Word Study · Strong's G4434 · Greek
πτωχός
ptochos
pto-khos'
Strong's 1890 spelling: ptōchós
“akin to and the alternate of )”
Strong's Dictionary · 1890 · public domain
akin to and the alternate of ); a beggar (as cringing), i.e. pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used in a qualified or relative sense; whereas properly means only straitened circumstances in private), literally (often as noun) or figuratively (distressed)
Rendered in the KJV as
beggar(-ly), poor.
- 34occurrencesin the New Testament
- 9 of 27New Testament bookswhere the word stands
- 16inflected formsdistinct spellings
Across 34 occurrences
The word itself
Inflected forms · 16
- πτωχοὺς7
- πτωχοὶ4
- πτωχὴ3
- πτωχοῖς3
- πτωχὸς3
- πτωχοῖς,2
- πτωχοῖς·2
- πτωχῶν2
- πτωχὰ1
- πτωχοί,1
- πτωχοῖς;1
- πτωχοῖς.1
and 4 more spellings in the ledger below.
How it is rendered · 12
- poor21
- poor;2
- to [the] poor,2
- [the] poor,1
- a poor [man]1
- A poor man1
- destitute1
- poor man1
- poor,1
- poor.1
- to [the] poor?1
- to [the] poor.1
The sense the word carries at each spot — how the translators read it there, not a fixed translation.
How it parses · 9
- noun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine plural9
- noun · accusative (object) · masculine plural8
- noun · nominative (subject) · masculine plural5
- noun · nominative (subject) · feminine singular3
- noun · nominative (subject) · masculine singular3
- noun · accusative (object) · masculine singular2
- noun · genitive (“of”) · masculine plural2
- noun · accusative (object) · neuter plural1
- noun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine singular1
Show the grammar codes as tagged
- N-DPM · 9
- N-APM · 8
- N-NPM · 5
- N-NSF · 3
- N-NSM · 3
- N-ASM · 2
- N-GPM · 2
- N-APN · 1
- N-DSM · 1
All 34, in canonical order
The ledger of occurrences
Where this word lives
Luke carries the most and opens below; every other book is one click.
Matthew5 occurrences
- Matthew 5:3πτωχοὶptōchoinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine plural“Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.here: poor
- Matthew 11:5πτωχοὶptōchoinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluralThe blind receive sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the good news is preached to the poor.here: poor
- Matthew 19:21πτωχοῖς·ptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralJesus told him, “If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow Me.”here: poor;
- Matthew 26:9πτωχοῖς.ptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralThis perfume could have been sold at a high price, and the money given to the poor.”here: to [the] poor.
- Matthew 26:11πτωχοὺςptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralThe poor you will always have with you, but you will not always have Me.here: poor
Mark5 occurrences
- Mark 10:21πτωχοῖςptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralJesus looked at him, loved him, and said to him, “There is one thing you lack: Go, sell everything you own and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow Me.”here: poor
- Mark 12:42πτωχὴptōchēnoun · nominative (subject) · feminine singularThen one poor widow came and put in two small copper coins, which amounted to a small fraction of a denarius.here: poor
- Mark 12:43πτωχὴptōchēnoun · nominative (subject) · feminine singularJesus called His disciples to Him and said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more than all the others into the treasury.here: poor
- Mark 14:5πτωχοῖς·ptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralIt could have been sold for over three hundred denarii and the money given to the poor.” And they scolded her.here: poor;
- Mark 14:7πτωχοὺςptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralThe poor you will always have with you, and you can help them whenever you want. But you will not always have Me.here: poor
Luke10 occurrences
- Luke 4:18πτωχοῖς,ptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine plural“The Spirit of the Lord is on Me, because He has anointed Me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent Me to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to release the oppressed,here: to [the] poor,
- Luke 6:20πτωχοί,ptōchoinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluralLooking up at His disciples, Jesus said: “Blessed are you who are poor, for yours is the kingdom of God.here: poor,
- Luke 7:22πτωχοὶptōchoinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluralSo He replied, “Go back and report to John what you have seen and heard: The blind receive sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the good news is preached to the poor.here: poor
- Luke 14:13πτωχούς,ptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralBut when you host a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind,here: [the] poor,
- Luke 14:21πτωχοὺςptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralThe servant returned and reported all this to his master. Then the owner of the house became angry and said to his servant, ‘Go out quickly into the streets and alleys of the city, and bring in the poor, the crippled, the blind, and the lame.’here: poor
- Luke 16:20πτωχὸςptōchosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singularAnd a beggar named Lazarus lay at his gate, covered with soreshere: A poor man
- Luke 16:22πτωχὸνptōchonnoun · accusative (object) · masculine singularOne day the beggar died and was carried by the angels to Abraham’s side. And the rich man also died and was buried.here: poor man
- Luke 18:22πτωχοῖς,ptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralOn hearing this, Jesus told him, “You still lack one thing: Sell everything you own and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow Me.”here: to [the] poor,
- Luke 19:8πτωχοῖςptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralBut Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, “Look, Lord, half of my possessions I give to the poor, and if I have cheated anyone, I will repay it fourfold.”here: poor
- Luke 21:3πτωχὴptōchēnoun · nominative (subject) · feminine singular“Truly I tell you,” He said, “this poor widow has put in more than all the others.here: poor
John4 occurrences
- John 12:5πτωχοῖς;ptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine plural“Why wasn’t this perfume sold for three hundred denarii and the money given to the poor?”here: to [the] poor?
- John 12:6πτωχῶνptōchōnnoun · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluralJudas did not say this because he cared about the poor, but because he was a thief. As keeper of the money bag, he used to take from what was put into it.here: poor
- John 12:8πτωχοὺςptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralThe poor you will always have with you, but you will not always have Me.”here: poor
- John 13:29πτωχοῖςptōchoisnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluralSince Judas kept the money bag, some thought that Jesus was telling him to buy what was needed for the feast, or to give something to the poor.here: poor
2 Corinthians1 occurrence
Galatians2 occurrences
- Galatians 2:10πτωχῶνptōchōnnoun · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluralThey only asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I was eager to do.here: poor
- Galatians 4:9πτωχὰptōchanoun · accusative (object) · neuter pluralBut now that you know God, or rather are known by God, how is it that you are turning back to those weak and worthless principles? Do you wish to be enslaved by them all over again?here: destitute
James4 occurrences
- James 2:2πτωχὸςptōchosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singularSuppose a man comes into your meeting wearing a gold ring and fine clothes, and a poor man in shabby clothes also comes in.here: a poor [man]
- James 2:3πτωχῷptōchōnoun · dative (“to / for”) · masculine singularIf you lavish attention on the man in fine clothes and say, “Here is a seat of honor,” but say to the poor man, “You must stand” or “Sit at my feet,”here: poor
- James 2:5πτωχοὺςptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralListen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him?here: poor
- James 2:6πτωχόν.ptōchonnoun · accusative (object) · masculine singularBut you have dishonored the poor. Is it not the rich who oppress you and drag you into court?here: poor.
Revelation2 occurrences
- Revelation 3:17πτωχὸςptōchosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singularYou say, ‘I am rich; I have grown wealthy and need nothing.’ But you do not realize that you are wretched, pitiful, poor, blind, and naked.here: poor
- Revelation 13:16πτωχοὺςptōchousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluralAnd the second beast required all people small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hand or on their forehead,here: poor