1 Enoch 69:20
Study resource: not ScriptureR. H. Charles translation (1917) · public domain
And through that oath the sun and moon complete their course, And deviate not from their ordinance from eternity to eternity.
This verse’s chapter, studied
The Oath That Holds Up Heaven and Earth
The chapter lists the fallen angels by name and details specific offenses — Jeqon who first led the "sons of God" astray, Asbeel who counseled them to defile themselves, Gadreel who showed the weapons of death and, the text says, led Eve astray, Penemue who taught writing with pen and ink, and Kasdeja who taught the wicked arts of harming the body and the unborn. It then turns to Kasbeel's oath, "Akae," the very name by which heaven was suspended, the earth founded on the water, and sun, moon, and stars are kept faithfully in their courses: and closes with the Son of Man's name revealed, judgment given to him, and the guilty bound in chains: "This is the third Parable of Enoch."
Teachers on this ground
R. H. Charles
The Book of Enoch (1917)
The public-domain translation this shelf reads, with the critical introduction the field still builds on.
Johnny Enlow
The Book of Enoch: Paraphrase and Commentary (2025)
A living teacher's paraphrase of the whole book with his own running commentary, from the prophetic stream.
Michael S. Heiser
A Companion to the Book of Enoch: A Reader's Commentary, Vol. II — The Parables of Enoch (2020)
The reader's commentary continued into the Son of Man visions of these chapters.