitter
“Do not call me Naomi,” she replied. “Call me Mara, because the Almighty has dealt quite bitterly with me.
- הֵמַ֥רhemarverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he has caused bitterness
2 Kings
one use
When she reached the man of God at the mountain, she clung to his feet. Gehazi came over to push her away, but the man of God said, “Leave her alone, for her soul is in deep distress, and the LORD has hidden it from me and has not told me.”
- מָֽרָה־marah-verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it is bitter
Job
one use
“As surely as God lives, who has deprived me of justice—the Almighty, who has embittered my soul—
- הֵמַ֥רhemarverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he has made bitter
Isaiah
three uses
Therefore I said, “Turn away from me, let me weep bitterly! Do not try to console me over the destruction of the daughter of my people.”
- אֲמָרֵ֣רʾamarerverb · intensive (piel), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will show bitterness
They no longer sing and drink wine; strong drink is bitter to those who consume it.
- יֵמַ֥רyemarverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will be bitter
Surely for my own welfare I had such great anguish; but Your love has delivered me from the pit of oblivion, for You have cast all my sins behind Your back.
- מַר־mar-verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it was bitter
Jeremiah
one use
“Your ways and deeds have brought this upon you. This is your punishment; how bitter it is, because it pierces to the heart!”
- מָ֔רmarverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is bitter
Lamentations
one use
The roads to Zion mourn, because no one comes to her appointed feasts. All her gates are deserted; her priests groan, her maidens grieve, and she herself is bitter with anguish.
- מַר־mar-verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is bitter
Daniel
two uses
I saw him approach the ram in a rage against him, and he struck the ram and shattered his two horns. The ram was powerless to stand against him, and the goat threw him to the ground and trampled him, and no one could deliver the ram from his power.
- וַיִּתְמַרְמַ֤רvaiyitmarmarHc/Vtw3mstagged: and it was enraged
In a rage, the king of the South will march out to fight the king of the North, who will raise a large army, but it will be delivered into the hand of his enemy.
- וְיִתְמַרְמַר֙veyitmarmarHC/Vtu3mstagged: so he may be enraged
Zechariah
two uses
Then I will pour out on the house of David and on the people of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and prayer, and they will look on Me, the One they have pierced. They will mourn for Him as one mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for Him as one grieves for a firstborn son.
- וְהָמֵ֥רvehamerconjunction (“and”) + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: and they will show bitterness
- כְּהָמֵ֥רkehamerpreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: as shows bitterness
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.