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Hebrew verb · H3707

כַּעַס

kaaskaw-as'

to provoke

54 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: kaʻaç

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H3707is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 13 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 45
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H3707

to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant

The King James renders it: be angry, be grieved, take indignation, provoke (to anger, unto wrath), have sorrow, vex, be wroth.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

kaas is rendered "to provoke". It stands 54 times in the Hebrew text, across thirteen books.

  • Eleven of the uses stand in Jeremiah, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Deuteronomy 4:25After you have children and grandchildren and you have been in the land a long time, if you then act corruptly and make an idol of any form—doing evil in the sight of the LORD your God and provoking Him to anger—
  • The Greek text spells it forty-five different ways.

The first use

After you have children and grandchildren and you have been in the land a long time, if you then act corruptly and make an idol of any form—doing evil in the sight of the LORD your God and provoking Him to anger—

Deuteronomy 4:25לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

The word stands in thirteen of the 39 Old Testament books.

The other 26 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • to provoke to anger me12
  • to provoke to anger him6
  • to provoke to anger5
  • provoking to anger3
  • and he was angry2
  • and they provoked to anger2
  • and he is vexed1
  • and he provoked1
  • and he provoked to anger1
  • and he will be angry1
  • and I will disturb1
  • and she provoked her1

and 18 more, 54 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

כַּעַסkaasvexationUses25

Other numbers on this spelling

Strong gave these words the same spelling and different numbers, so the site counts and defines them apart.

The words it stands beside

All 54, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

45 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃4
  • הַכְעִיסֵ֔נִי2
  • הַכְעִסֵֽנִי׃2
  • לְהַכְעִ֗יס2
  • לְהַכְעִיסֵ֔נִי2
  • לְהַכְעִסֵ֔נִי2
  • מַכְעִסִ֖ים2
  • אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃1
  • אֶכְעַ֖ס1
  • הִכְעִ֔יס1
  • הִכְעִ֥יס1
  • הִכְעִיס֖וֹ1

and 33 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singular8HR/Vhcc/Sp1bs
  • preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)6HR/Vhcc
  • preposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular6HR/Vhcc/Sp3ms
  • verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singular5HVhcc/Sp1bs
  • verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine plural4HVhrmpa
  • Hc/Vhw3mp2Hc/Vhw3mp
  • Hc/Vhw3ms2Hc/Vhw3ms
  • Hc/Vqq3ms2Hc/Vqq3ms
  • Hc/Vqw3ms2Hc/Vqw3ms
  • verb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular2HVhp3ms
  • Hc/Vhq1cs1Hc/Vhq1cs
  • Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3ms1Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3ms

Deuteronomy

six uses
  • After you have children and grandchildren and you have been in the land a long time, if you then act corruptly and make an idol of any form—doing evil in the sight of the LORD your God and provoking Him to anger—

    Deuteronomy 4:25

    • לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃lehakhisopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to provoke to anger him
  • Then I fell down before the LORD for forty days and forty nights, as I had done the first time. I did not eat bread or drink water because of all the sin you had committed in doing what was evil in the sight of the LORD and provoking Him to anger.

    Deuteronomy 9:18

    • לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃lehakhisopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to provoke to anger him
  • For I know that after my death you will become utterly corrupt and turn from the path I have commanded you. And in the days to come, disaster will befall you because you will do evil in the sight of the LORD to provoke Him to anger by the work of your hands.”

    Deuteronomy 31:29

    • לְהַכְעִיס֖וֹlehakhisopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to provoke to anger him
  • They provoked His jealousy with foreign gods; they enraged Him with abominations.

    Deuteronomy 32:16

    • יַכְעִיסֻֽהוּ׃yakhisuhuverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: they provoked to anger him
  • They have provoked My jealousy by that which is not God; they have enraged Me with their worthless idols. So I will make them jealous by those who are not a people; I will make them angry by a nation without understanding.

    Deuteronomy 32:21

    • כִּעֲס֖וּנִיkiasuniverb · intensive (piel), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common plural + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: they have provoked to anger me
    • אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃ʾakhisemverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: I will provoke to anger them

Judges

one use
  • Thus they forsook the LORD, the God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt, and they followed after various gods of the peoples around them. They bowed down to them and provoked the LORD to anger,

    Judges 2:12

    • וַיַּכְעִ֖סוּvaiyakhisuHc/Vhw3mptagged: and they provoked to anger

1 Samuel

two uses
  • Because the LORD had closed Hannah’s womb, her rival would provoke her and taunt her viciously.

    1 Samuel 1:6

    • וְכִֽעֲסַ֤תָּהvekhiasatahHc/Vpq3fs/Sp3fstagged: and she provoked her
  • And this went on year after year. Whenever Hannah went up to the house of the LORD, her rival taunted her until she wept and would not eat.

    1 Samuel 1:7

    • תַּכְעִסֶ֑נָּהtakhisenahverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: she provoked her

1 Kings

ten uses
  • You have done more evil than all who came before you. You have proceeded to make for yourself other gods and molten images to provoke Me, and you have flung Me behind your back.

    1 Kings 14:9

    • לְהַכְעִיסֵ֔נִיlehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • For the LORD will strike Israel as a reed is shaken in the water. He will uproot Israel from this good land that He gave their fathers, and He will scatter them beyond the Euphrates, because they have made their Asherah poles, provoking the LORD to anger.

    1 Kings 14:15

    • מַכְעִיסִ֖יםmakhisimverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine pluraltagged: provoking to anger
  • because of the sins Jeroboam had committed and had caused Israel to commit, and because he had provoked the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger.

    1 Kings 15:30

    • הִכְעִ֔יסhikhisverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he provoked to anger
  • “Even though I lifted you out of the dust and made you ruler over My people Israel, you have walked in the way of Jeroboam and have caused My people Israel to sin and to provoke Me to anger by their sins.

    1 Kings 16:2

    • לְהַכְעִיסֵ֖נִיlehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • Moreover, the word of the LORD came through the prophet Jehu son of Hanani against Baasha and his house, because of all the evil he had done in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger with the work of his hands and becoming like the house of Jeroboam, and also because Baasha had struck down the house of Jeroboam.

    1 Kings 16:7

    • לְהַכְעִיסוֹ֙lehakhisopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to provoke to anger him
  • This happened because of all the sins Baasha and his son Elah had committed and had caused Israel to commit, provoking the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger with their worthless idols.

    1 Kings 16:13

    • לְהַכְעִ֗יסlehakhispreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to provoke to anger
  • For he walked in all the ways of Jeroboam son of Nebat and in his sins, which he caused Israel to commit, provoking the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger with their worthless idols.

    1 Kings 16:26

    • לְהַכְעִ֗יסlehakhispreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to provoke to anger
  • Then he set up an Asherah pole. Thus Ahab did more to provoke the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger than all the kings of Israel before him.

    1 Kings 16:33

    • לְהַכְעִיס֙lehakhispreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to provoke to anger
  • I will make your house like that of Jeroboam son of Nebat and like that of Baasha son of Ahijah, because you have provoked My anger and caused Israel to sin.’

    1 Kings 21:22

    • הִכְעַ֔סְתָּhikhastaverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you have provoked to anger
  • Ahaziah served and worshiped Baal, provoking the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger, just as his father had done.

    1 Kings 22:53

    • וַיַּכְעֵ֗סvaiyakhesHc/Vhw3mstagged: and he provoked to anger

2 Kings

seven uses
  • They burned incense on all the high places like the nations that the LORD had driven out before them. They did wicked things, provoking the LORD to anger.

    2 Kings 17:11

    • לְהַכְעִ֖יסlehakhispreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to provoke to anger
  • They sacrificed their sons and daughters in the fire and practiced divination and soothsaying. They devoted themselves to doing evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger.

    2 Kings 17:17

    • לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃lehakhisopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to provoke to anger him
  • He sacrificed his own son in the fire, practiced sorcery and divination, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did great evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger.

    2 Kings 21:6

    • לְהַכְעִֽיס׃lehakhispreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to provoke to anger
  • because they have done evil in My sight and have provoked Me to anger from the day their fathers came out of Egypt until this day.’”

    2 Kings 21:15

    • מַכְעִסִ֖יםmakhisimverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine pluraltagged: provoking to anger
  • because they have forsaken Me and burned incense to other gods, that they might provoke Me to anger with all the works of their hands. My wrath will be kindled against this place and will not be quenched.’

    2 Kings 22:17

    • הַכְעִיסֵ֔נִיhakhiseniverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • Just as Josiah had done at Bethel, so also in the cities of Samaria he removed all the shrines of the high places set up by the kings of Israel who had provoked the LORD to anger.

    2 Kings 23:19

    • לְהַכְעִ֔יסlehakhispreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to provoke anger
  • Nevertheless, the LORD did not turn away from the fury of His burning anger, which was kindled against Judah because of all that Manasseh had done to provoke Him to anger.

    2 Kings 23:26

    • הִכְעִיס֖וֹhikhisoverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he had provoked to anger him

2 Chronicles

four uses
  • Asa was angry with the seer and became so enraged over this matter that he put the man in prison. And at the same time Asa oppressed some of the people.

    2 Chronicles 16:10

    • וַיִּכְעַ֨סvaiyikhasHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he was angry
  • In every city of Judah he built high places to offer incense to other gods, and so he provoked the LORD, the God of his fathers.

    2 Chronicles 28:25

    • וַיַּכְעֵ֕סvaiyakhesHc/Vhw3mstagged: and he provoked
  • He sacrificed his sons in the fire in the Valley of Hinnom. He practiced sorcery, divination, and witchcraft, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did great evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger.

    2 Chronicles 33:6

    • לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃lehakhisopreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to provoke to anger him
  • because they have forsaken Me and burned incense to other gods, that they might provoke Me to anger with all the works of their hands. My wrath will be poured out upon this place and will not be quenched.’

    2 Chronicles 34:25

    • הַכְעִיסֵ֔נִיhakhiseniverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me

Nehemiah

two uses
  • Now when Sanballat heard that we were rebuilding the wall, he was furious and filled with indignation. He ridiculed the Jews

    Nehemiah 4:1

    • וַיִּכְעַ֖סvaiyikhasHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he was angry
  • Do not cover up their iniquity or let their sin be blotted out from Your sight, for they have provoked the builders.

    Nehemiah 4:5

    • הִכְעִ֖יסוּhikhisuverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have provoked to anger

Psalms

three uses
  • They enraged Him with their high places and provoked His jealousy with their idols.

    Psalms 78:58

    • וַיַּכְעִיס֥וּהוּvaiyakhisuhuHc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mstagged: and they provoked to anger him
  • So they provoked the LORD to anger with their deeds, and a plague broke out among them.

    Psalms 106:29

    • וַ֭יַּכְעִיסוּvaiyakhisuHc/Vhw3mptagged: and they provoked to anger
  • The wicked man will see and be grieved; he will gnash his teeth and waste away; the desires of the wicked will perish.

    Psalms 112:10

    • וְכָעָ֗סvekhaasHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he will be angry

Ecclesiastes

two uses
  • Moreover, all his days he eats in darkness, with much sorrow, sickness, and anger.

    Ecclesiastes 5:17

    • וְכָעַ֥סvekhaasHc/Vqq3mstagged: and he is vexed
  • Do not be quickly provoked in your spirit, for anger settles in the lap of a fool.

    Ecclesiastes 7:9

    • לִכְע֑וֹסlikhospreposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to become angry

Isaiah

one use
  • to a people who continually provoke Me to My face, sacrificing in the gardens and burning incense on altars of brick,

    Isaiah 65:3

    • הַמַּכְעִיסִ֥יםhamakhisimthe definite article (“the”) + verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine pluraltagged: who provoke to anger

Jeremiah

eleven uses
  • The sons gather wood, the fathers light the fire, and the women knead the dough to make cakes for the Queen of Heaven; they pour out drink offerings to other gods to provoke Me to anger.

    Jeremiah 7:18

    • הַכְעִסֵֽנִי׃hakhiseniverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • But am I the One they are provoking? declares the LORD. Is it not themselves they spite, to their own shame?

    Jeremiah 7:19

    • מַכְעִסִ֖יםmakhisimverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine pluraltagged: provoking
  • Listen to the cry of the daughter of my people from a land far away: “Is the LORD no longer in Zion? Is her King no longer there?” “Why have they provoked Me to anger with their carved images, with their worthless foreign idols?”

    Jeremiah 8:19

    • הִכְעִס֛וּנִיhikhisuniverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common plural + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: have they provoked to anger me
  • The LORD of Hosts, who planted you, has decreed disaster against you on account of the evil that the house of Israel and the house of Judah have brought upon themselves, provoking Me to anger by burning incense to Baal.”

    Jeremiah 11:17

    • לְהַכְעִסֵ֖נִיlehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • Do not follow other gods to serve and worship them, and do not provoke Me to anger with the works of your hands. Then I will do you no harm.’

    Jeremiah 25:6

    • תַכְעִ֤יסוּtakhisuverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you must provoke to anger
  • ‘But to your own harm, you have not listened to Me,’ declares the LORD, ‘so you have provoked Me to anger with the works of your hands.’

    Jeremiah 25:7

    • הַכְעִיסֵ֛נִיhikhisuniverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • And the Chaldeans who are fighting against this city will come in, set it on fire, and burn it, along with the houses of those who provoked Me to anger by burning incense to Baal on their rooftops and by pouring out drink offerings to other gods.

    Jeremiah 32:29

    • הַכְעִסֵֽנִי׃hakhiseniverb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • For the children of Israel and of Judah have done nothing but evil in My sight from their youth; indeed, they have done nothing but provoke Me to anger by the work of their hands, declares the LORD.

    Jeremiah 32:30

    • מַכְעִסִ֥יםmakhisimverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine pluraltagged: provoking to anger
  • because of all the evil the children of Israel and of Judah have done to provoke Me to anger—they, their kings, their officials, their priests and prophets, the men of Judah, and the residents of Jerusalem.

    Jeremiah 32:32

    • לְהַכְעִסֵ֔נִיlehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • because of the evil they have done. They provoked Me to anger by continuing to burn incense and to serve other gods that neither they nor you nor your fathers ever knew.

    Jeremiah 44:3

    • לְהַכְעִסֵ֔נִיlehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • Why are you provoking Me to anger by the work of your hands by burning incense to other gods in the land of Egypt, where you have gone to reside? As a result, you will be cut off and will become an object of cursing and reproach among all the nations of the earth.

    Jeremiah 44:8

    • לְהַכְעִסֵ֙נִי֙lehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: by provoking to anger me

Ezekiel

four uses
  • “Son of man,” He said to me, “do you see this? Is it not enough for the house of Judah to commit the abominations they are practicing here, that they must also fill the land with violence and continually provoke Me to anger? Look, they are even putting the branch to their nose!

    Ezekiel 8:17

    • לְהַכְעִיסֵ֔נִיlehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • You prostituted yourself with your lustful neighbors, the Egyptians, and increased your promiscuity to provoke Me to anger.

    Ezekiel 16:26

    • לְהַכְעִיסֵֽנִי׃lehakhisenipreposition + verb · causative (hiphil), infinitive (“to…”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: to provoke to anger me
  • So I will lay to rest My wrath against you, and My jealousy will turn away from you. Then I will be calm and no longer angry.

    Ezekiel 16:42

    • אֶכְעַ֖סʾekhasverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singulartagged: I will be angry
  • ‘I will trouble the hearts of many peoples, when I bring about your destruction among the nations, in countries you do not know.

    Ezekiel 32:9

    • וְהִ֨כְעַסְתִּ֔יvehikhastiHc/Vhq1cstagged: and I will disturb

Hosea

one use
  • Ephraim has provoked bitter anger, so his Lord will leave his bloodguilt upon him and repay him for his contempt.

    Hosea 12:14

    • הִכְעִ֥יסhikhisverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he has provoked to anger

The letters

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →