Greek noun · G2190
ἐχθρός
echthrosech-thros'
hated, hateful; Actively, hating, hostile
32 uses in the Greek text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: echthrós
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's G2190is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 13 of 27New Testament books
- 11spellings
- 2meanings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · G2190
hateful (passively, odious, or actively, hostile); usually as a noun, an adversary (especially Satan)
The King James renders it: enemy, foe.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
echthros is rendered "hated, hateful; Actively, hating, hostile". It stands 32 times in the Greek text, across thirteen books.
- Eight of the uses stand in Luke, more than in any other book.
- The lexicon lists two meanings for it, beginning with "hated, hateful".
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Matthew 5:43You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’ and ‘Hate your enemy.’
- The Greek text spells it eleven different ways.
The first use
You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’ and ‘Hate your enemy.’
Matthew 5:43ἐχθρόν
The first use, in the order of the New Testament's books.
Where the word stands
Eight of the word's thirty-two uses are in Luke.
What the word means
The word carries two meanings: hated, hateful, and Actively, hating, hostile.
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
| Meaning | Tagged as | Where |
|---|---|---|
| hated, hateful(Hom.): opposite to ἀγαπητός, Rom.11:28. | Tagged as
| WhereRomans 11:28Regarding the gospel, they are enemies on your account; but regarding election… |
| Actively, hating, hostileRom.5:10, 1Co.15:25, 2Th.3:15; with genitive of person(s) (cl.), Jas.4:4; τ. διανοίᾳ, Col.1:21; ἐ. ἄνθρωπος, Mat.13:28; as subst., ὁ ἐ.,... | Tagged as
| WhereMatthew 13:28‘An enemy did this,’ he replied. So the servants asked him… |
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
| Word | Written | Meaning | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἔχθρα | echthra | hostility | Uses5 |
All 32, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
11 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- ἐχθροὺς7
- ἐχθρὸς6
- ἐχθρούς6
- ἐχθροὶ5
- ἐχθρῶν2
- ἐχθρὲ1
- ἐχθροί1
- ἐχθρόν1
- ἐχθρὸν1
- ἐχθρός1
- ἐχθροῦ1
The grammar of each form
- noun · accusative (object) · masculine plural13N-APM
- noun · nominative (subject) · masculine singular7N-NSM
- noun · nominative (subject) · masculine plural6N-NPM
- noun · accusative (object) · masculine singular2N-ASM
- noun · genitive (“of”) · masculine plural2N-GPM
- noun · genitive (“of”) · masculine singular1N-GSM
- noun · vocative (address) · masculine singular1N-VSM
Matthew
seven uses
You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’ and ‘Hate your enemy.’
- ἐχθρόνechthronnoun · accusative (object) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
A man’s enemies will be the members of his own household.’
- ἐχθροὶechthroinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
But while everyone was asleep, his enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat, and slipped away.
- ἐχθρὸςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
‘An enemy did this,’ he replied. So the servants asked him, ‘Do you want us to go and pull them up?’
- ἐχθρὸςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: An enemy
and the enemy who sows them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels.
- ἐχθρὸςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: the enemy
‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’
- ἐχθρούςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Mark
one use
Speaking by the Holy Spirit, David himself declared: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’
- ἐχθρούςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Luke
eight uses
salvation from our enemies and from the hand of all who hate us,
- ἐχθρῶνechthronnoun · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
deliverance from hostile hands, that we may serve Him without fear,
- ἐχθρῶνechthronnoun · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
But to those of you who will listen, I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you,
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
But love your enemies, do good to them, and lend to them, expecting nothing in return. Then your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High; for He is kind to the ungrateful and wicked.
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Behold, I have given you authority to tread on snakes and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy. Nothing will harm you.
- ἐχθροῦechthrounoun · genitive (“of”) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
And these enemies of mine who were unwilling for me to rule over them, bring them here and slay them in front of me.’”
- ἐχθρούςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
For the days will come upon you when your enemies will barricade you and surround you and hem you in on every side.
- ἐχθροίechthroinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’
- ἐχθρούςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Acts
two uses
until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’
- ἐχθρούςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
and said, “O child of the devil and enemy of all righteousness, you are full of all kinds of deceit and trickery! Will you never stop perverting the straight ways of the Lord?
- ἐχθρὲechthrenoun · vocative (address) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
Romans
three uses
For if, when we were enemies of God, we were reconciled to Him through the death of His Son, how much more, having been reconciled, shall we be saved through His life!
- ἐχθροὶechthroinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Regarding the gospel, they are enemies on your account; but regarding election, they are loved on account of the patriarchs.
- ἐχθροὶechthroinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
On the contrary, “If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him a drink. For in so doing, you will heap burning coals on his head.”
- ἐχθρόςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
1 Corinthians
two uses
For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet.
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
The last enemy to be destroyed is death.
- ἐχθρὸςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
Galatians
one use
Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?
- ἐχθρὸςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: enemy
Philippians
one use
For as I have often told you before, and now say again even with tears: Many live as enemies of the cross of Christ.
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Colossians
one use
Once you were alienated from God and were hostile in your minds, engaging in evil deeds.
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: hostile
2 Thessalonians
one use
Yet do not regard him as an enemy, but warn him as a brother.
- ἐχθρὸνechthronnoun · accusative (object) · masculine singulartagged: an enemy
Hebrews
two uses
Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?
- ἐχθρούςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,
- ἐχθροὶechthroinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
James
one use
You adulteresses! Do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Therefore, whoever chooses to be a friend of the world renders himself an enemy of God.
- ἐχθρὸςechthrosnoun · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: an enemy
Revelation
two uses
If anyone wants to harm them, fire proceeds from their mouths and devours their enemies. In this way, anyone who wants to harm them must be killed.
- ἐχθροὺςechthrousnoun · accusative (object) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
And the witnesses heard a loud voice from heaven saying, “Come up here.” And they went up to heaven in a cloud as their enemies watched them.
- ἐχθροὶechthroinoun · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: enemies
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.