Greek verb · G2068
ἐσθίω
esthioes-thee'-o
to eat
65 uses in the Greek text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: esthíō
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's G2068is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 8 of 27New Testament books
- 16spellings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · G2068
used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by ; to eat (usually literal)
The King James renders it: devour, eat, live.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
esthio is rendered "to eat". It stands 65 times in the Greek text, across eight books.
- Seventeen of the uses stand in 1 Corinthians, more than in any other book.
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Matthew 9:11When the Pharisees saw this, they asked His disciples, “Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
- The Greek text spells it sixteen different ways.
The first use
When the Pharisees saw this, they asked His disciples, “Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
Matthew 9:11ἐσθίει
The first use, in the order of the New Testament's books.
Where the word stands
Seventeen of the word's sixty-five uses are in 1 Corinthians.
What the word means
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- eating16
- eat7
- to eat5
- do eat4
- he eats4
- eats3
- he should eat3
- were eating3
- they may eat2
- They were eating2
- when were eating2
- are eating1
and 13 more, 65 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
The words it stands beside
All 65, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
16 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- ἐσθίων11
- ἐσθίει10
- ἐσθίουσιν8
- ἐσθίειν6
- ἐσθίετε6
- ἐσθίοντες4
- ἐσθιόντων4
- ἤσθιον4
- ἐσθιέτω3
- ἐσθίῃ2
- ἐσθίοντα2
- ἔσθητε1
and 4 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- verb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singular11V-PAP-NSM
- verb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singular10V-PAI-3S
- verb · present active, indicative · 3rd person plural8V-PAI-3P
- verb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)6V-PAN
- verb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person plural4V-IAI-3P
- verb · present active, command · 2nd person plural4V-PAM-2P
- verb · present active, participle · genitive (“of”) · masculine plural4V-PAP-GPM
- verb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine plural4V-PAP-NPM
- verb · present active, command · 3rd person singular3V-PAM-3S
- verb · present active, indicative · 2nd person plural2V-PAI-2P
- verb · present active, participle · accusative (object) · masculine singular2V-PAP-ASM
- verb · present active, subjunctive · 2nd person plural2V-PAS-2P
Matthew
eleven uses
When the Pharisees saw this, they asked His disciples, “Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: eats
For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, ‘He has a demon!’
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Look at this glutton and drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ But wisdom is vindicated by her actions.”
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry and began to pick the heads of grain and eat them.
- ἐσθίεινesthieinverb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to eat
About five thousand men were fed, in addition to women and children.
- ἐσθίοντεςesthiontesverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: eating
“Why do Your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They do not wash their hands before they eat.”
- ἐσθίωσιν.¶esthiosinverb · present active, subjunctive · 3rd person pluraltagged: they may eat
“Yes, Lord,” she said, “even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their master’s table.”
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: eat
A total of four thousand men were fed, in addition to women and children.
- ἐσθίοντεςesthiontesverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: eating
And he begins to beat his fellow servants and to eat and drink with drunkards.
- ἐσθίῃesthieverb · present active, subjunctive · 3rd person singulartagged: he may eat
And while they were eating, He said to them, “Truly I tell you, one of you will betray Me.”
- ἐσθιόντωνesthiontonverb · present active, participle · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluraltagged: when were eating
While they were eating, Jesus took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it, and gave it to the disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is My body.”
- Ἐσθιόντωνesthiontonverb · present active, participle · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluraltagged: When were eating
Mark
eleven uses
John was clothed in camel’s hair, with a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey.
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: he is eating
When the scribes who were Pharisees saw Jesus eating with these people, they asked His disciples, “Why does He eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: he eats
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: He eats
and they saw some of His disciples eating with hands that were defiled—that is, unwashed.
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: are eating
Now in holding to the tradition of the elders, the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat until they wash their hands ceremonially.
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: eat
And on returning from the market, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other traditions for them to observe, including the washing of cups, pitchers, kettles, and couches for dining.
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: they eat
So the Pharisees and scribes questioned Jesus: “Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders? Instead, they eat with defiled hands.”
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: eat
“Yes, Lord,” she replied, “even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.”
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: eat
And while they were reclining and eating, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, one of you who is eating with Me will betray Me.”
- ἐσθιόντωνesthiontonverb · present active, participle · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluraltagged: were eating
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: is eating
While they were eating, Jesus took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it, and gave it to the disciples, saying, “Take it; this is My body.”
- ἐσθιόντωνesthiontonverb · present active, participle · genitive (“of”) · masculine pluraltagged: when are eating
Luke
twelve uses
But the Pharisees and their scribes complained to Jesus’ disciples, “Why do you eat and drink with tax collectors and sinners?”
- ἐσθίετεesthieteverb · present active, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: do you eat
Then they said to Him, “John’s disciples and those of the Pharisees frequently fast and pray, but Yours keep on eating and drinking.”
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: eat
One Sabbath Jesus was passing through the grainfields, and His disciples began to pick the heads of grain, rub them in their hands, and eat them.
- ἤσθιονesthionverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: were eating
For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine, and you say, ‘He has a demon!’
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and you say, ‘Look at this glutton and drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
Stay at the same house, eating and drinking whatever you are offered. For the worker is worthy of his wages. Do not move around from house to house.
- ἐσθίοντεςesthiontesverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: eating
If you enter a town and they welcome you, eat whatever is set before you.
- ἐσθίετεesthieteverb · present active, command · 2nd person pluraltagged: do eat
But suppose that servant says in his heart, ‘My master will be a long time in coming,’ and he begins to beat the menservants and maidservants, and to eat and drink and get drunk.
- ἐσθίεινesthieinverb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to eat
He longed to fill his belly with the pods the pigs were eating, but no one would give him a thing.
- ἤσθιονesthionverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: were eating
People were eating and drinking, marrying and being given in marriage, up to the day Noah entered the ark. Then the flood came and destroyed them all.
- ἤσθιονesthionverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: They were eating
It was the same in the days of Lot: People were eating and drinking, buying and selling, planting and building.
- ἤσθιονesthionverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: they were eating
so that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
- ἔσθητεestheteverb · present active, subjunctive · 2nd person pluraltagged: you may eat
Acts
one use
After he had said this, Paul took bread and gave thanks to God in front of them all. Then he broke it and began to eat.
- ἐσθίεινesthieinverb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to eat
Romans
ten uses
For one person has faith to eat all things, while another, who is weak, eats only vegetables.
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: eats
The one who eats everything must not belittle the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge the one who does, for God has accepted him.
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
- ἐσθίονταesthiontaverb · present active, participle · accusative (object) · masculine singulartagged: eating
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
- ἐσθίονταesthiontaverb · present active, participle · accusative (object) · masculine singulartagged: eating
He who observes a special day does so to the Lord; he who eats does so to the Lord, for he gives thanks to God; and he who abstains does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God.
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: eats
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: he eats
Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food. All food is clean, but it is wrong for a man to let his eating be a stumbling block.
- ἐσθίοντιesthiontiverb · present active, participle · dative (“to / for”) · masculine singulartagged: eating
1 Corinthians
seventeen uses
But not everyone has this knowledge. Some people are still so accustomed to idols that they eat such food as if it were sacrificed to an idol. And since their conscience is weak, it is defiled.
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: eat
For if someone with a weak conscience sees you who are well informed eating in an idol’s temple, will he not be encouraged to eat food sacrificed to idols?
- ἐσθίεινesthieinverb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to eat
Who serves as a soldier at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat of its fruit? Who tends a flock and does not drink of its milk?
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: does eat
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: does drink
Do you not know that those who work in the temple eat of its food, and those who serve at the altar partake of its offerings?
- ἐσθίουσινesthiousinverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: eat
Consider the people of Israel: Are not those who eat the sacrifices fellow partakers in the altar?
- ἐσθίοντεςesthiontesverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: eating
Eat anything sold in the meat market without raising questions of conscience,
- ἐσθίετεesthieteverb · present active, command · 2nd person pluraltagged: do eat
If an unbeliever invites you to a meal and you want to go, eat anything set before you without raising questions of conscience.
- ἐσθίετεesthieteverb · present active, command · 2nd person pluraltagged: do eat
But if someone tells you, “This food was offered to idols,” then do not eat it, for the sake of the one who told you and for the sake of conscience—
- ἐσθίετεesthieteverb · present active, command · 2nd person pluraltagged: do eat
So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all to the glory of God.
- ἐσθίετεesthieteverb · present active, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you eat
Don’t you have your own homes in which to eat and drink? Or do you despise the church of God and humiliate those who have nothing? What can I say to you? Shall I praise you for this? No, I will not!
- ἐσθίεινesthieinverb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to eat
For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes.
- ἐσθίητεesthieteverb · present active, subjunctive · 2nd person pluraltagged: you shall eat
Therefore, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord.
- ἐσθίῃesthieverb · present active, subjunctive · 3rd person singulartagged: may eat
Each one must examine himself before he eats of the bread and drinks of the cup.
- ἐσθιέτωesthietoverb · present active, command · 3rd person singulartagged: he should eat
For anyone who eats and drinks without recognizing the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.
- ἐσθίωνesthionverb · present active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: eating
- ἐσθίειesthieiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: he eats
If anyone is hungry, he should eat at home, so that when you come together it will not result in judgment. And when I come, I will give instructions about the remaining matters.
- ἐσθιέτωesthietoverb · present active, command · 3rd person singulartagged: he should eat
2 Thessalonians
two uses
For even while we were with you, we gave you this command: “If anyone is unwilling to work, he shall not eat.”
- ἐσθιέτωesthietoverb · present active, command · 3rd person singulartagged: he should eat
We command and urge such people by our Lord Jesus Christ to begin working quietly to earn their own living.
- ἐσθίωσινesthiosinverb · present active, subjunctive · 3rd person pluraltagged: they may eat
Hebrews
one use
but only a fearful expectation of judgment and of raging fire that will consume all adversaries.
- ἐσθίεινesthieinverb · present active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to devour
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.