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Hebrew verb · H3665

כָּנַע

kanakaw-nah'

be humble

36 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: kânaʻ

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H3665is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 13 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 31
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H3665

properly, to bend the knee; hence, to humiliate, vanquish

The King James renders it: bring down (low), into subjection, under, humble (self), subdue.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

kana is rendered "be humble". It stands 36 times in the Hebrew text, across thirteen books.

  • Sixteen of the uses stand in 2 Chronicles, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Leviticus 26:41and I acted with hostility toward them and brought them into the land of their enemies—and if their uncircumcised hearts will be humbled and they will make amends for their iniquity,
  • The Greek text spells it thirty-one different ways.

The first use

and I acted with hostility toward them and brought them into the land of their enemies—and if their uncircumcised hearts will be humbled and they will make amends for their iniquity,

Leviticus 26:41יִכָּנַ֗ע

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

Sixteen of the word's thirty-six uses are in 2 Chronicles.

The other 26 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • and they were subdued3
  • and you humbled yourself3
  • he humbled himself3
  • and he humbled himself2
  • and he subdued them2
  • and it was subdued2
  • and they were humbled2
  • he has humbled himself2
  • and he humbled1
  • and he subdued1
  • and I will subdue1
  • and they humbled themselves1

and 13 more, 36 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

כָּנָףkanaphwingUses109
כָּנַסkanasto gatherUses11
כָּנָהkanahto flatterUses4
כָּנַשׁkanashto gatherUses3
כָּנַףkanaphto cornerUses1
כָּנַןkananstockUsesnot recorded

All 36, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

31 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם2
  • וַיִּכָּנַ֣ע2
  • וַיִּכָּֽנְעוּ֙2
  • וַיִּכָּנְע֥וּ2
  • וַתִּכָּנַ֣ע׀2
  • אַכְנִ֑יעַ1
  • הִכְנִ֤יעַ1
  • הַכְנִיעֵ֑הוּ1
  • הִכָּנְע֑וֹ1
  • וּבְהִכָּֽנְע֗וֹ1
  • וְהִכְנַ֖עְתִּי1
  • וַיִּכָּנַ֤ע1

and 19 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • Hc/VNw3mp6Hc/VNw3mp
  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular4HVNp3ms
  • Hc/VNw2ms3Hc/VNw2ms
  • Hc/VNw3ms3Hc/VNw3ms
  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common plural3HVNp3cp
  • Hc/Vhw3ms2Hc/Vhw3ms
  • Hc/Vhw3ms/Sp3mp2Hc/Vhw3ms/Sp3mp
  • conjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular1HC/R/VNcc/Sp3ms
  • Hc/Vhq1cs1Hc/Vhq1cs
  • Hc/Vhw2ms1Hc/Vhw2ms
  • HC/VNu3mp1HC/VNu3mp
  • Hc/VNw3fs1Hc/VNw3fs

Leviticus

one use
  • and I acted with hostility toward them and brought them into the land of their enemies—and if their uncircumcised hearts will be humbled and they will make amends for their iniquity,

    Leviticus 26:41

    • יִכָּנַ֗עyikana'verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will humble itself

Deuteronomy

one use
  • But understand that today the LORD your God goes across ahead of you as a consuming fire; He will destroy them and subdue them before you. And you will drive them out and annihilate them swiftly, as the LORD has promised you.

    Deuteronomy 9:3

    • יַכְנִיעֵ֖םyakhniemverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: he will subdue them

Judges

four uses
  • So Moab was subdued under the hand of Israel that day, and the land had rest for eighty years.

    Judges 3:30

    • וַתִּכָּנַ֤עvatikana'Hc/VNw3fstagged: and it was subdued
  • On that day God subdued Jabin king of Canaan before the Israelites.

    Judges 4:23

    • וַיַּכְנַ֤עvaiyakhna'Hc/Vhw3mstagged: and he subdued
  • In this way Midian was subdued before the Israelites and did not raise its head again. So the land had rest for forty years in the days of Gideon,

    Judges 8:28

    • וַיִּכָּנַ֣עvaiyikana'Hc/VNw3mstagged: and it was subdued
  • With a great blow he devastated twenty cities from Aroer to the vicinity of Minnith, as far as Abel-keramim. So the Ammonites were subdued before the Israelites.

    Judges 11:33

    • וַיִּכָּֽנְעוּ֙vaiyikaneuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they were subdued

1 Samuel

one use
  • So the Philistines were subdued, and they stopped invading the territory of Israel. And the hand of the LORD was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.

    1 Samuel 7:13

    • וַיִּכָּֽנְעוּ֙vaiyikaneuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they were subdued

2 Samuel

one use
  • Some time later, David defeated the Philistines, subdued them, and took Metheg-ammah from the hand of the Philistines.

    2 Samuel 8:1

    • וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑םvaiyakhniemHc/Vhw3ms/Sp3mptagged: and he subdued them

1 Kings

two uses
  • “Have you seen how Ahab has humbled himself before Me? Because he has humbled himself before Me, I will not bring the calamity during his days, but I will bring it upon his house in the days of his son.”

    1 Kings 21:29

    • נִכְנַ֥עnikhna'verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he has humbled himself
    • נִכְנַ֣עnikhna'verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he has humbled himself

2 Kings

one use
  • because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before the LORD when you heard what I spoke against this place and against its people, that they would become a desolation and a curse, and because you have torn your clothes and wept before Me, I have heard you,’ declares the LORD.

    2 Kings 22:19

    • וַתִּכָּנַ֣ע׀vatikana'Hc/VNw2mstagged: and you humbled yourself

1 Chronicles

three uses
  • and have done since the day I appointed judges over My people Israel. And I will subdue all your enemies. Moreover, I declare to you that the LORD will build a house for you.

    1 Chronicles 17:10

    • וְהִכְנַ֖עְתִּיvehikhna'tiHc/Vhq1cstagged: and I will subdue
  • Some time later, David defeated the Philistines, subdued them, and took Gath and its villages from the hand of the Philistines.

    1 Chronicles 18:1

    • וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑םvaiyakhniemHc/Vhw3ms/Sp3mptagged: and he subdued them
  • Some time later, war broke out with the Philistines at Gezer. At that time Sibbecai the Hushathite killed Sippai, a descendant of the Rephaim, and the Philistines were subdued.

    1 Chronicles 20:4

    • וַיִּכָּנֵֽעוּ׃vaiyikaneuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they were subdued

2 Chronicles

sixteen uses
  • and if My people who are called by My name humble themselves and pray and seek My face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven, forgive their sin, and heal their land.

    2 Chronicles 7:14

    • וְיִכָּנְע֨וּveyikaneuHC/VNu3mptagged: so they may humble themselves
  • So the leaders of Israel and the king humbled themselves and said, “The LORD is righteous.”

    2 Chronicles 12:6

    • וַיִּכָּנְע֥וּvaiyikaneuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they humbled themselves
  • When the LORD saw that they had humbled themselves, the word of the LORD came to Shemaiah, saying, “They have humbled themselves; I will not destroy them, but will soon grant them deliverance. My wrath will not be poured out on Jerusalem through Shishak.

    2 Chronicles 12:7

    • נִכְנָ֔עוּnikhnauverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they had humbled themselves
    • נִכְנְע֖וּnikhneuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have humbled themselves
  • Because Rehoboam humbled himself, the anger of the LORD turned away from him, and He did not destroy him completely. Indeed, conditions were good in Judah.

    2 Chronicles 12:12

    • וּבְהִכָּֽנְע֗וֹuvehikaneoconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: and when he humbled himself
  • Thus the Israelites were subdued at that time, and the men of Judah prevailed because they relied on the LORD, the God of their fathers.

    2 Chronicles 13:18

    • וַיִּכָּנְע֥וּvaiyikaneuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they were humbled
  • For the LORD humbled Judah because Ahaz king of Israel had thrown off restraint in Judah and had been most unfaithful to the LORD.

    2 Chronicles 28:19

    • הִכְנִ֤יעַhikhnia'verb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he had humbled
  • Nevertheless, some from Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and came to Jerusalem.

    2 Chronicles 30:11

    • נִֽכְנְע֔וּnikhneuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they humbled themselves
  • Then Hezekiah humbled the pride of his heart—he and the people of Jerusalem—so that the wrath of the LORD did not come upon them during the days of Hezekiah.

    2 Chronicles 32:26

    • וַיִּכָּנַ֤עvaiyikana'Hc/VNw3mstagged: and he humbled himself
  • And in his distress, Manasseh sought the favor of the LORD his God and earnestly humbled himself before the God of his fathers.

    2 Chronicles 33:12

    • וַיִּכָּנַ֣עvaiyikana'Hc/VNw3mstagged: and he humbled himself
  • His prayer and how God received his plea, as well as all his sin and unfaithfulness, and the sites where he built high places and set up Asherah poles and idols before he humbled himself, they are indeed written in the Records of the Seers.

    2 Chronicles 33:19

    • הִכָּנְע֑וֹhikaneoverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he humbled himself
  • but he did not humble himself before the LORD as his father Manasseh had done; instead, Amon increased his guilt.

    2 Chronicles 33:23

    • נִכְנַע֙nikhna'verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he humbled himself
    • כְּהִכָּנַ֖עkehikana'preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: as had humbled himself
  • because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before God when you heard His words against this place and against its people, and because you have humbled yourself before Me and you have torn your clothes and wept before Me, I have heard you,’ declares the LORD.

    2 Chronicles 34:27

    • וַתִּכָּנַ֣ע׀vatikana'Hc/VNw2mstagged: and you humbled yourself
    • וַתִּכָּנַ֣עvatikana'Hc/VNw2mstagged: and you humbled yourself
  • And he did evil in the sight of the LORD his God and did not humble himself before Jeremiah the prophet, who spoke for the LORD.

    2 Chronicles 36:12

    • נִכְנַ֗עnikhna'verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he humbled himself

Nehemiah

one use
  • So their descendants went in and possessed the land; You subdued before them the Canaanites dwelling in the land. You delivered into their hands the kings and peoples of the land, to do with them as they wished.

    Nehemiah 9:24

    • וַתַּכְנַ֨עvatakhna'Hc/Vhw2mstagged: and you subdued

Job

one use
  • Look on every proud man and humble him; trample the wicked where they stand.

    Job 40:12

    • הַכְנִיעֵ֑הוּhakhniehuverb · causative (hiphil), command · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: humble him

Psalms

three uses
  • how soon I would subdue their enemies and turn My hand against their foes!

    Psalms 81:14

    • אַכְנִ֑יעַʾakhnia'verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will subdue
  • Their enemies oppressed them, and subdued them under their hand.

    Psalms 106:42

    • וַ֝יִּכָּנְע֗וּvaiyikaneuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they were humbled
  • He humbled their hearts with hard labor; they stumbled, and there was no one to help.

    Psalms 107:12

    • וַיַּכְנַ֣עvaiyakhna'Hc/Vhw3mstagged: and he humbled

Isaiah

one use
  • like heat in a dry land. You subdue the uproar of foreigners. As the shade of a cloud cools the heat, so the song of the ruthless is silenced.

    Isaiah 25:5

    • תַּכְנִ֑יעַtakhnia'verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you will subdue

The letters

Where it leads

Studies that open this word1

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →