Word Study · Strong's H2859 · Hebrew
חָתַן
chathan
khaw-than'
Strong's 1890 spelling: châthan
“to give (a daughter) away in marriage”
Strong's Dictionary · 1890 · public domain
to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage
Rendered in the KJV as
join in affinity, father in law, make marriages, mother in law, son in law.
- 33occurrencesin the Old Testament
- 10 of 39Old Testament bookswhere the word stands
- 23inflected formsdistinct spellings
Across 33 occurrences
The word itself
Inflected forms · 23
- חֹתֵ֣ן5
- חֹתֵ֥ן4
- חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ2
- חֹתְנ֑וֹ2
- לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן2
- הִתְחַתֵּ֥ן1
- הִתְחַתֵּ֣ן1
- וְהִֽתְחַתְּנ֖וּ1
- וְהִֽתְחַתַּנְתֶּ֥ם1
- וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֣ן1
- וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֖ן1
- וּ֨לְהִתְחַתֵּ֔ן1
and 11 more spellings in the ledger below.
How it is rendered · 14
- [the] father-in-law of10
- father-in-law his8
- and he became son-in-law2
- to be son-in-law2
- to father-in-law his2
- [is] to be son-in-law1
- and intermarry with1
- and to intermarry1
- and you will intermarry1
- be son-in-law1
- father-in-law your1
- mother-in-law his1
The sense the word carries at each spot — how the translators read it there, not a fixed translation.
How it parses · 13
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)10
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular8
- Hc/Vtw3ms2
- preposition + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular2
- preposition + verb · reflexive (hithpael), infinitive (“to…”)2
- verb · reflexive (hithpael), ongoing or future action · 2nd person masculine singular2
- conjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · reflexive (hithpael), infinitive (“to…”)1
- Hc/Vtq2mp1
- conjunction (“and”) + verb · reflexive (hithpael), command · 2nd person masculine plural1
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular1
- verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singular1
- verb · reflexive (hithpael), infinitive (“to…”)1
Show the grammar codes as tagged
- HVqrmsc · 10
- HVqrmsc/Sp3ms · 8
- Hc/Vtw3ms · 2
- HR/Vqrmsc/Sp3ms · 2
- HR/Vtcc · 2
- HVti2ms · 2
- HC/R/Vtcc · 1
- Hc/Vtq2mp · 1
- HC/Vtv2mp · 1
- HVqrfsc/Sp3ms · 1
- HVqrmsc/Sp2ms · 1
- HVtcc · 1
All 33, in canonical order
The ledger of occurrences
Where this word lives
- Exodus15 of 33 · 45%
- Judges5 of 33 · 15%
- 1 Samuel5 of 33 · 15%
- Deuteronomy2 of 33 · 6%
- Genesis1 of 33 · 3%
Exodus carries the most and opens below; every other book is one click.
Exodus15 occurrences
- Exodus 3:1חֹתְנ֖וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularMeanwhile, Moses was shepherding the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian. He led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God.here: father-in-law his
- Exodus 4:18חֹֽתְנ֗וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularThen Moses went back to his father-in-law Jethro and said to him, “Please let me return to my brothers in Egypt to see if they are still alive.” “Go in peace,” Jethro replied.here: father-in-law his
- Exodus 18:1חֹתֵ֣ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Now Moses’ father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian, heard about all that God had done for Moses and His people Israel, and how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:2חֹתֵ֣ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)After Moses had sent back his wife Zipporah, his father-in-law Jethro had received her,here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:5חֹתֵ֥ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Moses’ father-in-law Jethro, along with Moses’ wife and sons, came to him in the desert, where he was encamped at the mountain of God.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:6חֹתֶנְךָ֥chotenkhaverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singularHe sent word to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”here: father-in-law your
- Exodus 18:7חֹֽתְנ֗וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularSo Moses went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down and kissed him. They greeted each other and went into the tent.here: father-in-law his
- Exodus 18:8לְחֹ֣תְנ֔וֹlechotenopreposition + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularThen Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, all the hardships they had encountered along the way, and how the LORD had delivered them.here: to father-in-law his
- Exodus 18:12חֹתֵ֥ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Then Moses’ father-in-law Jethro brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence of God.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:12חֹתֵ֥ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Then Moses’ father-in-law Jethro brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence of God.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:14חֹתֵ֣ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he asked, “What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone as judge, with all the people standing around you from morning till evening?”here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:15לְחֹתְנ֑וֹlechotenopreposition + verb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular“Because the people come to me to inquire of God,” Moses replied.here: to father-in-law his
- Exodus 18:17חֹתֵ֥ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)But Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “What you are doing is not good.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Exodus 18:24חֹתְנ֑וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularMoses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.here: father-in-law his
- Exodus 18:27חֹתְנ֑וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularThen Moses sent his father-in-law on his way, and Jethro returned to his own land.here: father-in-law his
Deuteronomy2 occurrences
- Deuteronomy 7:3תִתְחַתֵּ֖ןtitchatenverb · reflexive (hithpael), ongoing or future action · 2nd person masculine singularDo not intermarry with them. Do not give your daughters to their sons or take their daughters for your sons,here: you will intermarry
- Deuteronomy 27:23חֹֽתַנְתּ֑וֹchotantoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · feminine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular‘Cursed is he who sleeps with his mother-in-law.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’here: mother-in-law his
Judges5 occurrences
- Judges 1:16חֹתֵ֨ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Now the descendants of Moses’ father-in-law, the Kenite, went up with the men of Judah from the City of Palms to the Wilderness of Judah in the Negev near Arad. They went to live among the people.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Judges 4:11חֹתֵ֣ןchotenverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)Now Heber the Kenite had moved away from the Kenites, the descendants of Hobab the father-in-law of Moses, and had pitched his tent by the great tree of Zaanannim, which was near Kedesh.here: [the] father-in-law of
- Judges 19:4חֹֽתְנוֹ֙chotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularHis father-in-law, the girl’s father, persuaded him to stay, so he remained with him three days, eating, drinking, and lodging there.here: father-in-law his
- Judges 19:7חֹתְנ֔וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularThe man got up to depart, but his father-in-law persuaded him, so he stayed there that night.here: father-in-law his
- Judges 19:9חֹתְנ֣וֹchotenoverb · simple (qal), participle (“the one who…”) · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singularWhen the man got up to depart with his concubine and his servant, his father-in-law, the girl’s father, said to him, “Look, the day is drawing to a close. Please spend the night. See, the day is almost over. Spend the night here, that your heart may be merry. Then you can get up early tomorrow for your journey home.”here: father-in-law his
1 Samuel5 occurrences
- 1 Samuel 18:21תִּתְחַתֵּ֥ןtitchatenverb · reflexive (hithpael), ongoing or future action · 2nd person masculine singular“I will give her to David,” Saul thought, “so that she may be a snare to him, and the hand of the Philistines may be against him.” So Saul said to David, “For a second time now you can be my son-in-law.”here: you will be a son-in-law
- 1 Samuel 18:22הִתְחַתֵּ֥ןhitchatenverb · reflexive (hithpael), command · 2nd person masculine singularThen Saul ordered his servants, “Speak to David privately and tell him, ‘Behold, the king is pleased with you, and all his servants love you. Now therefore, become his son-in-law.’”here: be son-in-law
- 1 Samuel 18:23הִתְחַתֵּ֣ןhitchatenverb · reflexive (hithpael), infinitive (“to…”)But when Saul’s servants relayed these words to David, he replied, “Does it seem trivial in your sight to be the son-in-law of the king? I am a poor man and lightly esteemed.”here: [is] to be son-in-law
- 1 Samuel 18:26לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ןlehitchatenpreposition + verb · reflexive (hithpael), infinitive (“to…”)When the servants reported these terms to David, he was pleased to become the king’s son-in-law. Before the wedding day arrived,here: to be son-in-law
- 1 Samuel 18:27לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ןlehitchatenpreposition + verb · reflexive (hithpael), infinitive (“to…”)David and his men went out and killed two hundred Philistines. He brought their foreskins and presented them as payment in full to become the king’s son-in-law. Then Saul gave his daughter Michal to David in marriage.here: to be son-in-law
