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21

The number 21

Great wickedness, exceeding sinfulness of sin

New beginnings: resurrection and a fresh start

Bullinger's own stated meaning for twenty-one does not match a "great wickedness" label. Number in Scripture treats it as 3x7 and reads that positively, as "Divine completion as regards spiritual perfection," the same family as seven and fourteen. What he does note, in passing, is that the formula "and made Israel to sin," describing Jeroboam's idolatry, recurs across the books of Kings in a way he ties to the number. The "exceeding sinfulness of sin" gloss belongs to later derivative number-meaning lists, not to Bullinger's stated arithmetic for twenty-one, and no single verse names twenty-one as sin's number. Where the site keeps this label, it should be held as popular tradition rather than Bullinger's own reading, which is the opposite valence.

The mathematics

  1. The eighth Fibonacci number and the sixth triangular number at once. Only a handful of numbers are both — 1, 3, 21 and 55 — and 21 is the first interesting one.
  2. 21 = 3 × 7, and it is the number of ways to pair up seven things.

Every property here was checked before it was printed.

The same number, in what He made

Earth's air is about 21% oxygen by volume — 20.9% of dry air, against 78% nitrogen. Every breath depends on that proportion holding (NOAA; UCAR Center for Science Education).

Sources are named in the line itself. “The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork.”

What they have said about this number

The threefold seven — divine completion as regards spiritual perfection.

If 21 is the three-fold 7, and signifies Divine (3) completion as regards spiritual perfection (7)…
E. W. Bullinger, Number in Scripture (1894)
Manifest Spirit.
Troy Brewer, Numbers That Preach (2007)

In Hebrew and Greek

Hebrew

Esrim v'echad (עֶשְׂרִים וְאֶחָד) - twenty-one

Greek

Eikosi kai heis (εἴκοσι καὶ εἷς) - twenty-one

The pattern in Scripture

  • Daniel fasted 21 days (Dan 10:13)
  • Feast of Tabernacles was 21st day
  • 21 chapters in John's Gospel

21:21 verses

Genesis 21:21

And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran: and his mother took him a wife out of the land of Egypt.

Exodus 21:21

Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money.

Leviticus 21:21

No man that hath a blemish of the seed of Aaron the priest shall come nigh to offer the offerings of...

Numbers 21:21

And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,

Deuteronomy 21:21

And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt thou put evil away fr...

Related numbers

The works behind these readings

Where to go next

Sources: Bullinger, Number in Scripture (1894) · Davis, Biblical Numerology (1968) · Ryken, Wilhoit & Longman, Dictionary of Biblical Imagery (1998) · Missler, Cosmic Codes (1999) · Brewer, Numbers That Preach (2007). Verse texts ASV. Every cited work, the sources registry →