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Hebrew verb · H2865

חָתַת

chathathkhaw-thath'

to to be dismayed

52 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: châthath

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H2865is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 13 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 42
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H2865

properly, to prostrate; hence, to break down, either (literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by confusion and fear

The King James renders it: abolish, affright, be (make) afraid, amaze, beat down, discourage, (cause to) dismay, go down, scare, terrify.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

chathath is rendered "to to be dismayed". It stands 52 times in the Hebrew text, across thirteen books.

  • Nineteen of the uses stand in Jeremiah, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Deuteronomy 1:21See, the LORD your God has placed the land before you. Go up and take possession of it as the LORD, the God of your fathers, has told you. Do not be afraid or discouraged.”
  • The Greek text spells it forty-two different ways.

The first use

See, the LORD your God has placed the land before you. Go up and take possession of it as the LORD, the God of your fathers, has told you. Do not be afraid or discouraged.”

Deuteronomy 1:21תֵּחָֽת׃

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

Nineteen of the word's fifty-two uses are in Jeremiah.

The other 26 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • you be dismayed15
  • it will be shattered4
  • and be shattered3
  • and they will be dismayed3
  • it has been shattered2
  • it is dismayed2
  • they are dismayed2
  • they were dismayed2
  • you must be dismayed2
  • and I will shatter1
  • and it will be shattered1
  • and they were dismayed1

and 14 more, 52 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

חָתַןchathanrelativeUses33
חָתַםchathamto sealUses26
חָתַרchatharto digUses8
חָתַלchathalto entwineUses2
חָתַףchathaphto seizeUses1
חָתַךְchathakto determineUses1

The words it stands beside

All 52, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

42 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • חַ֖תּוּ4
  • וְחַתּ֥וּ2
  • וָחֹ֔תּוּ2
  • תֵּחַ֣ת2
  • תֵּחָ֑ת2
  • תֵּחָ֔ת2
  • תֵּחָֽת׃2
  • תֵּחָ֑תּוּ2
  • אֵחַ֖תָּה1
  • אֲחִתְּךָ֖1
  • הַחִתֹּ֖תָ1
  • וְהַחְתַּתִּ֣י1

and 30 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singular9HVNj2ms
  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine plural6HVNj2mp
  • verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common plural5HVqp3cp
  • Hc/Vqq3cp4Hc/Vqq3cp
  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular4HVNi3ms
  • conjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine plural3HC/Vqv2mp
  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural3HVNi3mp
  • verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singular3HVqp3fs
  • verb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singular2HVNi2ms
  • Hc/Vhq1cs1Hc/Vhq1cs
  • Hc/VNw3mp1Hc/VNw3mp
  • Hc/Vpq2ms/Sp1bs1Hc/Vpq2ms/Sp1bs

Deuteronomy

two uses
  • See, the LORD your God has placed the land before you. Go up and take possession of it as the LORD, the God of your fathers, has told you. Do not be afraid or discouraged.”

    Deuteronomy 1:21

    • תֵּחָֽת׃techatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • The LORD Himself goes before you; He will be with you. He will never leave you nor forsake you. Do not be afraid or discouraged.”

    Deuteronomy 31:8

    • תֵחָֽת׃techatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you must be dismayed

Joshua

three uses
  • Have I not commanded you to be strong and courageous? Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged, for the LORD your God is with you wherever you go.”

    Joshua 1:9

    • תֵּחָ֑תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • Then the LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid or discouraged. Take the whole army with you, and go up and attack Ai. See, I have delivered into your hand the king of Ai, his people, his city, and his land.

    Joshua 8:1

    • תֵּחָ֔תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • “Do not be afraid or discouraged,” Joshua said. “Be strong and courageous, for the LORD will do this to all the enemies you fight.”

    Joshua 10:25

    • תֵּחָ֑תּוּtechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you be dismayed

1 Samuel

one use
  • On hearing the words of the Philistine, Saul and all the Israelites were dismayed and greatly afraid.

    1 Samuel 17:11

    • וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּvaiyechatuHc/VNw3mptagged: and they were dismayed

2 Kings

one use
  • Therefore their inhabitants, devoid of power, are dismayed and ashamed. They are like plants in the field, tender green shoots, grass on the rooftops, scorched before it is grown.

    2 Kings 19:26

    • חַ֖תּוּchatuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they were dismayed

1 Chronicles

two uses
  • Then you will succeed, if you carefully follow the statutes and ordinances that the LORD commanded Moses for Israel. Be strong and courageous. Do not be afraid or discouraged.

    1 Chronicles 22:13

    • תֵּחָֽת׃techatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • David also said to Solomon his son, “Be strong and courageous, and do it. Do not be afraid or discouraged, for the LORD God, my God, is with you. He will neither fail you nor forsake you before all the work for the service of the house of the LORD is finished.

    1 Chronicles 28:20

    • תֵּחָ֑תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed

2 Chronicles

three uses
  • And he said, “Listen, all you people of Judah and Jerusalem! Listen, King Jehoshaphat! This is what the LORD says: ‘Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast army, for the battle does not belong to you, but to God.

    2 Chronicles 20:15

    • תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙techatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you be dismayed
  • You need not fight this battle. Take up your positions, stand firm, and see the salvation of the LORD on your behalf, O Judah and Jerusalem. Do not be afraid or discouraged. Go out and face them tomorrow, for the LORD is with you.’”

    2 Chronicles 20:17

    • תֵּחַ֔תּוּtechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you be dismayed
  • “Be strong and courageous! Do not be afraid or discouraged before the king of Assyria and the vast army with him, for there is a greater One with us than with him.

    2 Chronicles 32:7

    • תֵּחַ֗תּוּtechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you be dismayed

Job

four uses
  • then You frighten me with dreams and terrify me with visions,

    Job 7:14

    • וְחִתַּתַּ֥נִיvechittataniHc/Vpq2ms/Sp1bstagged: and you will dismay me
  • because I greatly feared the crowds and the contempt of the clans terrified me, so that I kept silent and would not go outside—

    Job 31:34

    • יְחִתֵּ֑נִיyechiteniverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: it caused to be dismayed me
  • Job’s friends are dismayed, with no more to say; words have escaped them.

    Job 32:15

    • חַ֭תּוּchatuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they are dismayed
  • He laughs at fear, frightened of nothing; he does not turn back from the sword.

    Job 39:22

    • יֵחָ֑תyechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is dismayed

Isaiah

twelve uses
  • For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin. Within sixty-five years Ephraim will be shattered as a people.

    Isaiah 7:8

    • יֵחַ֥תyechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will be shattered
  • Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered!

    Isaiah 8:9

    • וָחֹ֔תּוּvachotuconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: and be shattered
    • וָחֹ֔תּוּvachotuconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: and be shattered
    • וָחֹֽתּוּ׃vachotuconjunction (“and”) + verb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: and be shattered
  • For as in the day of Midian You have shattered the yoke of their burden, the bar across their shoulders, and the rod of their oppressor.

    Isaiah 9:4

    • הַחִתֹּ֖תָhachitotaverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you will shatter
  • Those who made Cush their hope and Egypt their boast will be dismayed and ashamed.

    Isaiah 20:5

    • וְחַתּ֖וּvechatuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will be dismayed
  • For Assyria will be shattered at the voice of the LORD; He will strike them with His scepter.

    Isaiah 30:31

    • יֵחַ֣תyechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will be shattered
  • For this is what the LORD has said to me: “Like a lion roaring or a young lion over its prey—and though a band of shepherds is called out against it, it is not terrified by their shouting or subdued by their clamor—so the LORD of Hosts will come down to do battle on Mount Zion and its heights.

    Isaiah 31:4

    • יֵחָ֔תyechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is dismayed
  • Their rock will pass away for fear, and their princes will panic at the sight of the battle standard,” declares the LORD, whose fire is in Zion, whose furnace is in Jerusalem.

    Isaiah 31:9

    • וְחַתּ֥וּvechatuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will be dismayed
  • Therefore their inhabitants, devoid of power, are dismayed and ashamed. They are like plants in the field, tender green shoots, grass on the rooftops, scorched before it is grown.

    Isaiah 37:27

    • חַ֖תּוּchatuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they were dismayed
  • Lift up your eyes to the heavens, and look at the earth below; for the heavens will vanish like smoke, the earth will wear out like a garment, and its people will die like gnats. But My salvation will last forever, and My righteousness will never fail.

    Isaiah 51:6

    • תֵחָֽת׃ סtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will be broken
  • Listen to Me, you who know what is right, you people with My law in your hearts: Do not fear the scorn of men; do not be broken by their insults.

    Isaiah 51:7

    • תֵּחָֽתּוּ׃techatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you be dismayed

Jeremiah

nineteen uses
  • Get yourself ready. Stand up and tell them everything that I command you. Do not be intimidated by them, or I will terrify you before them.

    Jeremiah 1:17

    • תֵּחַת֙techatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
    • אֲחִתְּךָ֖ʾachitekhaverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common singular + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: I should make dismayed you
  • The wise will be put to shame; they will be dismayed and trapped. Since they have rejected the word of the LORD, what wisdom do they really have?

    Jeremiah 8:9

    • חַ֖תּוּchatuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they will be dismayed
  • This is what the LORD says: “Do not learn the ways of the nations or be terrified by the signs in the heavens, though the nations themselves are terrified by them.

    Jeremiah 10:2

    • תֵּחָ֑תּוּtechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine pluraltagged: you be dismayed
    • יֵחַ֥תּוּyechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they are dismayed
  • The ground is cracked because no rain has fallen on the land. The farmers are ashamed; they cover their heads.

    Jeremiah 14:4

    • חַ֔תָּהchatahverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it is cracked
  • Let my persecutors be put to shame, but do not let me be put to shame. Let them be terrified, but do not let me be terrified. Bring upon them the day of disaster and shatter them with double destruction.

    Jeremiah 17:18

    • יֵחַ֣תּוּyechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: let them be dismayed
    • אֵחַ֖תָּהʾechatahverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), infinitive (“to…”) · 1st person common singulartagged: I be dismayed
  • I will raise up shepherds over them who will tend them, and they will no longer be afraid or dismayed, nor will any go missing, declares the LORD.

    Jeremiah 23:4

    • יֵחַ֛תּוּyechatuverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: they will be terrified
  • As for you, O Jacob My servant, do not be afraid, declares the LORD, and do not be dismayed, O Israel. For I will surely save you out of a distant place, your descendants from the land of their captivity! Jacob will return to quiet and ease, with no one to make him afraid.

    Jeremiah 30:10

    • תֵּחַ֣תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • But you, O Jacob My servant, do not be afraid, and do not be dismayed, O Israel. For I will surely save you out of a distant place, your descendants from the land of their captivity! Jacob will return to quiet and ease, with no one to make him afraid.

    Jeremiah 46:27

    • תֵּחַ֣תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • Concerning Moab, this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: “Woe to Nebo, for it will be devastated. Kiriathaim will be captured and disgraced; the fortress will be shattered and dismantled.

    Jeremiah 48:1

    • וָחָֽתָּה׃vachatahHc/Vqq3fstagged: and it will be shattered
  • Moab is put to shame, for it has been shattered. Wail and cry out! Declare by the Arnon that Moab is destroyed.

    Jeremiah 48:20

    • חַ֖תָּהchatahverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it has been shattered
  • “How shattered it is! How they wail! How Moab has turned his back in shame! Moab has become an object of ridicule and horror to all those around him.”

    Jeremiah 48:39

    • חַ֙תָּה֙chatahverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it has been shattered
  • So I will shatter Elam before their foes, before those who seek their lives. I will bring disaster upon them, even My fierce anger,” declares the LORD. “I will send out the sword after them until I finish them off.

    Jeremiah 49:37

    • וְהַחְתַּתִּ֣יvehachtatiHc/Vhq1cstagged: and I will shatter
  • “Announce and declare to the nations; lift up a banner and proclaim it; hold nothing back when you say, ‘Babylon is captured; Bel is put to shame; Marduk is shattered, her images are disgraced, her idols are broken in pieces.’

    Jeremiah 50:2

    • חַ֣תchatverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will be shattered
    • חַ֖תּוּchatuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they will be shattered
  • A sword is against her false prophets, and they will become fools. A sword is against her warriors, and they will be filled with terror.

    Jeremiah 50:36

    • וָחָֽתּוּ׃vachatuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will be shattered
  • For a destroyer is coming against her—against Babylon. Her warriors will be captured, and their bows will be broken, for the LORD is a God of retribution; He will repay in full.

    Jeremiah 51:56

    • חִתְּתָ֖הchitetahverb · intensive (piel), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will be shattered

Ezekiel

two uses
  • But you, son of man, do not be afraid of them or their words. Do not be afraid, though briers and thorns surround you, and you dwell among scorpions. Do not be afraid of their words or dismayed by their presence, though they are a rebellious house.

    Ezekiel 2:6

    • תֵּחָ֔תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you be dismayed
  • I will make your forehead like a diamond, harder than flint. Do not be afraid of them or dismayed at their presence, even though they are a rebellious house.”

    Ezekiel 3:9

    • תֵחַ֣תtechatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you must be dismayed

Obadiah

one use
  • Then your mighty men, O Teman, will be terrified, so that everyone in the mountains of Esau will be cut down in the slaughter.

    Obadiah 1:9

    • וְחַתּ֥וּvechatuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will be dismayed

Habakkuk

one use
  • For your violence against Lebanon will overwhelm you, and the destruction of animals will terrify you, because of your bloodshed against men and your violence against the land, the city, and all their dwellers.

    Habakkuk 2:17

    • יְחִיתַ֑ןyechitanverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person feminine pluraltagged: it will terrify them

Malachi

one use
  • “My covenant with him was one of life and peace, which I gave to him; it called for reverence, and he revered Me and stood in awe of My name.

    Malachi 2:5

    • נִחַ֥תnichatverb · passive or reflexive (niphal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he was in awe

The letters

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →