1 Enoch 31:1
Study resource: not ScriptureR. H. Charles translation (1917) · public domain
And I saw other mountains, and amongst them were groves of trees, and there flowed forth from them nectar, which is named sarara and galbanum.
This verse’s chapter, studied
Where Nectar Runs Between the Mountains
Enoch sees more mountains flowing with resin-like nectar named sarara and galbanum, then another mountain to the east covered in aloe trees whose burned stacte gives a scent sweeter than any other.
- Exodus 30:34 : stands beside galbanum among the spices of the holy incense
- Song of Solomon 4:14 : stands beside myrrh and aloes among 'the chief spices'
Teachers on this ground
R. H. Charles
The Book of Enoch (1917)
The public-domain translation this shelf reads, with the critical introduction the field still builds on.
Johnny Enlow
The Book of Enoch: Paraphrase and Commentary (2025)
A living teacher's paraphrase of the whole book with his own running commentary, from the prophetic stream.
Michael S. Heiser
A Companion to the Book of Enoch: A Reader's Commentary, Vol. I — The Book of the Watchers (2019)
A verse-by-verse reader's commentary on chapters 1–36: the closest thing in print to a study Bible for this section.