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Hebrew verb · H3782

כָּשַׁל

kashalkaw-shal'

to stumble

62 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: kâshal

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H3782is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 16 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 55
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H3782

to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall

The King James renders it: bereave (from the margin), cast down, be decayed, (cause to) fail, (cause, make to) fall (down, -ing), feeble, be (the) ruin(-ed, of), (be) overthrown, (cause to) stumble, [idiom] utterly, be weak.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

kashal is rendered "to stumble". It stands 62 times in the Hebrew text, across sixteen books.

  • Eleven of the uses stand in Isaiah, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Leviticus 26:37They will stumble over one another as before the sword, though no one is behind them. So you will not be able to stand against your enemies.
  • The Greek text spells it fifty-five different ways.

The first use

They will stumble over one another as before the sword, though no one is behind them. So you will not be able to stand against your enemies.

Leviticus 26:37וְכָשְׁל֧וּ

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

The word stands in sixteen of the 39 Old Testament books.

The other 23 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • they will stumble10
  • and they will stumble6
  • they stumble4
  • and he will stumble3
  • they stumbled3
  • it has failed2
  • it has stumbled2
  • stumbled2
  • stumbles2
  • stumbling2
  • they have staggered2
  • and it will stumble1

and 23 more, 62 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

כָּשַׁףkashaphto practice sorceryUses6
כָּשֵׁרkasherto succeedUses3
כָּשָׂהkasahbe satedUses1

The words it stands beside

All 62, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

55 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • יִכָּשְׁל֖וּ5
  • וְכָשַׁ֤ל2
  • יִכָּשְׁל֥וּ2
  • יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃2
  • הִכְשִׁ֣יל1
  • הִכְשַׁלְתֶּ֥ם1
  • הַנִּכְשָׁ֥ל1
  • וּבְהִכָּ֣שְׁלָ֔ם1
  • וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹ1
  • וַיַּכְשִׁיל֣וּהוּ1
  • וַיַּכְשִׁל֤וּם1
  • וְכָשַׁ֧ל1

and 43 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural14HVNi3mp
  • verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common plural6HVqp3cp
  • Hc/Vqq3cp5Hc/Vqq3cp
  • verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singular5HVqrmsa
  • Hc/Vqq3ms3Hc/Vqq3ms
  • verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular3HVqp3ms
  • Hc/VNq3cp2Hc/VNq3cp
  • verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singular2HVqp3fs
  • conjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)1HC/R/Vhcc
  • conjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine plural1HC/R/VNcc/Sp3mp
  • conjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular1HC/R/VNcc/Sp3ms
  • Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp1Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp

Leviticus

one use
  • They will stumble over one another as before the sword, though no one is behind them. So you will not be able to stand against your enemies.

    Leviticus 26:37

    • וְכָשְׁל֧וּvekhasheluHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will stumble

1 Samuel

one use
  • The bows of the mighty are broken, but the feeble are equipped with strength.

    1 Samuel 2:4

    • וְנִכְשָׁלִ֖יםvenikhshalimconjunction (“and”) + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: and stumble

2 Chronicles

four uses
  • Even if you go and fight bravely in battle, God will make you stumble before the enemy, for God has power to help and power to overthrow.”

    2 Chronicles 25:8

    • יַכְשִֽׁילְךָ֤yakhshilekhaverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: he will overthrow you
    • וּלְהַכְשִֽׁיל׃ulehakhshilconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: and to overthrow
  • Then the men who were designated by name arose, took charge of the captives, and provided from the plunder clothing for the naked. They clothed them, gave them sandals and food and drink, anointed their wounds, and put all the feeble on donkeys. So they brought them to Jericho, the City of Palms, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria.

    2 Chronicles 28:15

    • כּוֹשֵׁ֔לkoshelverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: stumbled
  • Since Damascus had defeated him, he sacrificed to their gods and said, “Because the gods of the kings of Aram have helped them, I will sacrifice to them that they may help me.” But these gods were the downfall of Ahaz and of all Israel.

    2 Chronicles 28:23

    • לְהַכְשִׁיל֖וֹlehakhshilopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: into causing overthrow his

Nehemiah

one use
  • Meanwhile, the people of Judah said: “The strength of the laborer fails, and there is so much rubble that we will never be able to rebuild the wall.”

    Nehemiah 4:10

    • כָּשַׁל֙kashalverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it has failed

Job

one use
  • Your words have steadied those who stumbled; you have braced the knees that were buckling.

    Job 4:4

    • כּ֭וֹשֵׁלkooshelverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: stumbling

Psalms

seven uses
  • When my enemies retreat, they stumble and perish before You.

    Psalms 9:3

    • יִכָּשְׁל֥וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they stumble
  • When the wicked came upon me to devour my flesh, my enemies and foes stumbled and fell.

    Psalms 27:2

    • כָשְׁל֣וּkhasheluverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they stumbled
  • For my life is consumed with grief and my years with groaning; my iniquity has drained my strength, and my bones are wasting away.

    Psalms 31:10

    • כָּשַׁ֣לkashalverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it has failed
  • They will be made to stumble, their own tongues turned against them. All who see will shake their heads.

    Psalms 64:8

    • וַיַּכְשִׁיל֣וּהוּvaiyakhshiluhuHc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mstagged: and they caused to stumble him
  • He brought Israel out with silver and gold, and none among His tribes stumbled.

    Psalms 105:37

    • כּוֹשֵֽׁל׃koshelverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: stumbled
  • He humbled their hearts with hard labor; they stumbled, and there was no one to help.

    Psalms 107:12

    • כָּ֝שְׁל֗וּkasheluverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they stumbled
  • My knees are weak from fasting, and my body grows lean and gaunt.

    Psalms 109:24

    • כָּשְׁל֣וּkasheluverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have staggered

Proverbs

five uses
  • When you walk, your steps will not be impeded; when you run, you will not stumble.

    Proverbs 4:12

    • תִכָּשֵֽׁל׃tikashelverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you will stumble
  • For they cannot sleep unless they do evil; they are deprived of slumber until they make someone fall.

    Proverbs 4:16

    • יַכְשִֽׁילוּ׃yikhsholuverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they bring injury
  • But the way of the wicked is like the darkest gloom; they do not know what makes them stumble.

    Proverbs 4:19

    • יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃ פyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: are they stumbling
  • For though a righteous man may fall seven times, he still gets up; but the wicked stumble in bad times.

    Proverbs 24:16

    • יִכָּשְׁל֥וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • Do not gloat when your enemy falls, and do not let your heart rejoice when he stumbles,

    Proverbs 24:17

    • וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹuvikasheloconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: and when stumbles he

Isaiah

eleven uses
  • For Jerusalem has stumbled and Judah has fallen because they spoke and acted against the LORD, defying His glorious presence.

    Isaiah 3:8

    • כָשְׁלָה֙khashelahverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it has stumbled
  • None of them grows weary or stumbles; no one slumbers or sleeps. No belt is loose and no sandal strap is broken.

    Isaiah 5:27

    • כּוֹשֵׁל֙koshelverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: stumbles
  • Many will stumble over these; they will fall and be broken; they will be ensnared and captured.”

    Isaiah 8:15

    • וְכָ֥שְׁלוּvekhasheluHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will stumble
  • Then the word of the LORD to them will become: “Order on order, order on order, line on line, line on line; a little here, a little there,” so that they will go stumbling backward and will be injured, ensnared, and captured.

    Isaiah 28:13

    • וְכָשְׁל֤וּvekhasheluHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will stumble
  • But the Egyptians are men, not God; their horses are flesh, not spirit. When the LORD stretches out His hand, the helper will stumble, and the one he helps will fall; both will perish together.

    Isaiah 31:3

    • וְכָשַׁ֤לvekhashalHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will stumble
  • Strengthen the limp hands and steady the feeble knees!

    Isaiah 35:3

    • כֹּשְׁל֖וֹתkoshelotverb · simple (qal), participle · feminine pluraltagged: stumbling
  • Even youths grow tired and weary, and young men stumble and fall.

    Isaiah 40:30

    • כָּשׁ֥וֹלkasholverb · simple (qal), infinitive absolutetagged: certainly to stumble
    • יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃yikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they stumble
  • Like the blind, we feel our way along the wall, groping like those without eyes. We stumble at midday as in the twilight; among the vigorous we are like the dead.

    Isaiah 59:10

    • כָּשַׁ֤לְנוּkashalnuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 1st person common pluraltagged: we have stumbled
  • So justice is turned away, and righteousness stands at a distance. For truth has stumbled in the public square, and honesty cannot enter.

    Isaiah 59:14

    • כָשְׁלָ֤הkhashelahverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it has stumbled
  • who led them through the depths like a horse in the wilderness, so that they did not stumble?

    Isaiah 63:13

    • יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃yikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they stumbled

Jeremiah

eleven uses
  • Are they ashamed of the abomination they have committed? No, they have no shame at all; they do not even know how to blush. So they will fall among the fallen; when I punish them, they will collapse,” says the LORD.

    Jeremiah 6:15

    • יִכָּשְׁל֖וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • Therefore this is what the LORD says: “I will lay stumbling blocks before this people; fathers and sons alike will be staggered; friends and neighbors will perish.”

    Jeremiah 6:21

    • וְכָ֣שְׁלוּvekhasheluHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will stumble
  • Are they ashamed of the abomination they have committed? No, they have no shame at all; they do not even know how to blush. So they will fall among the fallen; when I punish them, they will collapse, says the LORD.

    Jeremiah 8:12

    • יִכָּשְׁל֖וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • Yet My people have forgotten Me. They burn incense to worthless idols that make them stumble in their ways, leaving the ancient roads to walk on rutted bypaths instead of on the highway.

    Jeremiah 18:15

    • וַיַּכְשִׁל֤וּםvaiyakhshilumHc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mptagged: and they have caused to stumble them
  • But You, O LORD, know all their deadly plots against me. Do not wipe out their guilt or blot out their sin from Your sight. Let them be overthrown before You; deal with them in the time of Your anger.

    Jeremiah 18:23

    • מֻכְשָׁלִים֙mukhshalimverb · causative passive (hophal), passive participle · masculine pluraltagged: overthrown
  • But the LORD is with me like a fearsome warrior. Therefore, my persecutors will stumble and will not prevail. Since they have not succeeded, they will be utterly put to shame, with an everlasting disgrace that will never be forgotten.

    Jeremiah 20:11

    • יִכָּשְׁל֖וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • They will come with weeping, and by their supplication I will lead them; I will make them walk beside streams of waters, on a level path where they will not stumble. For I am Israel’s Father, and Ephraim is My firstborn.”

    Jeremiah 31:9

    • יִכָּשְׁל֖וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • “The swift cannot flee, and the warrior cannot escape! In the north by the River Euphrates they stumble and fall.

    Jeremiah 46:6

    • כָּשְׁל֖וּkasheluverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • The nations have heard of your shame, and your outcry fills the earth, because warrior stumbles over warrior and both of them have fallen together.”

    Jeremiah 46:12

    • כָּשָׁ֔לוּkashaluverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • They continue to stumble; indeed, they have fallen over one another. They say, ‘Get up! Let us return to our people and to the land of our birth, away from the sword of the oppressor.’

    Jeremiah 46:16

    • כּוֹשֵׁ֑לkoshelverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine singulartagged: stumbles
  • The arrogant one will stumble and fall with no one to pick him up. And I will kindle a fire in his cities to consume all those around him.”

    Jeremiah 50:32

    • וְכָשַׁ֤לvekhashalHc/Vqq3mstagged: and it will stumble

Lamentations

two uses
  • My transgressions are bound into a yoke, knit together by His hand; they are draped over my neck, and the Lord has broken my strength. He has delivered me into the hands of those I cannot withstand.

    Lamentations 1:14

    • הִכְשִׁ֣ילhikhshilverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he has made feeble
  • Young men toil at millstones; boys stagger under loads of wood.

    Lamentations 5:13

    • כָּשָֽׁלוּ׃kashaluverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have staggered

Ezekiel

two uses
  • Therefore, son of man, say to your people: ‘The righteousness of the righteous man will not deliver him in the day of his transgression; neither will the wickedness of the wicked man cause him to stumble on the day he turns from his wickedness. Nor will the righteous man be able to survive by his righteousness on the day he sins.’

    Ezekiel 33:12

    • יִכָּ֣שֶׁלyikashelverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will stumble
  • I will no longer allow the taunts of the nations to be heard against you, and you will no longer endure the reproach of the peoples or cause your nation to stumble, declares the Lord GOD.”

    Ezekiel 36:15

    • תַכְשִׁ֣לִיtakhshiliverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person feminine singulartagged: you will cause to stumble

Daniel

six uses
  • In those times many will rise up against the king of the South. Violent ones among your own people will exalt themselves in fulfillment of the vision, but they will fail.

    Daniel 11:14

    • וְנִכְשָֽׁלוּ׃venikhshaluHc/VNq3cptagged: and they will stumble
  • After this, he will turn back toward the fortresses of his own land, but he will stumble and fall and be no more.

    Daniel 11:19

    • וְנִכְשַׁ֥לvenikhshalHc/VNq3mstagged: and he will stumble
  • Those with insight will instruct many, though for a time they will fall by sword or flame, or be captured or plundered.

    Daniel 11:33

    • וְנִכְשְׁל֞וּvenikhsheluHc/VNq3cptagged: and they will stumble
  • Now when they fall, they will be granted a little help, but many will join them insincerely.

    Daniel 11:34

    • וּבְהִכָּ֣שְׁלָ֔םuvhikashelamconjunction (“and”) + preposition + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: and when stumble they
  • Some of the wise will fall, so that they may be refined, purified, and made spotless until the time of the end, for it will still come at the appointed time.

    Daniel 11:35

    • יִכָּֽשְׁל֗וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
  • He will also invade the Beautiful Land, and many countries will fall. But these will be delivered from his hand: Edom, Moab, and the leaders of the Ammonites.

    Daniel 11:41

    • יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble

Hosea

six uses
  • You will stumble by day, and the prophet will stumble with you by night; so I will destroy your mother—

    Hosea 4:5

    • וְכָשַׁלְתָּ֣vekhashaltaHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will stumble
    • וְכָשַׁ֧לvekhashalHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will stumble
  • Israel’s arrogance testifies against them; Israel and Ephraim stumble in their iniquity; even Judah stumbles with them.

    Hosea 5:5

    • יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ֙yikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will stumble
    • כָּשַׁ֥לkashalverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will stumble
  • Return, O Israel, to the LORD your God, for you have stumbled by your iniquity.

    Hosea 14:1

    • כָשַׁ֖לְתָּkhashaltaverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you have stumbled
  • Whoever is wise, let him understand these things; whoever is discerning, let him know them. For the ways of the LORD are right, and the righteous walk in them but the rebellious stumble in them.

    Hosea 14:9

    • יִכָּ֥שְׁלוּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they stumble

Nahum

two uses
  • He summons his nobles; they stumble as they advance. They race to its wall; the protective shield is set in place.

    Nahum 2:5

    • יִכָּשְׁל֖וּyikasheluverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they stumble
  • Charging horseman, flashing sword, shining spear; heaps of slain, mounds of corpses, dead bodies without end—they stumble over their dead—

    Nahum 3:3

    • וְכָשְׁל֖וּveyikhsheluHc/Vqq3cptagged: and people will stumble

Zechariah

one use
  • On that day the LORD will defend the people of Jerusalem, so that the weakest among them will be like David, and the house of David will be like God, like the angel of the LORD going before them.

    Zechariah 12:8

    • הַנִּכְשָׁ֥לhanikhshalthe definite article (“the”) + verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), participle · masculine singulartagged: the stumbles

Malachi

one use
  • But you have departed from the way, and your instruction has caused many to stumble. You have violated the covenant of Levi,” says the LORD of Hosts.

    Malachi 2:8

    • הִכְשַׁלְתֶּ֥םhikhshaltemverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you have caused to stumble

The letters

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →